South America
Argentina
 Schultz, Kara D. “’The Kingdom of Angola is not Very Far from Here:’ The South
Atlantic Slave Port of Buenos Aires, 1585-1640.” Slavery & Abolition 36.3 (2015):
424-444.
Amazonia
 Bowser, Brenda J. “Captives in Amazonia: Becoming Kin in a Predatory
Landscape.” In Invisible Citizens: Captives and their Consequences, edited by
Catherine M. Cameron, 262-282. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2008.
 Fausto, C. “Of Enemies and Pets: Warfare and Shamanism in Amazonia.”
American Ethnologist 26.4 (1999): 933-956.
 Santos-Granero, Fernando. “Amerindian Torture Revisisted: Rituals of
Enslavement and Markers of Servitude in Tropical America.” Tipití, Journal of
the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America 3.2 (2005): 147-174.
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/216384662.pdf
Andes
 Montero, Raquel Gil. “Free and Unfree Labour in the Colonial Andes in the
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.” International Review of Social History 56,
suppl S19 (2011): 297-318.
 Noack, K., Nowack, K. “The Question of Slavery in the Inca State.” In Pargas, D.A.,
Schiel, J. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery throughout History.
Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-132605_11
 Pillsbury, Joanne, ed. Guide to documentary sources for Andean studies, 15301900. 3 vols. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008.
 Robins, Nicholas A. Mercury, Mining, and Empire: The Human and Ecological
Cost of Colonial Silver Mining in the Andes. Bloomington: Indiana University
Press, 2011.
 Rostworowski de Diez Canseco, Maria. History of the Inca Realm. Translated by
Harry Iceland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
 Rowe, J. H. “Inca Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest.” In Handbook of
South American Indians, edited by J. H. Steward, 2:183–330. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
 Scheter, Andrew and John Verano (eds). Embattled Bodies, Embattled Places:
War in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and the Andes. Washington, D.C. 2014.
Bolivia
 Larson, Brooke. Colonalism and Agrarian Transformation in Bolivia:
Cochabamba, 1550-1900. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998 [1988].
 Montero, Raquel Gil and Paula C. Zagalsky. “Colonial Organization of Mine
Labour in Charcas (Present-Day Bolivia) and its Consequences (Sixteenth to the
Seventeenth Centuries).” International Review of Social Hisotry 61.S24 (2016):
71-92.
Brazil
 Primary Sources
o Post, Frans, 1612-1680. 1656. Plantation Settlement in Brazil. Place:
Sammlung Thyssen-Bornemisza. https://library-artstororg.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822003834056.
o Post, Frans, 1612-1680. 1637-44. Sugar Mill. Place: Musées royaux des
beaux-arts de Belgique. https://library-artstororg.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822003070230.
o Staden, Hans. The True History of His Captivity 1557. Malcom Letts,
Editor and Translator. London; New York: Routledge Curzon, 2004.
 Botelho, Tarcisio R. “Labour Ideologies and Labour Relations in Colonial
Portuguese America, 1500-1700.” International Review of Social History 56
(2011): 275-296. doi:10.1017/S0020859011000435
 Caldeira, Arlindo Manuel. “Learning the Ropes in the Tropics: Slavery and the
Plantation System on the Island of São Tome.” African Economic History 39
(2011): 35-71.
 Chambouleyron, Rafael. “Indian Freedom and Indian Slavery in the Portuguese
Amazon.” In Building the Atlantic Empires: Unfree Labor and Imperial States in
the Political Economy of Capitalism, ca. 1500-1914, John Donoghue and Evelyn
P. Jennings, eds. Leiden: Brill, 2016, 54-71.
 Chambouleyron, Rafael. “The ‘Government of the Sertões and Indians:’
Aguardente, Sugar, and Indians in Colonial Amazonia (Seventeenth Century).”
The Americas 77.1 (2020): 3-39.
 da Silva, Daniel B. Domingues and Alexandre Vieira Ribeiro. “Amazonia and
North-East Brazil in the Atlantic Slave Trade; An Assessment of the Brazilian
Slave Trade North of Rio de Janeiro.” Atlantic Studies 17.4 (2020): 485-507.
 Marchant, Alexander. From Barter to Slavery: The Economic Relations of
Portuguese Indians in the Settlement of Brazil, 1500-1580. Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins University Press, 1942.
 Metcalf, Alida A. “Slavery.” In Alida A. Metcalf. Go-Betweens and the
Colonization of Brazil: 1500-1600. University of Texas Press, 2006, 157-193.
 Schwartz, Stuart B. Slaves, Peasants, and Rebels : Reconsidering Brazilian
Slavery. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.
 Schwartz, Stuart B. Sugar Plantations In the Formation of Brazilian Society:
Bahia, 1550-1835. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004 [1986].
Chile
 Bacigalupo, Ana Mariella. “The Struggle for Mapuche Shamans’ Masculinity:
Colonial Politics of Gender, Sexuality, and Power in Southern Chile.”
Ethnohistory 51.3 (2004): 489-533.
Colombia
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Chamberlain, Willian. “Silencing Genocide: The Jesuit Ministry in Colonial
Cartagena de Indias and Its Legacy.” Journal of Black Studies 49.7 (2018): 672693.
Echeverri, Marcela. “’Enraged to the Limit of Despair:’ Infanticide and Slave
Judicial Strategies in Barbacoas, 1788-98.” Slavery and Abolition 30.3 (2009:
403-426.
Lane, Kris. “The Transition from Encomienda to Slavery in Seventeenth-Century
Barbacoas (Colombia).” Slavery & Abolition 21.1 (2000): 73-95.
McKnight, Kathryn Joy. “Confronted Rituals: Spanish Colonial and Angolan
‘Maroon’ Executions in Cartagena de Indias (1634).” Journal of Colonialism and
Colonial History 5.3 (2004): np.
Newson, Linda A. & Susie Minchin. “Slave Mortality and African Origins: A View
from Cartagena, Colombia, in the Early Seventeenth Century.” Slavery &
Abolition 25.3 (2004): 18-43.
Silva Campo, Ana María. “Through the Gate of the Media Luna: Slavery and the
Geographies of Legal Status in Colonial Cartagena De Indias.” Hispanic
American Historical Review 100.3 (2020): 391-421.
Ecuador
 Bryant, Sherwin K. Rivers of Gold: Lives of Bondage: Governing through
Slavery in Colonial Quito. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press,
2014.
 Lane, Kris. Quito 1599: City and Colony in Transition. Albuquerque: University
of New Mexico Press, 2002.
 Medina, Charles Beatty. “Caught Between Rivals: The Spanish-African Maroon
Competition for Captive Indian Labor in the Region of Esmeraldas During the
Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries.” The Americas 63, no. 1 (2006):
113–136.
General
 Brown, Kendall W. A History of Mining in Latin America: From the Colonial
Era to the Present. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2012.
 Fragoso, João and Ana Rios. “Slavery and Politics in Colonial Portuguese
America: The Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries.” In The Cambridge World
History of Slavery, vol. 3, AD 1420 – AD 1804, edited by David Eltis and Stanley
Engerman, 350-377. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
 Fromont, Cécile. “Paper, Ink, Vodun, and the Inquisition: Tracing Power, Slavery,
and Witchcraft in the Early Modern Portuguese Atlantic.” Journal of the
American Academy of Religion 88.2 (2020): 460-504.
 Newson, Linda A. and Susie Minchin. From Capture to Sale: The Portuguese
Slave Trade to Spanish South America in the Early Seventeenth Century.
Leiden: Brill, 2007.
 Phillips, William D., Jr. “Slavery in the Atlantic Islands and the Early Modern
Spanish Atlantic World.” In The Cambridge World History of Slavery, vol. 3, AD
1420 – AD 1804, edited by David Eltis and Stanley Engerman, 325-349.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
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Santos-Granero, Fernando. Vital Enemies: Slavery, Predation and the
Amerindian Political Economy of Life. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2009.
Townsend, Camilla. “Slavery in Precontact America.” In The Cambridge World
History of Slavery, vol. 2, AD 500 – AD 1420, ed. Craig Perry, David Eltis,
Stanley Engerman, and David Richardson, 553-570. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2021.
Whitehead, Neil. “Indigenous Slavery in South America, 1492-1820.” In The
Cambridge World History of Slavery, vol. 3, AD 1420 – AD 1804, edited by
David Eltis and Stanley Engerman, 248-274. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2011.
Peru
 Arrelucea-Barrantes, Maribel. “Work, Family, and Honor: Understanding
Colonial Slavery in Peru.” Review (Fernand Braudel Center) 35, no. 3, 4 (2012):
273-296.
 Bourget, Steve. “Rituals of Sacrifice: Its Practice at Huaca de la Luna and Its
Representation in Moche Iconography.” In Moche Art and Archaeology in
Ancient Peru, edited by Joanne Pillsbury, 88-109. Washington, DC: National
Gallery of Art, 2001.
 Brockington, Lolita Gutiérrez. “The African Diaspora in the Eastern Andes:
Adaptation, Agency, and Fugutive Action, 1573-1677.” The Americas 57.2 (2000):
207-224.
 Brosseder, Claudia. The Power of Huacas: Change and Resistance in the Andean
World of Colonial Peru. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2014.
 Cole, Jeffrey A. The Potosí Mita, 1573-1700: Compulsory Indian Labor in the
Andes. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1985.
 Donnan, Christopher B., and Donna McClelland. Moche Fineline Painting: Its
Evolution and Its Artists. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History, 1999.
 Graubart, Karen B. With Our Labor and Sweat: Indigenous Women and the
Formation of Colonial Society in Peru, 1550-1700. Stanford: Stanford Universty
Press, 2007.
 Latasa, Pilar. “’If They Remained as Mere Words:’ Trent, Marriage, and Freedom
in the Viceroyalty of Peru, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries.” The Americas 73.1
(2016): 13-38.
 Prieto, Gabriel, John W. Verano, Nicolas Goepfert, Douglas Kennett, Jeffrey
Quilter, Steven LeBlanc, and Lars Fehren-Schmitz, et al. “A mass sacrifice of
children and camelids at the Huanchaquito-Las Llamas site, Moche Valley, Peru.”
PLoS ONE 14, no. 3 (2019).
 Tung, Tiffany A., and Kelly J Knudson. “Identifying locals, migrants, and captives
in the Wari Heartland: A bioarchaeological and biogeochemical study of human
remains from Conchopata, Peru.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 30,
no. 3 (2011): 247-261.
 Tung, Tiffiny. “Violence Against Women: Differential Treatment of Local and
Foreign Females in the Heartland of the Wari Empire, Peru.” In The
Bioarchaeology of Violence, ed. Debra Martin, Ryan Harrod, and Ventura Pérez,
180-198. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.

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Verano, John W. “Communality and Diversity in Moche Human Sacrifice.” In
The Art and Archeology of the Moche, edited by Steve Bourget and Kimberly L.
Jones, 195-213. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 2008.
Verano, John W. and Sara S. Phillips. “The Killing of Captives on the North Coast
of Peru in Pre-Hispanic Times: Iconographic and Bioarchaeological Evidence.” In
Ritual Violence in the Ancient Andes: Reconstructing Sacrifice on the North
coast of Peru. Edited by Haagen D Klaus and J. Marla Toyne. Austin: University
of Texas Press, 2016.
Suriname
 Primary Sources
o Behn, Aphra, 1640-1680. Orronoko, Or, the Royal Slave: A True History /
by Mrs. A. Behn. London, 1688.
http://login.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/b
ooks/oroonoko-royal-slave-true-history-mrsbehn/docview/2240918305/se-2?accountid=4485
Venezuela
 Laviña, Javier and Michael Zeuske. “Failures of Atlantization: First Slaveries in
Venezuela and Nueva Granada.” Review (Fernand Braudel Center) 31.3 (2008):
297-342.
 Stone, Erin. “Slave Raiders vs. Friars: Tierra Firme, 1513-1522.” The Americas
74.2 (2017): 139-170.