ORAL CARE
Denice Laurene M. Mangaron
OBJECTIVES
At the end of a 30-minute discussion, the BSN 2 students will be able to:
a.describe the oral hygienic care that nurses provide to the clients;
b. recognize the importance of oral hygiene;
c. identify the purpose of oral hygiene; and
d. apply the skills in the nursing procedures of oral care.
WHAT IS HYGIENE?
Personal hygiene is the self-care by which people attend to such
functions as bathing, toileting, general body hygiene, and
grooming (Kozier & Erbs, 2016)
WHAT IS ORAL CARE?
Oral care is a practice of maintaining
the tissues and structures of the
mouth in healthy state.
COMMON PROBLEMS OF THE
MOUTH
Halitosis- Bad breath
Glossitis- Inflammation of the tongue
Gingivitis- Inflammation of the gums C
Cheilosis- Cracking of lips
Stomatitis- inflammation of the oral mucosa
Periodontal disease- gums appear spongy/ and bleeding
Dental caries- teeth have darkened areas; may be painful
PURPOSE OF ORAL CARE
To
To
To
To
To
To
To
To
cleanse the teeth of food residue and microorganisms.
maintain moisture and integrity of the tissue.
refresh the mouth.
improve the pleasure of eating.
prevent oral infection.
relieve discomfort from inflamed lesions.
prevent dental caries.
maintain or improve self–concept.
EQUIPMENTS
1. Toothbrush
2. Toothpaste
3. Emesis basin
4. Glass of water
5. Towel
6. Mouthwash (optional)
7. Dental floss (optional)
8. Petroleum jelly (optional)
9. Working gloves
A. INDEPENDENT PATIENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Identify the patient and explain the procedure.
Bring the equipment to the bedside
Provide privacy for the client.
Wash your hands and don gloves.
Arrange equipment within client’s reach.
Assist the patient to a sitting position if permitted or help him turn to one side.
Place the bath towel across the chest. Raise the bed to a comfortable working
position.
A. INDEPENDENT PATIENT
8. Encourage the patient to brush his own teeth or assist if necessary.
a. Moisten the toothbrush and apply toothpaste.
b. Place the brush at a 45 degree angle to the gum line and brush from the gum line to the
crown of each tooth. Brush the outer and inner surfaces of the teeth. Brush back and forth
across the biting surface of each tooth.
c. Brush the tongue gently with the toothbrush.
d. Have the patient rinse vigorously with water and spit into the emesis basin. Repeat until
clear.
e. Assist the patient to floss the teeth, if necessary.
f. Offer mouthwash if patient prefers.
A. INDEPENDENT PATIENT
9. If with denture, assist the patient with the removal (prior to brushing of teeth) and
cleansing of dentures if necessary.
a. Apply gentle pressure with a 4 x 4 gauze to grasp and remove the upper denture plate.
Place it immediately in a denture cup. Lift the lower denture using a slight rocking motion
and place in the denture cup.
b. If the patient prefers, add denture cleanser to the cup with water and follow the
package direction for cleaning, or brush all areas thoroughly with a toothbrush and
toothpaste.
c. Rinse dentures thoroughly with water in a basin spread with a wash cloth. Return denture
to the patient after cleaning it.
A. INDEPENDENT PATIENT
10. Apply petroleum jelly to the lips, if needed.
11. Assist the patient to a safe and comfortable position.
12. Do after care of the equipment
13. Remove gloves and dispose properly. Wash your hands.
14. .Record the procedure done and the patient’s responses.
B. DEPENDENT PATIENT
Equipment:
1. Toothbrush
2. Toothpaste
3. Kidney basin
4. A glass of water
5. Drinking straw
6. Towel
7. Padded tongue depressor
8. Mouthwash solution
9. Lubricating jelly
10. Working gloves
11. Cleansing agent (hydrogen peroxide at half
strength)
12.Suction apparatus with catheter (optional)
13. Asepto syringe (optional)
B. DEPENDENT PATIENT
Procedure:
1. Identify the patient and explain the procedure.
2. Bring the equipment to the bedside.
3. Provide privacy for the client.
4. Provide privacy for the client.
5. Adjust the height of the bed. Lower the side rail nearest you.
6. Position the patient on his side with his head turned toward the
nurse and tilted toward the mattress.
B. DEPENDENT PATIENT
7. Place a bath towel across the chest and a kidney basin in a
position under the client’s chin.
8. Open the mouth and gently insert a padded tongue depressor
between the back molars.
9. If the client has his natural teeth, clean them carefully with a
padded tongue blade moistened with mouthwash solution. Use a
gauze or padded tongue depressor moistened with hydrogen peroxide
to gently cleanse the gums, mucous membranes and tongue. Remove
dentures if present and clean.
B. DEPENDENT PATIENT
10.Rinse with small amount of water or use a padded tongue
depressor in mouthwash solution to rinse the oral cavity. Position
head to the side to allow return drainage of water or use saliva
ejector suction or asepto syringe.
11. Wipe dry the patient’s mouth.
12.Apply lubricating jelly to client’s lips.
13.Place client to a comfortable position. Leave patient in a lateral
position with head turned toward the side for 30 – 60 minutes after
oral hygiene. Remove the towel.
B. DEPENDENT PATIENT
14.Do after care.
15.Remove gloves and dispose properly. Wash your hands.
16. Document the procedure done and any unusual observations
including bleeding, inflammation, tartar, etc