 In 1977 the voyager 1 and voyager 2
space probes were launched on
mission to explore the farthest reaches
of our solar system. By now, both have
reached the borders of our solar
system and are poised to exit into
interstellar space.
They carry the Golden Record, a
compilation of recordings intended
a messages to possible intelligent
life forms in the cosmos. Included in
the Record are messages, images ,
and sounds of the earth , and a
description of humans.
Imagine that you are tasked to write
a description of the human species
for the Golden Record, how will you
describe human beings to aliens?
Copy the box and write the
description.
HELLO, WE ARE THE HUMANS OF EARTH
 The human person is an important
subject in philosophy and an
understanding of the nature and
condition of the person is on foremost
goal of the discipline.
 Philosophers have long pondered
human nature, what it means to be
human, and what sets us apart from
other beings and things in existence.
 We often ask ourselves, “What makes
us special?” Pondering our human
nature allows us to determine the
special traits that make us humans
unique as a species.
Further reflection on our nature as
humans will also help us figure out what
makes us special as individuals and how
this uniqueness is shared with our fellow
human beings.
Man
 is the general term commonly
used to refer to the entire human
race. Other related terms include
humanity, mankind, and
humankind.
 Human
refers to man as a species – Homo
sapiens sapiens or modern human
beings.
 human being
term used to distinguish man from
other animals.
 Person
 much more complex term which generally
refers to human being granted recognition of
certain rights, protection, responsibilities, and
dignity, above all. Philosophers refer to the
human person as the totality of an individual,
possessing awareness, self-determination,
and capacity to interact with others and with
himself or herself.
 Personhood
refers to the state of being a person
 Human nature
refers to the characteristics that
distinguish humans from all other
creatures. These traits are assumed to
arise independent of the influence of
culture and society.
Human nature
Example of these traits include thinking,
feeling, and acting. These traits are
considered to form the essence of
humanity, and without them, an
individual may not be considered a
human person.

The most basic definition of a human
being relates to the nature of humans as
animals. Philosophers, however, believe
that the human beings is not just a mere
animal. There is something in the human
individual that sets him or her apart from
other beings. These special traits make a
human a distinct individual person.

Both are used
interchangeably

Every human( everyman,
woman, and child)is a
person.

Person ,was later used to
refer to the “character” itself.
Self-awareness
• the first trait that defines a person.
• refers to the person having a clear
perception of one self including his or her
thoughts, emotions, identity, and
actions.
Self-awareness
Human awareness goes beyond
perception and reaction to the
environment.
The human person defined by a deeperawareness which is driven by
“rationality” or “human thought”.
-A person is aware of both his or her
surroundings and himself or herself.
- A human person knows that he or she is
living an experience and is an active
participant in this experience.
- This awareness gives rise to the notion
of the “self”, which philosophers
describe as the person who is actively
aware that he or she is perceiving and
experiencing reality.
I am a person.
I am alive.
I exist.
I am here. I am present.
I am living at this very moment.
Do you believe these statements are
true?
This awareness of self also enables us
persons to experience “inner world”
defined by our personal thoughts and
ideas. The fact that we can daydream,
lost in our thoughts, imagine, fantasize,
and reflect shows that we are able to
reach within ourselves and experience
interiority.
Interiority
quality of being focused on one’s inner
life and identity.
enables person to exercise creativity.
Example: imagine the sky in different
colors, draw fantastic animals and
landscapes, new music, and think of
lyrics to a song.
Self-determination
refers to the capability of person to
make choices and decisions on their
own preferences , monitor and
regulate their actions , and be goaloriented and self directed.
Free will
 the capacity to choose a course of
actions from various alternative. The
existence of free will enables a person to
act willfully, control his or her actions,
recognize himself or herself as the source
of action.
Example: I do this of my own free will
Consequence
A discussion of self-determination and
free will eventually leads to a
discussion of consequence
 it is the result or effect of an action or
condition. As person we are aware
that each action we perform has a
consequence
Morality
 The degree to which something is
right and good: the Goodness or
badness of an act.
 Beliefs about what is right behavior
and what is wrong behavior.
Externality
the capability to reach out and to
interact with others and the world
Dignity
the quality of being worthy of honor
or respect
Pointed out the dual
nature of the human
person based on his
“two-world theory”
 Presented that the
human person has two
different aspects- the
(1) body and the (2)
soul

Philosophers asked what enables
humans to have a sense of self and
the traits that define person.
To find the answer, philosophers
began to ponder the essential
nature of the human being.
first question whether or not the
person is truly defined by his or her
body and what he or she
experiences through the senses.
This emphasis on physicality is
seen when we describe ourselves
as “tall” or someone with “brown
hair” and “brown eyes”
our body is not the only thing that
defines us
person cannot be simply reduced
to his or her physical body.
Spirit
enables us to exercise thought,
posses awareness, interiority, and
the capacity to reach out to the
outside world and other persons
Philosophers consider the human
person as defined by the union of
the body and the spirit.
The human person is an embodied
spirit.
The body and the spirit are not only
united, but they are also integrated
with each other.
Embodiment enables us to do and
experience all the things that make us
human person.
Whatever affects the body also affect
the spirit, and this unique trait of the
person enables him or her to
experience both the physical world
and the spiritual world.
To understand embodiment, let us talk
about love.
We love not just with the heart nor
with the brain, we love another
person with our entire being.
Embodiment, therefore, is the one
thing that enables us to feel love and
love others.
Experience is also a product of
embodiment.
Meaningful experience (happy
moment)
Though the nature of the person as
an embodied spirit provides
numerous opportunities to explore
everything around us and even
within us, our human nature still
imposes limitations.
Transcendence
The ability to surpass limits, and it
also one important trait to
distinguishes the human person
from other beings in existence.
Joey: I keep getting a bad score in our
Math test!
Alan: Hey, 30 out of 40 isn't that bad! is
a higher result than what you got last
week, right?
Joey: I know! but i really want to score
higher next time.
Maria: So, Jenny, how's basketball practice?
Jenny: It's going great, thanks for asking!
Maria:You know, the provincial athletic
meet is just a few weeks away...
Jenny:Yes! and we're pretty excited about it!
The team is really trying their best to be
better than last year's. Last years runner-up
win was nice, but we want the championship
cup this year.
David: I'm really interested in taking this job.
But this means that i'll be moving to Manila!
Mario: Didn't you tell me that it has been
your ambition to work at the most
prestigious architectural firm in the country?
of course you have to go for it!
David: I know, but i can't imagine leaving my
family and friend behind! This will be a new
experience for me.
Based on the dialogues, the following are the
personal limits experienced by this individuals.
Joey-Gets low scores in his math tests
Jenny-Her basketball team was runner-up in
last year's provincial athlethic meet.
Mario-cannot imagine leaving his province
and moving to Manila.
Joey's limit is related to the capabilities of
the mind in performing well in math tests.
 Jenny's limit is related to her ability to
play basketball and lead her team to win.
 Mario's challenge is commiting to a
decision to leave behind his life in the
province for new oppotunities in manila.


Philosophy gives us usefull tools to explore
our limitations and possibilities for
transcendence. The essence of
transcendence is to acknowledge our
limitation, identify possibilities for
development, and change ourselves for
the better it maybe a phisycal or
behavioral change such as trying a new
sport or hobby or adopting a healthier
lifestyle.
We are able to transcend our limits
trough our physical and mental
abilities .
Our ability to transcend drives us to
become better person and to
improve ourselves in every way.
 The human being is recognized not
only as a distinct species- Homo
sapiens sapiens, but as a unique
being, an individual person
possessing awareness of the self.
 The Human person possesses self-
awareness which refer to the
awareness of oneself as an active
participant in reality. A person is aware
not only his or her surrounding or
reality but also of himself or herself as
a participant in this reality.
•
The sense o self enables a person
to look within or herself and
experience interiority. Selfawareness also enables a person to
reach out to other person and
establish meaningful relationships
with them.
•
Another trait that defines a human
person is self-determination. This
refers to the awareness of one
one's action and the notion that
oneself is the source of an action.
•
A human person is able to reach out
and interact with others. Man is a
social being and a person has a natural
tendency to establish relationship with
other people. These interaction define
our existence and enable has to
develop.
•
A human person has dignity, which is
the recognition that each person has a
worth and value that go beyond
quantifiable terms.
•
Our human nature makes transcendence
possible. It refer to our ability to explore and
surpass our limits we are able to transcend
our limit through our physical and mental
abilities. Our ability to transcend drives is to
become better person and to improve
ourselves in every way. We can also transcend
our own selves , When we govern ourselves
towards what is proper to our nature as a
person.
 The human person is an embodied
spirit. This means that both the
human body and the spirit define
human nature and the experience.
The body and the spirit come together
to form a whole, and this integration
defines the embodiment of the
person.
Assignment:
Research on an individual who has
overcome his or her limitations to
great success. Identify the factors
that made that individual successful.
Present your work as a report in
class.
MANNY
PACQUIAO
Manny Pacquiao, popularly known as Pac-Man, is a
Filipino boxer, media celebrity, and politician. He is
the first and the only eight-division boxing champion
in the world. Pacquiao has won many world titles and
is also the first boxer to win lineal championships in
four separate categories. His rise from poverty to
world-wide fame is a remarkable story. Pacquiao is
immensely popular in the Philippines and stars in
movies, advertisements, TV shows, and even has his
image on a postage stamp. ‘The Ring’ magazine has
named him ‘Fighter of the Year’ three times. Some of
the biggest sporting news and boxing websites like
ESPN, ‘Sports Illustrated,’ ‘Sporting Life,’ ‘Yahoo!
Sports,’ and ‘BoxRec’ have rated him the best poundfor-pound boxer in the world.
End of Lesson 3
Thank you!!