INSTRODUCTION TO
ELECTRICITY
BASIC CONCEPT
OF ELECTRICITY
Electricity is a term used to
describe the energy produced when
electric charges are caused to
move from one object to another.
1
Differentiate static electricity
from electric current;
2
Define current, voltage, and
resistance;
3
Differentiate conductors from
insulators
PROPERTIES OF ELECTRON
Charge is basically a
property of electrons and
protons. They have the
same magnitude of charge
but
their
charge
is
opposite in sign. Protons
have a positive charge,
while
electrons
have
negative charge. In most
objects around you, these
charges are in equal
amount.
ELECTRICITY
• It is the movement or flow
of electrons in a conductor.
• Is a present phenomenon
which can be determined
by its effects.
a) The iron produces heat
b) Air conditioner makes
surrounding either cold
or hot
c) Bulb produces light.
Suppose you rub a plastic comb on
your hair, the atoms in your hair holds
their electrons more loosely than the
atoms in your hair hold theirs.
As a result, electrons are transferred
from the atoms in your hair to the
atoms on the plastic comb. Since
your hair loses electrons, it becomes
positively charged, while the plastic
comb that gains electrons becomes
negatively charged.
EXPERIMENT TIME
Rubbing neutral objects
together allows electron
to move from one object
to another.
All charged objects exert an electric
force on each other. Objects with the
same type of charge repel one
another, while the objects with
opposite charges attract one
another.
Since your hair and the comb have
opposite charges, they will be
attracted to one another. An electric
charge on an object that causes to
attract or repel other objects is called
static electricity.
EXPERIMENT TIME
Rubbing neutral objects
together allows electron
to move from one object
to another.
QUALITIES/
FACTORS
VOLTAGE- (Electromotive force), The
amount of pressure which enables or
pushes the electrons to flow in a
conductor.
CURRENT- The amount of
the flow of electrons in a
conductor.
RESISTANCE- Amount of
opposition which limits or
opposed the flow of electron
OHMS LAW
The amount of current
in flowing in any circuit
is directly proportional
to the voltage or
electromotive force
and inversely
proportional to
resistance.
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION
1. Proton is ________
a. Neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Negatively charged
d. Either positive or negative
2. In a neutral atom, _______
a. Electrons and protons are equal and with the same
charge
b. Electrons and protons are equal but with different
charges
c. Electrons are greater in number than protons
d. Protons are greater in number than electrons
3. When atom gains an electron,
it becomes
a. Neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Negatively charged
d. Will not be affected
4. Objects with the same type of
charge
a. Repel one another
b. Attract one another
c. Do not affect each other
d. Exert force on each other
5. The movement of electric
charges is known as_______?
a. Electrical resistance
b. Electric current
c. Electric power
d. Voltage
6. Electrons moves through
materials which called _______
a. Conductors
b. Generators
c. Insulators
d. Transformers
7. Electric current is measured
using the unit _______
a. Ampere
b. Ohm
c. Volt
d. Watt
8. Sources of voltage or EMF
include _______?
a. Conductors and Insulators
b. Batteries and Generators
c. Generators and Motors
d. Wires and Cables
9. Voltage is measured
using_______?
a. Electric meter
b. Ohmmeter
c. Ammeter
d. Voltmeter
10. Electrical Resistance
describe the force that _______?
a. Pulls the electric charges
b. Pushes the electric charges through the
insulators
c. Pushes the electric charges through conductors
d. Oppose the flow of electric charges in conductors
1. How much current flows in a fluorescent
lamp with a resistance of 20 ohms and
connected in a 200 volts power source?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Given
Formula
Solution/Substitution
Final Answer
2. What is the applied voltage to a 100
amps bulb with resistance of 10 ohms.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Given
Formula
Solution/Substitution
Final Answer
3. What is the Resistance or the amount of
opposition to a incandescent bulb with a current
flow of 20 amps and connected to a 400 volts
1.
2.
3.
4.
Given
Formula
Solution/Substitution
Final Answer
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION
FORMULA
NAMED AFTER
SYMBOL
FACTORS/
QUALITY
UNIT OF
MEASUREMENT
VOLTAGE
VOLTS
13. _______________
CURRENT
AMPERES
14. _______________
RESISTANCE
OHMS
15. _______________
E
I
R
1. Proton is ________
a. Neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Negatively charged
d. Either positive or negative
2. In a neutral atom, _______
a. Electrons and protons are equal and with the same
charge
b. Electrons and protons are equal but with different
charges
c. Electrons are greater in number than protons
d. Protons are greater in number than electrons
3. When atom gains an electron,
it becomes
a. Neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Negatively charged
d. Will not be affected
4. Objects with the same type of
charge
a. Repel one another
b. Attract one another
c. Do not affect each other
d. Exert force on each other
5. The movement of electric
charges is known as_______?
a. Electrical resistance
b. Electric current
c. Electric power
d. Voltage
6. Electrons moves through
materials which called _______
a. Conductors
b. Generators
c. Insulators
d. Transformers
7. Electric current is measured
using the unit _______
a. Ampere
b. Ohm
c. Volt
d. Watt
8. Sources of voltage or EMF
include _______?
a. Conductors and Insulators
b. Batteries and Generators
c. Generators and Motors
d. Wires and Cables
9. Voltage is measured is
using_______?
a. Electric meter
b. Ohmmeter
c. Ammeter
d. Voltmeter
10. Electrical Resistance
describe the force that _______?
a. Pulls the electric charges
b. Pushes the electric charges through the
insulators
c. Pushes the electric charges through conductors
d. Oppose the flow of electric charges in conductors
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION