Potential Risks and Complications of Laser Cataract
Surgery
Cataract surgery is the procedure of removing the clouded eye lens and replacing it with
intraocular lenses. Technological advancements have made it possible to decrease the
underlying complications and risks associated with cataract surgery. However, some
complications may occur during or after the procedure, including:
1. Infection
Although rare, endophthalmitis is a severe eye infection that can occur after cataract surgery,
leading to vision loss. Early detection and treatment are critical to minimize the risk of this
complication.
2. Bleeding in the Eye
Intraocular bleeding can occur during the surgery, leading to complications. This risk is generally
low but still exists.
3. Corneal Edema
The cornea, the clear front surface of the eye, can become swollen or cloudy, which can affect
vision. This usually resolves over time but can be a temporary issue.
4. Increased Intraocular Pressure
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) can occur during or after the surgery. This can be managed
with medications, but in some cases, it may lead to glaucoma.
5. Capsular Tear
The laser can create a tear or hole in the thin membrane (capsule) that holds the natural lens in
place. If significant, this can necessitate additional surgery to repair.
6. Dislocated Intraocular Lens (IOL)
After the cataract is removed, an artificial lens (IOL) is implanted. In some cases, the IOL can
become dislocated or decentered, requiring a second surgery.
7. Astigmatism
Laser cataract surgery can sometimes induce or worsen astigmatism, which can affect the
clarity of your vision. This can be addressed with additional procedures or specialized IOLs.
8. Residual Refractive Error
While laser surgery aims to correct your refractive error (e.g., nearsightedness, farsightedness),
there may still be some residual refractive error, necessitating the use of glasses or contact
lenses.
9. Visual Disturbances
Some patients experience halos, glare, or other visual disturbances, particularly in low-light
conditions. These signs often improve over time as the eye heals.
10. Floaters
Floaters are tiny specks or lines that appear in your visual field and can be more noticeable after
cataract surgery.
11. Pupil Irregularities
Laser cataract surgery can sometimes cause irregularities in the size and shape of the pupil,
which can impact vision.
12. Persistent Swelling
Some individuals may experience prolonged corneal or ocular swelling, affecting their visual
recovery.
13. Allergic Reactions
In rare cases, patients may experience allergic reactions to medications or materials used
during the laser cataract surgery.
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If it doesn't resolve, it can further cause risks and complications such as optic nerve
damage, vein damage, pain, and corneal swelling. It is the surgeon’s responsibility to
identify the risks and mitigate them to prevent complications.