Module 2
Performing Computer Operations Part I.
The learners demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles
in performing computer operations. (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4;Ii-j-9)
Before we begin exploring this module, I would like you to set aside other tasks that
will disturb you so you will enjoy and understand the lessons. Read and understand the
simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this learning kit. Enjoy!
1. Follow carefully all of the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this
module.
2. You can take note of concepts learned from this module so you can remember it
well.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module to assess learning progress.
4. Let your parents/guardian check your answers in the activities using the answer
key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the post test and apply what you have learned.
6. Have fun learning!
This module was designed to help you demonstrate an understanding of concepts
and underlying principles in performing computer operations.
After going through this learning module, you are expected to:
1. identify the components of computer and its function;
2. understand the steps to follow in word application;
3. perform word application within ergonomic guidelines;
4. get to know programs to be used to access information;
5. perform keyboarding techniques and shortcut keys;
6. produce output data using computer system
7. find out vital information using the internet.
8. apply maintenance to computer equipment and systems.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
1
Direction: Put a checked mark if the statement is correct and cross mark if it is wrong.
1. System unit is the brain of the computer.
2. Output device is any peripheral to provide data and control signals to an
information processing system.
3. Software is a set of instructions that guides the hardware to operate
effectively.
4. Software is split into two main types: the Input and Output devices.
5. To open a MS Word you have to look first to the application in the
desktop or in its storage location.
6. Using the Home Tab it allows you to format text.
7. Shortcut key CTRL+V means you can paste copied text.
8. The right lighting can reduce eyestrain, neck strain, and headaches when
using a computer.
9. Home row keys are A S D F J K L :.
10. www.google.com is an example of website that provides
information to users.
From your previous lesson, you have learned that tasks can be successfully done
through proper selection and use of hardware tools in accordance with the manufacturer’s
guidelines. In the previous lesson you have learned the different tools you can use to do
computer system service. There are four classifications of hardware tools that are
ElectroStatic Discharge, Hand Tools, Cleaning Tools and Diagnostic tools. Table 1 shows
the examples of tools and their classification.
Table 1: Hardware Tools and its Classification
Electro Static Discharge
Hand Tools
Cleaning Tools
Diagnostic Tools
1. Anti Static Wrist
1. Flat Head
1. Lint free cloth 1. Multimeter
Screwdriver
Strap
2. Anti Static Mat
2. Philips Head
Screwdriver
3. Torx Screwdriver
4. Hex driver
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
2. Compressed
Air
3. Cable ties
4. Parts
Organizer
2. Loopback
Adapter
Needle-nose plier
Wire cutter
Tweezers
Part retriever
Flashlight
You have the knowledge that these Hardware Tools are to be kept and maintained to
keep its functionality and so as the computer peripherals. Cleaning the tools daily or once
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
2
a week is a key to keep it in good condition. Proper storage would be beneficial to easily
locate tools when needed and for safety purposes.
Lesson 1: Understanding the Computer System
As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different
components of a computer system. These are the hardware, software and peopleware.
Each component plays an important role, without each other computer systems will not
work properly.
HARDWARE
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a
computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a
computer.
Major hardware components of a computer system
The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most PCs.
1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It
includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses,
Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards. A System unit is the brain of a computer. It is
responsible for all functions and processes.
Hardware has two categories: it can be an input or output device. Input device is
any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) to provide data and control signals
to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance.
On the other hand output device used to communicate the results of data processing
carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the
electronically generated information into human readable form
A. INPUT DEVICES
1. Keyboard - the primary input device used to communicate with the computer. A
computer keyboard closely resembles a conventional typewriter keyboard with the
addition of numerous keys that are used specifically for computing functions.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
3
2. Mouse - The mouse is another input device used to
point at objects on the computer monitor and select
them.
3. Touch Screen - A display screen that is sensitive to
the touch of a finger or stylus.
4. Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video
terminal used to draw pictures or select menu
options.
5. Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing tablet
used for sketching new images or tracing old
ones. Also called a "graphics tablet," the user
contacts the surface of the device with a wired
or wireless pen or puck.
6. Scanning Devices- A device that can read text
or illustrations printed on paper and translates
the information into a form which the computer
can use.
7. Microphone – It allows the user to speak to the computer in
order to record a voice message or navigate software.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
4
8. Web Camera – used in transmitting live images over the
World Wide Web.
B. OUTPUT DEVICES
1.
Monitor - It displays information in visual form,
using text and graphics. The portion of the monitor that
displays the information is called the screen or video
display terminal. There are 3 types of Monitor these are
the CRT, LCD and LED Monitors
2. LCD Projectors - utilize two sheets of polarizing
material with a liquid crystal solution between them.
An electric current passed through the liquid causes
the crystals to align so that light cannot pass through
them. Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either
allowing light to pass through or blocking the light.
3. Printer - - A device that prints text or illustrations on
paper. There are different types of printer, these are
Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer, Laser Printer, LCD and
LED Printer, Line Printer and Thermal Printer.
4. Speakers – It is used to play sound. They may
be built into the system unit or connected with
cables.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
5
SOFTWARE
The set of instructions (also called a program) that guides the hardware to operate
effectively. Software is split into two main types: System Software and Application
software.
Comparison of System Software and Application Software
Example
Interaction
Dependency
System Software
It is responsible for controlling,
integrating, and managing the
individual hardware components of
a computer system
1. Microsoft Windows
2. Linux
3. Unix
4. Mac OSX
5. DOS
Application Software
It is used to accomplish
specific tasks other than
just running the computer
system.
1. Microsoft Office
2. Google Chrome
3. Adobephotoshop
4. MySQL
5. Sony Vegas
Generally, users do not interact
with system software as it works in
the background.
System
software
can
run
independently of the application
software.
Users always interact with
application software while
doing different activities.
Application
software
cannot run without the
presence of the system
software.
PEOPLEWARE
It refers to people involved in the data processing operations such as the system
administrator, office workers, students and others.
Lesson 2: Word Application
Being able to use a word-processor is necessary in today’s society. Few people use
typewriters when a computer provides a better alternative. There are clear advantages of
using a word-processor compared to the usual method of writing on paper or typing with a
typewriter. Users should appreciate the use of a word-processor and be encouraged to use
it for most writing tasks.
A. OPENING A WORD APPLICATION
There are many ways to open a word application
✔ Use the start button, then select Microsoft office, and finally select
Microsoft word
✔ Use a shortcut on the desktop, double click the MS
WORD icon.
✔ Use the shortcut keys by pressing the windows
logo
from
the
keyboard
and letter R at the same time. A dialog
box
on
the
left
downside will appear, type the word “WINWORD” on the search bar and then
click the OK button.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
6
B. FORMATTING A WORD APPLICATION USING BARS
1. Title Bar
This bar is referred to the file name and the title of the program. In this case,
the program is called Microsoft Word.
Maximize - Enlarges the
application screen
Exit - Close the application
Shortcut key - Alt+F4
Minimize - Puts the application
down on the taskbar
2. Toolbar
It is located at the top of your computer screen. It displays various sections
that give you options for formatting, styling, and saving your document.
3. Home Tab
The Home Tab is Microsoft Word’s standard view. This is the view most
widely used and allows you to format text by Font Style, Font Size, Bold,
Italic, Underline, Alignment, Numbered List, Bulleted List, Indentation,
Spacing, and Font Color.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
7
4. Insert Tab
It contains any additives you want to place in your document, including but
not limited to: Tables, Online Picture/Clip Art searches, Headers, and
Footers. These icons are convenient and will bring up a dialogue box to give
you further options when clicked.
5. Design Tab
It contains different styles of page formatting. When you type, your layout will
automatically match the format selected. It also allows you to change the
color scheme, watermark, and paragraph spacing of the document.
6. Layout Tab
It contains icons for page setup and paragraph actions, such as Margin,
Orientation, Size and Columns.
7. References Tab
It makes especially simple to add Table of Contents, Footnotes, Bibliographic
Information, Indexes and Citations.
8. Mailings Tab
It is for post-office related uses. If you wanted to create custom Envelopes or
Labels, this is where you would find such actions.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
8
9. R9. Review Tab
This is where one can find Spelling & Grammar, the built in Thesaurus and
Dictionary, you can Track Changes, Check Word Count, and Show/Add
Comments.
10. View Tab
It allows you to change the views of your document.
C. SAVING THE DOCUMENT
Before you begin to type, you should
save your document. To do this, go to
File > Save As (Command + Shift + S).
Microsoft Word will open a dialog box
where you can specify the new file’s
name and location where you want it
saved. Once you have specified a name
and a place for your new file, press the
Save button.
D. COMPUTER ERGONOMICS
There
are
various
health
problems associated with the regular
use of computers, such as stress, eyestrain, and injuries to the wrists, neck, and
back. Employers must take steps to protect employees whose work involves the
regular use of computers.
Computer ergonomics is the discipline of matching the task to the worker
using the most appropriate equipment to optimize human well-being and overall
performance. This can be simplified to ―Modify the workplace, not the individual".
Have a look at these top tips to ensure that you work safely and comfortably
1. The right lighting can reduce eyestrain, neck strain, and headaches. Sunlight is
the best light, but make sure it doesn't create glare on your computer screen.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
9
2. The proper desk will let you find the perfect working position. It should be deep
enough to support your arms when you work at the computer.
3. Place your computer screen at eye-level or just below. For optimal comfort, set it
about 45 cm (18 in.) from your face.
4. Sit up straight in your chair. Keep your feet flat on the floor and your knees
slightly lower than your thighs.
5. Choose an office task chair that lets you tilt forward to reach objects in front of
you and backward to stretch your arms when you're tired.
6. When you type, hold your fingers, wrists, and lower arms in a straight line from
your keyboard.
7. Keep equipment that you use a lot, like your telephone and computer keyboard,
within a distance of about 75 cm (30 in.) when you're sitting at your desk. Keep
other storage and equipment farther away. This encourages you to change working
positions during the day.
Lesson 3: Selecting Program for a certain Task.
Programs are designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple
related tasks. Examples of application software programs are as follows:
1. Word processing software - Creates, edits, saves, and prints documents.
Examples: MS Word, WordPerfect, Ami Pro, MacWrite.
2. Spreadsheet software - An electronic spreadsheet consisting of rows and
columns are used to present and analyze data.
Examples: MS Excel, Lotus 123, Quattro Pro.
3. Database management software - Used to structure a database, a large collection
of computer programs. Data is organized as fields and records for easy retrieval.
Examples: MS Access, dBase, FoxPro, Oracle.
4. Graphic software - Graphics programs display results of data manipulation for
easier analysis and presentation.
Examples: Macromedia Flash, Harvard Graphics, 3D Studio Max, Adobe
Photoshop.
KEYBOARD TECHNIQUES
Touch typing is a technique for you to type documents quicker with accuracy using
your 10 fingers without looking at the keyboard. In the home key position, your fingers will
rest at the middle part of the keyboard. Place your fingers on the home row keys:
1. Place your left hand fingers on the keys A S D F
2. Place your right hand finger on the keys J K L ;
3. Both of your thumbs should rest lightly on the spacebar.
4. Keep your wrists straight and slightly curled your fingers.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
10
Note: You may feel bumps on the F and J keys that will help you locate home row keys
without looking at the keyboard.
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TLE 7/8 – CSS
AUTHOR: ALEGNA D. DE LLORO
Quarter 1-Week 2
TEAM LEADER: ROMEO N. PARAS
11