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The Science of
Organic Chemistry
Module 1
Organic Chemistry
Chem 14
Remmer L. Salas, LPT, MS
Department of Arts and Sciences
College of Teacher Education, Arts and
Sciences Visayas State University Tolosa
remmer.salas@vsu.edu.ph
1
CO1: Apply the concepts of organic structural
theory to explain & predict the physical properties &
chemical reactivity of organic acids & bases.
2
Lesson 1.1 Brief history of
organic chemistry
Torbern Bergman
(1770)
Jöns Jacob Berzelius
(1807)
1st to express the difference between
organic (living sources) & inorganic
compounds (derived from minerals)
 “vital force”
coined the term organic chemistry –
the study of compounds derived from
biological sources
LO1. Trace the history of organic chemistry.
LO2. Operationalize the definition of organic
chemistry. LO3. List general characteristics of
organic compounds. LO4. Describe the special
nature of carbon.
LO5. Explain the importance of organic chemistry.
3
4
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Michel Chevreul
(1816)
Friedrich Wohler
(1828)
August Kekulé
(May 1858)
Archibald Couper
(June 1858)
• independently proposed that carbon is tetravalent
• Kekule in 1865 suggested that carbon form rings
5
6
Jacobus van’t Hoff & Joseph Le Bel (1874)
proposed that the 4 bonds of carbon are oriented towards the
corners of regular tetrahedron
3
Gilbert Lewis (1916)
Robert Robinson
(1922)
1st to proposed covalent bonding
(e--sharing)
use curly arrows to show electron
movement
4
2
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c. Carbon form bonds w/ hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O),
sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) & halogens (X) such as F, Cl, Br & I
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
N
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
C
O
H
H
H
C
S
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
P
C
F
H
d. Isomerism – same molecular formula but different structures
e.g. C2H6O
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
O H
H
C
H
H
O
C
H
H
c. Carbon form bonds w/ hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O),
sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) & halogens (X) such as F, Cl, Br & I
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
N
H
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
C
O
H
H
H
C
S
H
H
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
P
C
F
H
d. Isomerism – same molecular formula but different structures
e.g. C2H6O
H
1
1
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
O H
H
C
H
H
O
C
H
H
12
3
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
straight
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
branched
H
H
cyclic
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Learning task 1.1: Importance of organic chemistry
Elements commonly found in organic compounds
List down at least five applications of organic chemistry available on the
comfort of your home. Choose one and explain how important it is in
your life.
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14
5