FILIPINO SOCIAL
THINKERS
1. JOSE RIZAL
(REFORMIST)
 Intelligence is the solution
to the ills of the country.
 Their
consciousness
should be freed from
fanaticism,
docility,
inferiority,
and
hopelessness.
 He started La Liga Filipina
with the job of enlightening
the minds of the people.
 Believed in Agnostic Deism
– the view that God created
the universe with its law,
never to interfere with it again
 •“Human problems are
irrational human creations
and can be solved through
rational solutions. If reason
commits mistakes, only
reason can correct them.”
 “What is the use of
independence if the slaves of
today will be the
tyrants of tomorrow?”
2.
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3.
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ANDRES
BONIFACIO
(REVOLUTIO
NIST)
Founded Katipunan/KKK.
(Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan)
His philosophy of
revolution was published in
the revolutionary
newspaper, “Kalayaan”
Transformed the blood
compact (sandugo) as a
kinship contract.
According to him, a
revolution of war is
justified when there is
breach of contract.
EMILIO JACINTO
(REVOLUTIONIST)
He capitalized on the idea of
a free reign of reason, of the
freedom to think and do,
rather than the freedom to
will and do.
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4.
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5.
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“In a colonial situation where
both will and thinking are
suppressed, where intellectual
fanaticism is the rule, where
one’s will is conditioned to
submit to tyranny, it is
intellectual liberty that comes
primary.”
Filipinos must get rid of
slavery; must embrace
liberty again with a price, a
bloody revolution.
MANUEL LUIS QUEZON
(POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER)
Political pragmatism &
political operation for an
eventual Philippine
independence
•Political Pragmatism – “one
must fight for a goal but if
obstacles towards that goal
are difficult to summon then
one must fall back to an
alternative that is better than
nothing provided it’s in the
right
direction.”
Believed in Social
Darwinism –
governments are
products of political
struggles for survival.
“Partyless Democracy” –
political parties influence the
politician, the people.
Believed in the
democratization of education
for all, national language,
and justice.
Equal access to essential raw
materials.
JOSE P. LAUREL
(POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER)
Individuals cannot forever
remain in solitude.
Social differences
“Human rights cannot be
guaranteed unless the
citizens first do their
obligations towards the
state.”
FILIPINO SOCIAL
THINKERS
1. JOSE RIZAL
(REFORMIST)
 Intelligence is the solution
to the ills of the country.
 Their
consciousness
should be freed from
fanaticism,
docility,
inferiority,
and
hopelessness.
 He started La Liga Filipina
with the job of enlightening
the minds of the people.
 Believed in Agnostic Deism
– the view that God created
the universe with its law,
never to interfere with it again
 •“Human problems are
irrational human creations
and can be solved through
rational solutions. If reason
commits mistakes, only
reason can correct them.”
 “What is the use of
independence if the slaves of
today will be the
tyrants of tomorrow?”
2.




3.

ANDRES
BONIFACIO
(REVOLUTIO
NIST)
Founded Katipunan/KKK.
(Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan)
His philosophy of
revolution was published in
the revolutionary
newspaper , “Kalayaan”
Transformed the blood
compact (sandugo) as a
kinship contract.
According to him, a
revolution of war is
justified when there is
breach of contract.
EMILIO JACINTO
(REVOLUTIONIST)
He capitalized on the idea of
a free reign of reason, of the
freedom to think and do,
rather than the freedom to
will and do.

6.


“Good governance is
founded on righteousness and
foreign relations must be
based on full reciprocal rights
and privileges between and
among nations.”
RENATO
CONSTANTINO
(NATIONALIST)
Colonial experience has
developed a captive
consciousness. An effect of
this “crab mentality”. This is
the tendency to those on top
of the hierarchy to push
those below while those
below to pull down those up
above.
“When one makes a
nationalist choice, he or she
chooses not for himself or
herself alone but for the
entire nation as well.”


To “exist” is to “stand out.”
To “exist” is “to make a
difference.”
10.
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11.
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12.
7.
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R. ESQUIREL
EMBUSCADO
(DISSECTIONIST)
As a painter, he believed
that the task of an authentic
artist is to cut the umbilical
cord of the past, to make use
of the present, and to protect
that present to the open
future. He called this art of
“dissectionism.”
True art must not be partoriented, but present-future
oriented.
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13.
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14.
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8.
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9.
CIRILO BAUTISTA
(POLITICAL
THEORIST)
“Rubber Toner” – a poem
“History can be read as a
poem in the same way a
poem can be read as
history.”
CLARO
R.
CENTEZA
(META PHYSICIAN)

ROLANDO M.
GRIPALDO
(CIRCUMSTANTI
A LIST)
“free choice” - Choices are
done in situations, which are
of 2 broad types: rational and
nonrational.
ISABELO DELOS
REYES (LABOR
ACTIVIST/
ANTHROPOLOGIST)
Father of Filipino Socialism
Initiated labor strikes
against American
business firms
•Founded ‘El Ilocano’ •He
organized the first labor
union, Union Obrera
Democratica Filipina
Mother Tongue based
Multilingual Education
TEODORO M. KALAW
Published Cinko Reglas de
Nuestra Moral Antigua
CAMILO OSIAS
“TAYO” concept
Believes that education must
secure for every Filipino the
fullest measure of efficiency,
freedom, and happiness
VICENTE SINCO,
FRANCISCO
DALUPAN,
CONRADO AQUINO
Liberal Education – an
approach to learning that
empowers individuals and
repairs them to deal with
complexity, diversity, and
change.
Sinco envisioned the need for
well- trained teachers as one
of the essential factors to
improve the quality of the
educational program in
schools.

6.


“Good governance is
founded on righteousness and
foreign relations must be
based on full reciprocal rights
and privileges between and
among nations.”
RENATO
CONSTANTINO
(NATIONALIST)
Colonial experience has
developed a captive
consciousness. An effect of
this “crab mentality”. This is
the tendency to those on top
of the hierarchy to push
those below while those
below to pull down those up
above.
“When one makes a
nationalist choice, he or she
chooses not for himself or
herself alone but for the
entire nation as well.”


To “exist” is to “stand out.”
To “exist” is “to make a
difference.”
10.

11.




12.
7.


8.


9.
R. ESQUIREL
EMBUSCADO
(DISSECTIONIST)
As a painter, he believed
that the task of an authentic
artist is to cut the umbilical
cord of the past, to make use
of the present, and to protect
that present to the open
future. He called this art of
“dissectionism.”
True art must not be partoriented, but present-future
oriented.
CIRILO BAUTISTA
(POLITICAL
THEORIST)
“Rubber Toner” – a poem
“History can be read as a
poem in the same way a
poem can be read as
history.”
CLARO
R.
CENTEZA
(META PHYSICIAN)

13.


14.


ROLANDO M.
GRIPALDO
(CIRCUMSTANT
IA LIST)
“free choice” - Choices are
done in situations, which are
of 2 broad types: rational
and nonrational.
ISABELO DELOS
REYES (LABOR
ACTIVIST/
ANTHROPOLOGIST)
Father of Filipino Socialism
Initiated labor strikes
against American
business firms
•Founded ‘El Ilocano’ •He
organized the first labor
union, Union Obrera
Democratica Filipina
Mother Tongue based
Multilingual Education
TEODORO M. KALAW
Published Cinko Reglas de
Nuestra Moral Antigua
CAMILO OSIAS
“TAYO” concept
Believes that education
must secure for every
Filipino the fullest measure
of efficiency, freedom, and
happiness
VICENTE SINCO,
FRANCISCO
DALUPAN,
CONRADO AQUINO
Liberal Education – an
approach to learning that
empowers individuals and
repairs them to deal with
complexity, diversity, and
change.
Sinco envisioned the need
for well- trained teachers as
one of the essential factors to
improve the quality of the
educational program in