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ERICSSON
Ericsson BSS
Introduction for
Optimization
and Planning
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
m_r_tanha@yahoo.com
+989155132368
1
Contents
Introduction
Type of BTS
Connect to BTS
Connect to BSS
Alex
Frequency Hopping
Multi Band (Common BCCH)
Cell Load Sharing (CLS)
Channel Administration
Hierarchical Cell Structure
AMR
BTS and MS Power Control
Idle Mode Behavior
Some Important Commands
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
2
Introduction
This presentation is designed to provide an introduction to
the planning, optimization and implementation processes
in 2G Ericsson networks.
However, this file tries to explain and mention the most
important things that a RF engineer needs to know for
Network Optimization along with some examples.
As a matter of fact, this topic is prepared for engineer that
has good knowledge about GSM and optimization but
he/she are not familiar with Ericsson BSS networks.
BACK TO MAIN MENU
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
3
TYPE OF BTS
BACK TO MAIN MENU
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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Types of RBS
RBS 6000
series
 RBS 6101
 RBS 6201
 RBS 6301
 RBS 6601
 RBS 6102
 RBS 6202
 ….
RBS 2000
Series
 RBS 2111
 RBS 2216
 RBS 2308
 RBS 2116
 RBS 2206
 RBS 2202
 RBS 2106
 …
RBS 3000
Series
 RBS 3216
 RBS 3116
 RBS 3206
 RBS 3106
 …
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
5
2000 RBS Overview (2202)
•IDM (Internal Distributed
Module)
•Power Supply Unit (PSU)
•ECU(Energy Control Unit)
•CDU(Combining and
Distributed Unit)
• DXU (Distribution Switch Unit)
•TRU (Transciever Unit)
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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2000 RBS units function
DXU
TRU
CDU
ECU
PSU
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RBS 6000 Overview
•Support Control Unit (SCU)
•Support Hub Unit (SHU)
• Power Distribution Unit (PDU)
• Power Connection Unit (PCU)
• Battery Fuse Unit (BFU)
• Power Supply Unit (PSU)
•Power Filter Unit (PFU)
•Support Alarm Unit (SAU)
•Power Connection Filter (PCF)
•Surge Protection Device (SPD)
•Digital Unit (DU)
•Radio Unit (RU)
•Digital Baseband Advanced (DBA)
•Channel Element Expansion Module
(CEEM)
•AuXiliary Multiplexing Unit (XMU)
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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DU (Digital Unit)
The DU has the following functions:
 Timing function
 Loadable software (from Flash Card)
 Radio interface
 Transmission handling
 External synchronization
 Tower Mounted Amplifier Control Module
(TMA-CM) (only for DUG 10 01)
Type of DU
 The DUG 10 01 uses the architecture from RBS
2000
 The DUG 20 01 uses the same architecture as
the other radio standards in RBS 6000
(WCDMA and LTE)
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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RU (Radio Unit)
The RUS has the following functions:
•Transceiving Receiving Processing (TRP)
•Uplink and downlink filtering
•Power Amplifier (PA) functions Up to four carriers
downlink and uplink with 2-RX diversity (valid for RUS 01)
•Up to eight carriers downlink and uplink with 2-RX
diversity (valid for RUS 02)
The RUG has the following functions:
•Timing reference function by Local Timing Unit (LTU)
•Transmitter Combining
•UC/HC connector supervision
•Output Power Supervision function
•DC/DC function
•Tower Mounted Amplifier Control Module (TMA-CM)
Power
RU<t> <gg> <bb>
t = G | L | W | S; G for GSM, L for LTE, W
for WCDMA, S for Multi-standard
gg = generation; 01 and so on
bb = 3GPP band; B1 and so on
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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Supported Radio Configurations
Configuration in each
RBS is depended on
which RBB and DBB is
used.
RBBs: Radio Building
Block is a unique way of
combining either RUs,
RRUs
DBBs: Digital Building
Blocks are one or two
DUs with defined
connections to the
RBBs in each sector
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
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Configuration Fore Single Standard
Base Station
RBB
Number of
RUs per
Sector
RBB11_1A
1
2× RBB11_1A
RBB11_1A + RBB32_3B
2
4
RBB32_3A
3
2× RBB32_3A
6
RBB43_4A
4
Maximum Total
Number of
Carriers
DBB
12
12
24
24
48
12
36
24
48
36
48
12
24
36
DBB10_01
DBB10_02
2× DBB10_01
2× DBB10_01
DBB10_01 + 3× DBB10_44
DBB10_44
3× DBB10_44
2× DBB10_44
4× DBB10_44
3× DBB10_44
4× DBB10_44
DBB10_45
2× DBB10_45
3× DBB10_45
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Multi-standard Configurations
A multi-standard RBS supports installation of nodes
of different radio access systems in the same
cabinet. In a multi-standard RBS, the support
system is shared between the nodes in the cabinet.
Each radio access system node is managed
separately using its own radio standard tools, but
only the primary node controls and supervises the
support system. Multi-standard configurations can
be either single mode or mixed mode
configurations.
 Single Mode
 Mixed Mode
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Single Mode
Single mode allows an RBS to be configured
with different radio access systems within the
same cabinet.
Single mode allows the following combination
of radio access systems:
 GSM and WCDMA
 GSM and LTE
 WCDMA and LTE
 LTE and CDMA
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Mixed Mode
Mixed mode allows nodes of different radio
standards within a cabinet to share radio and
antenna resources.
Mixed mode allows the following combination
of radio access systems:
 GSM and WCDMA
 GSM and LTE
 WCDMA and LTE
 LTE and CDMA
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Single and Multi Standard
Radio
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Remote Radio Unit (RRU)
Remote Radio Unit (RRU) is
often used as a generic
expression for a remotely
installed Radio Unit (RU).
•The RRUS remotely extends
the reach of the RBS by up to
40 km
•A fiber optic cable connects
the RRUS
•The RRUSs can be connected
in a star configuration or in a
cascade configuration
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CONNECT TO
BTS
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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LMT and OMT Interface
The client is connected to the
cabinet for configuration and
service purposes.
In WCDMA the site LAN is used to
communicate with the RBS
Element Manager (EM). In LTE and
CDMA the Local Maintenance
Terminal (LMT) is used to
communicate with the RBS EM. In
GSM the site LAN is used to
communicate with the Operation
and Maintenance Terminal (OMT).
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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
TERMINAL (OMT)
OMT is a software tool
specifically designed for
the RBSs
It is used to perform a
number of Operation and
Maintenance
tasks on site or remotely
from the BSC. OMT is a
PC program
that runs under Microsoft
Windows
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OMT Task
•Monitoring
the cabinets
Internal Alarms in the
troubleshooting process,
•performing
(Installation
operations
Data
IDB
Base)
•Defining
the
External
Alarms and Antenna Related
Auxiliary Equipment
•(ARAE)
•Monitor the hardware and
configuration status of the
RUs in the cabinet
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CONNECT TO BSS
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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WinFIOL
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WinFIOL Setting
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ALEX
(ACTIVE LIBRARY EXPLORER)
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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ALEX (Active Library Explorer)
•By this Software we can
find all information
about ERICSSON .
•We must add new
library
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ADD LIBRARY TO ALEX
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BSS
Structure Connections and Commands
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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BSC/TRC BASIC CONCEPTS
GROUP SWITCH (GS)
Switching Network
Terminal (SNT)
Device (DEV)
EXCHANGE TERMINAL
CIRCUIT (ETC)
Digital Path (DIP)
RTS A-Bis interface Line
Terminal (RBLT)
Radio Transmission &
Transport Subsystem
(RTS)
RTS A-interface Line
Terminal (RALT)
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Figure below shows the different names of the PCM link devices
in the three types of BSS implementation.
RALT /RBLT 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to PDH network
RALT15 / RBLT15 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to SDH network, 7-board ET155
RALT2 / RBLT2 64 kbit/s device on E1, connected to SDH network, 1-board ET155
RALT24 / RBLT24 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to PDH network
RALT3 / RBLT3 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to SONET network, 1-board ET155
RALT96 / RBLT96 64 kbit/s device on T1, connected to 24/96 channel ET (PDH)
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MO (Manage Objected)
MO
Equipment in the BTS is
seen in the BSC as
Managed Objects (MOs).
Blocking state of MO:
BLA : Blocked due to activity needed
BLL : Load in progress
BLO : Blocked automatically
BLT : Blocked due to testing
MBL : Manually blocked
FORMAT
TG
Transceiver Group
RXOTG-tg
CF
Central Functions
RXOCF-tg
IS
Interface Switch
RXOIS-tg
CON
Concentrator
RXOCON-tg
DP
Digital Path
RXODP-tg-ldp
TF
Timing Function
RXOTF-tg
MCTR
Multi Carrier
Transceiver
Transceiver Carrier
RXOMCTR-tg-lmctr
TX
Transmitter
RXOTX-tg-ltrxc
RX
Receiver
RXORX-tg-ltrxc
TS
Time Slot
RXOTS-tg-ltrxc-lts
TRXC
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
RXOTRX-tg-ltrxc
31
TG , Code-Site and Channel Group Connection Data

Command for all TGs

<RXTCP:MOTY=RXOTG;

RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION

TG TO CHANNEL GROUP CONNECTION DATA

MO

RXOTG-1 CellIDA1
CELL
CHGR

Command for specific TG

RXTCP:MOTY=RXOTG, cell= CellID D;

MO
CELL

RXOTG-6
CellID D
0
0

CellIDB1
0

CellIDC1
0

CellIDA1
1

CellIDB1
1

CellID E
0

CellIDC1
1

CellID F
0

CellID D
1

RXOTG-2
CellIDA2
0
CHGR

CellIDB2
0

CellIDC2
0

CellID E
1

CellIDA2
1

CellID F
1

CellIDB2
1

CellIDC2
1
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Identifying of RBS Type

RXMFP:MOTY=RXOCF;
RXMFP:MO=RXOCF- ;

RU RUREVISION

0 BOE 602 14/1

.

.

.
RUSERIALNO
R15B
TU89465713

RUPOSITION
RULOGICALID

C:0 R:L SH: 3 SL:---
CABI 2106I
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Related Between RSITE and TG
RXMOP:MO=RXOTG-1;

RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION

MANAGED OBJECT DATA

MO

RXOTG-1
RSITE
COMB
FHOP
CellID1G A
HYB
BB

SWVERREPL
SWVERDLD



B0702R025E
MODEL
G12
SWVERACT
B0702R025E
TMODE
TDM
CONFMD CONFACT TRACO ABISALLOC CLUSTERID SCGR
CMD
2
POOL

DAMRCR CLTGINST CCCHCMD

PTA JBSDL PAL JBPTA

TGFID

H'0001-A783 NORMAL
SIGDEL
FLEXIBLE
BSSWANTED PACKALG
1010
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CONFACT (Concentrator Factor)
 Confact: The maximum number of TRXs that can share a 64 kbit/s
A-bis time slot is equal to CONFACT or is the maximum allowed
LAPD concentration factor in the TG and it is set per TG. Specifies
the maximum number of TRXCs that can be LAPD concentrated on
the same transmission device.
 The LAPD concentrator receives messages from several TRXs and
sends these messages on one 64 kbit/s Abis time slot to BSC. The
LAPD concentrator also receives messages on this Abis time slot
from the BSC and distributes them to the TRXs.
 The maximum value is 4, however the value depends on the
maximum number of SDCCH/8 per TRX defined for the TG.
Max number of SDCCH/8s per TRX
Max concentration ratio
1
4
2
4
3
3
4
2
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FREQUENCY HOPPING
AND
MAIO MANAGEMENT
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Achievements
 More uniform speech quality
 A more dependable and predictable radio
environment
 Increased capacity (tighter frequency re-use enabled)
Capabilities
• Up to 128 frequencies can be assigned per cell
– Note: maximum of 32 frequencies per Channel
Group (CHGR)
• Frequencies can be reused (except the BCCH frequency)
in other CHGRs within the cell
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Types of Hopping Sequences
Number (HSN)
 Cyclic hopping sequence
the frequencies are used consecutively. A cyclic
sequence is specified by setting parameter
HSN to 0.
 Random hopping sequence
is implemented as a pseudo-random sequence.
63 independent sequences can be defined.
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Hopping Modes
 Baseband hopping (FHOP = BB)
In baseband hopping, each transmitter is
assigned with a fixed frequency.
 Synthesizer hopping (FHOP = SY)
Synthesizer hopping means that one
transmitter handles all bursts that belong to a
specific connection
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Baseband Hopping
+ A narrow-band filter combiner
can be used. To this combiner it is
possible to connect up to 6 TRXs
without more than 3dB combiner
loss.
- It is impossible to hop on more
frequencies than there are TX:s.
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Synthesizer Hopping
+ It is possible to hop on more
frequencies than there are
transmitters.
- Hybrid combiners must be
used. When connecting many
transmitters the loss will be
big.
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MAIO Management
 The MAIO Management feature provides
increased control over synthesized frequency
hopping to minimize channel interference
within a site (or between sites if synchronized
network is used).
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MAIO Algorithm
 At frequency hopping MAIO values are used (together with
the HSN and the current FN) to point out the frequencies to
be used from the HFS at an instant in time.
 Cyclic hopping
"pointer" = (MAIO+FN) modulo (number of frequencies in
HFS)
 Random hopping
"pointer" = (MAIO+random value) modulo (number of
frequencies in HFS)
 MAIO : Mobile Allocation Index Offset
 FN : Frame Number
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Example
• Cyclic hopping
"pointer" = (MAIO+FN) modulo (number
of frequencies in HFS)
• Random hopping
"pointer" = (MAIO+random value)
modulo (number of frequencies in HFS)
For instance, in Cyclic hopping, 3 TRX:s
in a cell, nine frequencies in the HFS.
The
current FN is 1. The first TRX use
frequency number:
(FN+MAIO) mod (# of frequencies in
HFS) = (1+0) mod 9 = 1 (which will
relate the pointer to the second
frequency in the HFS .
The next time FN=2 and the
pointers will be shifted downwards one
step.
MAIO : Mobile Allocation Index Offset
FN : Frame Number
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Default MAIO list
 The order of the MAIO values in the default list
are arranged in a "first even then odd MAIO
values" manner. (with HFS containing 7
frequencies the default list will be 0, 2, 4, 6, 1,
3, 5)
• The actual MAIO values to be used for a CHGR
depends on the number of TRXs for the CHGR.
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CELL CONFIGURATION FREQUENCY
HOPPING DATA
 RLCHP:CELL=CellID;
BCCD : Defines if the
channel
group
frequencies are allowed
(YES) or not (NO) for
Immediate Assignment.
 CELL
 CellID
 CHGR HSN HOP
MAIO

0
0
OFF
DEFAULT

1
50
ON
0

1

2
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab 2013
BCCD
YES
YES
46
CELL CONFIGURATION FREQUENCY DATA
TN: Time slot
number


SDCCH: Number
of SDCCH
channel

CBCH: cell
broadcast
channel








RLCFP:CELL=CellID;
CELL
CellID
CHGR SCTYPE SDCCH SDCCHAC TN CBCH HSN HOP DCHNO
0
1
0
1
NO
0
OFF 114
2
3
4
1
1
0
2
NO
50
ON 64
77
81
CHGR: channel
group
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MULTI BAND CELL
(COMMON BCCH)
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Why we use Multi Band Cell?
•
Restriction of Dynamic BTS Power Control features because of BCCH
frequency
•
Restriction of Discontinuous Transmission on the BCCH frequency
•
Restriction of Frequency Hopping on the BCCH frequency
•
All the frequencies in the non-BCCH frequency band can be more efficiently
reused
•
There is one more timeslot available for traffic in the non-BCCH frequency
band
•
The number of defined cells and neighbor relations in a BSC of a multi band
cell network is reduced
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Common BCCH
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Reducing the number of neighbor
relation = Reducing the measurements
performed and reported by the MS
 less
neighbor relations means less
restrictions on the total number of available
positions in measurement reports.
 less neighbor relations lead to more
accurate measurements performed and
reported by the MS, since there is more
time available for measurements of each
neighbor
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Reduced number of defined cells and
neighbor relations
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Inter Cell Handovers
The offset (FBOFFS) is
added to the measured
signal strength of the active
channel at the non-BCCH
1800
frequency
band
(RxLevA), so the BSC can
locate the MS as if it would
be served by the BCCH 900
frequency band instead.
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Sub-Cell Load Distribution
Without Subcell Load Distribution acitvated, mobile stations within the OL
subcell service area will be served by the OL subcell even if there is a lot of
spare capacity in the UL subcell. This is generally undesirable since the OL
subcell frequencies may be more vulnerable to interference than the
frequencies in the UL subcell.
With Subcell Load Distribution activated, the OL subcell is only used when
the traffic in the UL subcell increases beyond a certain limit. Secondly, the
mobiles closest to the site are moved to the OL subcell, which means that
power control are more effective for the OL subcell and less interference is
spread.
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Change Sub-Cells from UL to OL
Only mobile stations that fulfill the
following three conditions for LOL,
TAOL and DTCB are allowed to
change subcells from UL to OL:
• L < LOL - LOLHYST
• TA< TAOL - TAOLHYST
• SS(s) - SS(n) > DTCB
No SDCCH should be configured in OL subcell, which makes use of Subcell
Load Distribution, since it is only applicable to traffic channels. With SCLD
activated, only assignment to UL is allowed, which makes SDCCH in the OL
subcell inaccessible.
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Parameters for Multi Band
Cell Optimization
 LOL : Path loss threshold. It defines the OL sub-cell coverage





border in terms of the path loss from the serving cell.
LOLHYST : Hysteresis for the path-loss criterion during
evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage.
DTCB : Distance to cell border threshold. It defines the OL subcell coverage border in terms of the signal strength difference
between the active channel and the strongest neighboring
BCCHs.
DTCBHYST : Hysteresis for the DTCB criterion during
evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage.
TAOL : Timing advance threshold. It defines the OL sub-cell
timing advance border.
TAOLHYST : Hysteresis for the timing advance criterion during
evaluations for the OL sub-cell coverage.
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Commands
RLOLC:CELL=cell,LOL=lol,LOLHYST=lolhyst,TAO
L=taol,TAOLHYST=taolhyst, DTCBN=dtcbn,
DTCBHYST=dtcbhyst;
The following command is an attempt to distribute traffic connections
from the underlaid subcell to the overlaid subcell
RLLLC:CELL=cell,SCLD=on/off,SCLDLUL=scldlul,
SCLDLOL=scldlol, SCLDSC=UL;
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CELL LOAD
SHARING
(CLS)
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Cell Load Sharing Consists
of the Following Activities:
 The traffic load in the cells are monitored
 If a cell has too high load, MSs close to the cell
Border are made to perform a handover
 The handovers are carried out if the receiving
cell has Low enough load
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There are two levels:
 CLSLEVEL
if the amount of idle traffic channels is equal to or
decreases below CLSLEVEL in a cell, that cell
tries to rid itself of some traffic by initiating load
sharing handover to neighboring cells
 CLSACC
if the amount of idle traffic channels is above load
CLSACC in a cell, that cell is prepared to accept
incoming load sharing handovers from other
cells.
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Conditions for neighboring
cell
 The cell belongs to the same BSC
 The cell belongs to the same HCS-layer
 Incoming CLS handovers are allowed
(HOCLSACC=ON)
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CLS Parameters
 Clsacc : Cell Load Sharing level above which a
cells traffic must remain if its to accept
handovers due to Cell Load Sharing.
 Clslevel : Cell Load Sharing level at which a
cells traffic will cause Cell Load Sharing
evaluation.
 Clsstate : State of Cell Load Sharing in the
cell : ACTIVE or INACTIVE.
 Hoclsacc : Handover due to Cell Load
Sharing accepted : ON or OFF.
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Command
 <RLLCP:CELL=ALL;
!CELL LOAD SHARING DATA!

CELL CLSSTATE
CLSLEVEL CLSACC HOCLSACC RHYST CLSRAMP

CellID1 INACTIVE
20
40
OFF
75
8

CellID2 INACTIVE
20
40
ON
75
8

CellID3 INACTIVE
20
40
OFF
75
8

RLLCC:CELL=HLM2,HOCLSACC=ON;

RLLCC:CELL=HLM3,HOCLSACC=ON;

RLLCI:CELL=HLM1&HLM2&HLM3;

RLLSI;
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Result after Activation of CLS
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CHANNEL ADMINISTRATION
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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 The capability
of the feature channel
Administration is to select and allocate one or
more suitable channels in each traffic
situation the requires a set of cannels.
 If several types of channels are possible to
allocate in a specific traffic situation, the
order in which the different types are
preferred is defined.
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Channel Administration
 There are three main situations in which a set of
channels is allocated:
 Immediate assignment – when a connection is to be
established, a channel for signaling has to be
allocated. Depending on the traffic situation and the
chosen CHAP, the channel could be either a Stand
alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH) or a Traffic
Channel (TCH).
 Assignment - after an Immediate assignment on
SDCCH, when a channel for speech/data is needed, a
TCH has to be allocated.
 Handover - when a connection in use is to be changed, a
new channel has to be allocated.
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Channel Administration Processing
A CHAP is a list of all possible Selection Type (STs). Each ST is assigned
one Resource Type Priority List (RTPL). There are eleven profiles to
choose among by the parameter CHAP. Each profile represents a
specific channel allocation strategy.
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Selection Type
The following data is needed to select a suitable channel:
 Traffic Case

e.g. Assignment, Inter/Intra cell handover, Subcell change etc.
 Preferred Subcell

Overlaid or Underlaid Subcell
 Channel Mode
 Speech/data or signaling
 Channel Service
 A list of channel type and speech versions/data rates in order of
preference
 Multislot Data
 Number of channels requested etc.
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Resource Type (RT)
 An RT is a unique type of channel. It is a
combination of subcell, channel type and rate.
 An MS can be assigned 6 different Resource
Types (RTs):
 RT1.1 OL/TCH/FR
 RT1.2 OL/TCH/HR
 RT2.1 UL/TCH/FR
 RT2.2 UL/TCH/HR
 RT3 OL/SDCCH
 RT4 UL/SDCCH
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Immediate Assignment on TCH / SDCCH
Immediate assignment on SDCCH
 – If signaling => remains on SDCCH
 – If speech/data => assignment to TCH
Immediate assignment on TCH
 – If SMS => transferred by the SACCH part
 – If signaling (LU, supplementary services etc.) =>
transferred by the FACCH part
 – If speech/data => change of channel mode at
assignment
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CHAPs











CHAP 0: Immediate Assignment on TCH is not allowed
CHAP 1: Immediate Assignment on TCH, SDCCH First
CHAP 2: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 2 MS,
“Channel Needed” provided by MSC
CHAP 3: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 2 MSs,
“Channel Needed” not provided by MSC
CHAP 4: Immediate Assignment on TCH, TCH First, GSM phase 1 MSs,
“Channel Needed” not provided by MSC
CHAP 5: Overlaid Subcell as last resort
CHAP 6: Immediate Assignment on TCH, SDCCH First, Overlaid Subcell as
last resort
CHAP 7: Operators choice
CHAP 8: BCCH in Overlaid subcell
CHAP 9: Inter cell handover and Assignment to other cell, restricted to
underlaid
CHAP 10: Inter cell handover and Assignment to other cell, overlaid subcell
as last resort
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CHAP 5
and
CHAP 6
 CHAP 5: This profile provides a channel allocation strategy similar to the
default profile. However, if an UL subcell is preferred, and there is no
available idle channel in the UL subcell, an attempt is made to allocate a
channel from the OL subcell as a last resort. The purpose of this strategy
is to avoid unsuccessful handovers or blocked calls when the UL subcell is
congested, but there are available idle channels in the OL subcell. The
drawback is that the OL subcell may serve MSs outside its defined serving
area, which might lead to excessive interference.
 CHAP 6: This profile combines the Immediate assignment allocation
strategy in profile 1 and the OL subcell as last resort strategy in profile 5.
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CONNECTION OF CELL TO CHANNEL ALLOCATION PROFILE
DATACONNECTION OF CELL TO CHANNEL ALLOCATION PROFILE DATA
(Command)
 RLHPC:CELL=cell, CHAP=3;
 RLHPP:CELL=cell;
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HIERARCHICAL CELL STRUCTURE
(HCS)
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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HCS Discription
 The HCS feature provides the possibility and
flexibility to give priority to cells that are not
strongest but provide sufficient received signal
strength. The priority of a cell is given by associating
a layer to the cell. Each layer is also belonging to a
HCS band. The lower the layer (and HCS band), the
higher the priority. The layer and band definition
should take consideration in several factors like:
 Traffic distribution strategy among different cells;
 Maximum traffic capacity for the cells;
 Influence of interference on the cells, etc.
Up to eight layers (in up to eight bands) may be defined using
HCS
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CELL LOCATING HIERARCHICAL DATA
RLLHP:CELL=cellID;
CELL
CellID
HCSIN
0
TYPE LAYER LAYERTHR LAYERHYST PSSTEMP PTIMTEMP FASTMSREG
INT
2
75
2
10
5
OFF
HCSOUT
100
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Example of HCS Band and Layers
Technical Description
•The layer threshold decides if the cell should be prioritized over stronger cells
of the same HCS band.
•The band threshold decides if the cell should be prioritized over stronger cells
from other HCS bands
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Fast Moving Mobiles
 To prevent fast moving mobiles form doing
HO to lower layer cells, a penalty is used
 PSSTEMP : penalty SS offset
 PTIMTEMP : penalty duration
 The first time a cell is reported as a neighbor
to the serving cell of the fast moving mobile,
the cell is punished with PSSTEMP dB and
the punishment lasts for PTIMTEMP seconds
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AMR
(ADAPTIVE MULTI RATE)
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Why AMR?
 Improve speech quality at low C/I
 The robust FR channel that provides high
speech quality at low C/I , then apply tighter
frequency reuse in a network with high AMR
 Possible to change speech codec during the
call , depending on interference conditions
 The enhanced speech quality also provides
better coverage at the edges of the cell, thus
making it possible to increase the coverage
area.
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AMR General Information
 Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) is a new speech and channel
codec for both half rate and full rate channels. By adapting
the codec rate to the radio conditions the speech quality is
enhanced. At low C/I, a large amount of channel coding is
applied and less speech coding. When the C/I increases the
speech coding is increased and the channel coding is
decreased.
 Both the BTS (uplink ) and the MS (downlink) continuously
measures the radio quality (C/I) and based on these
measurements the codec rate is changed. AMR requires
support in all network nodes, i.e. MSC, BSC, BTS and MS
and AMR is only supported in cells where all TRUs are AMR
capable.
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AMR FR/HF performance
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Concepts
• Speech Version





FR SPV 1 = “normal Full Rate”
FR SPV 2 = “enhanced Full Rate”
FR SPV 3 = “AMR Full Rate”
HR SPV 1 = “normal Half Rate”
HR SPV 3 = “AMR Half Rate”
Channel Rate
 Full Rate (22,8 kbps gross bit rate on air interface)
 Half Rate (11,4 kbps gross bit rate)
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Technical Behaviors of AMR
vs. EFR
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RLSLP:CELL=MA0734F
 CELL
SCTYPE
 MA0734F
 ACTIVE
 YES








CHTYPE
BCCH
SDCCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
CBCH
CHRATE SPV LVA ACL NCH
1
A1
1
0
A2 16
FR
1
6
A3 29
FR
2
0
A3 29
FR
3
0
A3 29
FR
5
0
A3 29
HR
1
0
A3 58
HR
3
0
A3 58
0
A3 0
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Activation AMR and AMR Power
Control
 AMR activated in the BSC:
 RAEPC:AMRSUPPORT-1;
 Power Control AMR activated per Cell
 RLAPI:CELL=cellID;
 CELL
 CellID
AMRPCSTATE
INACTIVE
 AMRPCSTATE: AMR power control state.
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DYNAMIC HR ALLOCATION
AND
DYNAMIC HR/FR
ADAPTATION
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Dynamic HR Allocation and Dynamic HR/FR
Adaptation
 RLDHP:CELL=CellID


CELL
CellID
DHA
ON
DTHAMR DTHNAMR DTHAMRWB DHPRL DHPR
60
30
 RLDHC:CELL=CellID, DHA=ON,DTHAMR=35,DTHNAMR=20;
 DTHAMR
 Dynamic HR Allocation threshold for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable
mobiles Indicates a percentage value of number of de-blocked full rate Traffic
Channels (TCHs) in the cell when Dynamic HR Allocation is enabled and the
mobile supports AMR HR. When the number of idle full rate TCHs in the cell is
above or equal to the value, FR TCHs will have precedence over HR TCHs. When
the number of idle FR TCHs in the cell is below to the value, HR TCHs will have
precedence over FR TCHs.
 DTHNAMR
 Dynamic HR Allocation threshold for non Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) capable
mobiles performs as DTHAMR for mobile that not support AMR
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BTS AND MS POWER
CONTROL
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Power Control
 Power Control Capabilities are:
 Interference
 Battery Backup Power Consumption
 Receiver Saturation
 Quality and Signal Strength Impact
Power Control is fulfilled for:
Channel
Power Control
TCH
YES
BCCH
NO
SDCCH
YES
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BTS Power Control consists
of three stages
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Dynamic BTS
and MS Power
Controls
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Power Control Parameters
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Setting Parameters for Power control
•RLLOC:CELL=CellID,BSTXPWR=x-5;
•RLLOC:CELL=CellID,BSPWR=x-5, BSRXMIN=102,BSRXSUFF=110;
•RLCPC:CELL=CellID,BSPWRB=x, BSPWRT=x;
<RLCPP:CELL=CellID;
CELL
TYPE BSPWRB BSPWRT MSTXPWR SCTYPE
CellID
INT
42
42
33




MSTXPWR: Maximum transmit power
for the Mobile Station (MS) on
connection.
SCTYPE : UL (sub-cell type is underlaid) and OL (sub-cell type is overlaid)
BSPWRB: Base Station output power
in dBm for the BCCH RF channel
number. The power is specified at the
Power
Amplifier
(PA)
output.
immediately after the transmitter unit
and before the combiner.
BSPWRT: Base Station output power
in dBm like BSPWRB but for the NONBCCH
RF
channel
number.



BSTXPWR is the BTS output power
on all frequencies other than the
BCCH frequency. It is defined at the
reference point used in the locating
algorithm.
BSRXMIN: Minimum required signal
strength received at the BTS, at the
reference point, to consider the cell as
a possible candidate for handover.
BSRXSUFF: Sufficient signal strength
received at the BTS, at the reference
point, to consider the cell selectable
for further ranking according to the
magnitude of the path loss.
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Dynamic BTS Power Control
Cell Data
RLBCC:CELL=cellID,SSDESDL=70,REGINTDL=5,SSLENDL=8,
LCOMPDL=50,QDESDL=55,QCOMPDL=30,QLENDL=20,
SDCCHREG=ON;
 Desired signal strength is -70 dBm
 Regulation interval, stationary, downlink is 5 SACCH periods , or
Defines the minimum interval between power order commands.
 Length of downlink signal strength filter is 8 SACCH periods.
 Path-loss compensator factor downlink is 50 percent , when set to
zero there is no power control towards SSDESDL.
 Desired quality downlink is 55 dtqu
 Quality deviation compensator factor downlink is 30 percent, When
set to zero, no quality compensation is performed.
 Length of stationary quality filter downlink is 20 SACCH periods
 SDCCH regulation switch is ON
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Dynamic MS Power Control
Cell Data
RLPCC:CELL=cellID,SSDESUL=70,SSLENUL=5,LCOMPUL=75,
QDESUL=50,QLENUL=20,QCOMPUL=40,REGINTUL=10,DTXFUL=16;

Desired signal strength uplink is 70 dBm

Length of signal strength filter uplink is 5 SACCH periods

Pathloss compensator factor uplink is 75 percent

Desired quality uplink is 50 dtqu transformed GSM quality units

Length of quality filter uplink is 20 SACCH periods

Quality deviation compensator factor uplink is 40 percent

Regulation interval uplink is 10 SACCH periods. A new power order is issued only if the
calculated power level is different from the current MS power level.

Number of measurement periods before full measurement periods are used, uplink is 16.
The full set of measurements is performed on each TDMA frame in a basic physical
channel. The subset of measurements is performed on those TDMA frames in the basic
physical where transmission is guaranteed. The power control algorithm uses the subset
if either DTX is used on a TCH or during a time period after the call has just been
established on a TCH.
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CELL SYSTEM INFORMATION
SACCH AND BCCH DATA

RLSSC:CELL=cell,ACCMIN=accmin,CCHPWR=cchpwr,CRH=crh,DTXU=dtxu,RLINKT=rlinkt;

ACCMIN : Access minimum signal level

CCHPWR: Control channel power This parameter changes the maximum Transceiver Power
Level (TXPWR) in dBm an MS may use when accessing on a Control Channel (CCH).

CHR: Cell reselect hysteresis This parameter changes the Received Signal Level (RXLEV)
hysteresis in dB for required cell reselection over location area border.

DTXU: Uplink DTX indicator. 0 The MSs may use Uplink DTX, 1 The MSs use uplink DTX and
2 The MSs do not use uplink DTX.

RLINKT: Radio link time-out on DL for non AMR This parameter changes the time before an
MS disconnects a call due to failure in decoding Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH)
messages
for
non
Adaptive
Multi
Rate
(AMR).
The
parameter
is
given
as
number
of
SACCH
periods
(480ms).
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RLAPP:CELL=CellID;
CELL
AMRPCSTATE
CellID
ACTIVE
SCTYPE
SSDESDLAFR SSDESULAFR
90
SSDESDLAHR
90

92
SSDESULAHR
92
QDESDLAFR
QDESULAFR
40
QDESDLAHR
40
QDESULAHR
30
30
SSDESDLAWB SSDESULAWB QDESDLAWB QDESULAWB
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RLAPC:CELL=cell, SCTYPE =OL/UL , SSDESDLAFR = 90, SSDESULAFR=92,
QDESDLAFR =40, QDESULAFR,=40, SSDESDLAHR =90, SSDESULAHR =92,
QDESDLAHR =30, QDESULAHR = 30;
 SSDESDLAFR= Desired signal strength for the
codec type AMR FR, downlink.
 SSDESULAFR= Desired signal strength for the
codec type AMR FR, uplink.
 QDESDLAFR=Desired quality for the codec type
Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) Full Rate (FR),
downlink.
 QDESULAFR= Desired quality for the codec type
AMR FR, uplink.
 The rest of parameters are defined for HR as
above.
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IDLE MODE BEHAVIOR
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Idle Mode Behavior
 The idle mode behavior is managed by the MS. It can be
controlled by parameters which the MS receives from the
base station on the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH). All
of the main controlling parameters for idle mode behavior
are transmitted on the BCCH carrier in each cell. These
parameters can be controlled on a per cell basis.
Idle Mode Tasks:
 PLMN Selection
 Cell Selection
 Cell Reselection
 Location Updating
 Monitor PCH (Paging Channel)
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Cell Priority
CBQ
CB
CELL SELECTION
CELL RE-SELECTION
HIGH
NO
NORMAL
NORMAL
HIGH
YES
BARRED
BARRED
LOW
NO
LOW
NORMAL
LOW
YES
LOW
NORMAL
When a cell is barred it will not be camped on by an MS in idle mode but an active (i.e. an
MS in dedicated mode) can perform handover to it.
Cells can have three levels of priority; barred, normal and low. Suitable cells that are of low
priority are only camped on if there are no other suitable cells of normal priority. The
priority of a cell is controlled by the Cell Bar Qualify parameter CBQ (only valid for mobiles
supporting GSM phase 2), in conjunction with the Cell Bar Access parameter , CB. It is
probably better to set CBQ to HIGH to speed up cell selection for phase 2 MSs since CBQ
makes no difference at cell reselection.
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C1 Criteria
 C1>0
C1 = (received signal level – ACCMIN) – max(CCHPWR – P, 0)
 (received signal level – ACCMIN) : Good enough downlink
 max(CCHPWR – P, 0) : To ensure good enough uplink
 ACCMIN : minimum received signal in MS to allow access
 CCHPWR: maximum MS power at access
 P : maximum power output of MS according to its class
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C2 Criterion
 C2 = C1 + CRO – TO * H (PT - T)
if PT <> 31
 C2 = C1 – CRO
if PT = 31
 H(x) = 0 if x < 0
 H(x) = 1 if x ≥ 0
 CRO : Cell reselection offset
 TO : Temporary negative offset
 PT : Time for application of a temporary offset
 T : Timer
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Related Commands

RLSBP:CELL=cellID;

CELL

cellID

CB
MAXRET
TX
ATT

NO
1
32
YES

ACC

CLEAR
T3212 CBQ CRO TO
40
HIGH
0
PT
ECSC
0
YES
0
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SOME IMPORTANT
COMMANDS
BACK TO MAIN MENU
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Managed Object Commands













RXMOP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT DATA
RXMOP:MO=RXOTG-tg;
RXMSP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT STATUS
RXMSP:MO=RXOTG-tg;
RXCDP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT CONFIGURATION DATA
RXCDP:MO=RXOTG-tg;
RXCAP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT CAPABILITY
INFORMATION
RXCAP: MO=RXOCF-tg;
RXMFP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT FAULT INFORMATION
RXMFP: MO=RXOCF-tg;
RXMFP: MO=RXOCF-tg,faulty;
RXAPP : RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT Abis PATH PRINT
RXAPP:MO=RXOTG-tg;
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For CELL DESCRIPTION DATA
For Create:
RLDEC:CELL=cell+,CGI=cgi,BSIC=bsic,BCCHNO=bcchno,
AGBLK=agblk,MFRMS=mfrms,BCCHTYPE=bcchtype,IRC=on/off+;
For Print
 RLDEP:Cell=CellID;
 CELL
CGI
 CellID
432-11-LAC-CI

TYPE
 INT
BCCHTYPE
NCOMB
BSIC BCCHNO AGBLK MFRMS IRC
45
114
1
6
ON
FNOFFSET
0
XRANGE CSYSTYPE
NO
GSM900
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 AGBLK: Number of reserved access grant blocks. This parameter
sets the number of Common Control Channel (CCCH) blocks
reserved for the access grant channel. The remaining CCCH blocks
are used for paging channel.
 MFRMS: Multi-frames period This parameter sets period of
transmission for PAGING REQUEST messages to the same paging
subgroup. This parameter is expressed as the number of CCCH multiframes.
 FNOFFSET: Frame number offset This parameter sets the time
difference from the Frame Number (FN) generator in the Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) expressed as a number of Time Division
Multiple Access (TDMA) frames.
 IRC: Interference Rejection Combining To reduce the effect of
uplink interference and to improve quality.
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Resetting of one TG
 RXBLI:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD,FORCE;
 RXESE:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;
 RXESI:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;
 RXBLE:MO=RXOTG-10,SUBORD;
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HandOver Definition

Internal

RLNRC:CELL=CellIDB,CELLR=CellIDA,CS=NO,AWOFFSET=10;

RLMFC:CELL=CellIDB,MBCCHNO=CellIDA_bcch,MRNIC;

RLMFC:CELL=CellIDA,MBCCHNO=CellIDB_bcch,MRNIC;

External

RLDEI:CELL=CellIDC,CSYSTYPE=GSM900, EXT;

RLDEC:CELL=CellIDC,CGI=432-11-LAC-CI,BSIC=bsic,BCCHNO=cellIDC_bcch;

RLLOC:CELL=CellIDC,BSPWR=47,
BSRXMIN=120,BSRXSUFF=0,MSRXMIN=102,MSRXSUFF=0,SCHO=OFF,MISSNM=3,AW=OFF,BSTXPWR=35
,EXTPEN=OFF;

RLCPC:CELL=CellIDC,MSTXPWR=33;

RLLHC:CELL=CellIDC,LAYER=6,LAYERTHR=75,LAYERHYST=2,PSSTEMP=10,PTIMTEMP=5,FASTMSRE
G=ON;

RLNRI:CELL=CellIDA,CELLR=CellIDC,SINGLE;

RLMFC:CELL=CellIDA,MBCCHNO=cellIDC_bcch,MRNIC;

P.S. The some parameters are different for 900 and 1800 bands , check these in ALEX and the External part
must be implement in two BSC
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View of CELL RESOURCES
 RLCRP:CELL=ALL;







CELL
CellID1
CellID2
CellID3
CellID4
CellID5
CellID6
BCCH CBCH SDCCH NOOFTCH QUEUED
1
0
16
13- 26
0
1
0
16
37- 74
0
1
0
16
45- 90
0
1
0
16
13- 26
0
1
0
16
61-122
0
1
0
24
28- 56
0
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Some important commands


RLCCC:CELL=cell,CHGR=chgr,SDCCH=sdcch,CBCH=cbch,TN=tn;
This command changes SDCCH/8 configuration data in a channel group.


RLSTC: CELL=cell, STATE=halted/active;
The command is used to change the state of a cell or channel group.


RLSTP:CELL=cell;
The command will initiate the printout CELL STATUS for the internal cell


RLLDC:CELL=cell,MAXTA=maxta,RLINKUP=rlinkup;
This command is used to handle locating disconnect data in a cell

RLLUC:CELL=cell,QLIMUL=qlimul,QLIMDL=qlimd,,QLIMULAFR=qlimulafr,
QLIMDLAFR=qlimdlafr, TALIM=talim,CELLQ=cellq;
By this command the Timing advance limit for handover and cell quality are
defined per cell

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Instance MO Configuration Data
 rxcdp:mo=rxotg-Tg;
 Command RXCDP is used
to initiate printing of
managed object
configuration data for one
or more managed object
instances.
 The answer printout
indicates how each
managed object specified
in the MO parameter is
configured.
Examples

RXCDP:MO=RXETG-0&&-3;

Configuration data for all managed objects
within TGs 0 to 3 inclusive all related RX, TS
and TX.

RXCDP:MO=RXETS-2-3-0&&-7;

Configuration data for all TSs connected to
TRXC 3 within TG 2.

RXCDP:MO=RXORX-4-0;

Configuration data for the RX connected to
TRXC 0 within TG 4.

RXCDP:MO=RXETX-3-15;

Configuration data for TX 15 connected to
TG 3.

RXCDP:MO=RXOTX-3-15;

A printout of configuration data for the TX
connected to TRXC 15 within TG 3.
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EDGE and GPRS

RLGSP : cell=CellID;

CELL

CellID
GPRSSUP BVCI FPDCH GAMMA PSKONBCCH LA CHCSDL
YES
2
0
ENABLED
ON
CS2


SCALLOC PDCHPREEMPT MPDCH PRIMPLIM SPDCH FLEXHIGHGPRS EFACTOR

UL
4
NO
2
0
0
5




RXAPP : mo=rxotg-95;
MO
RXOTG-95






DEV
DCP APUSAGE APSTATE
64K TEI
RBLT2-1
1
UNDEF
IDLE
NO
…..
RRBLT2-6
6 MPLEX16
IDLE
NO
……
RBLT2-31
31 UNCONC SPEECH/DATA YES
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All Modifying commands for
AFP
 RLCHC : CELL= CellID, CHGR=channel Group ,HOP= hopping






,HSN=hopping sequence No. ,MAIO=Mobile Allocation Index Offset
RLDEC : CELL= CellID, BCCHNO=BCCH;
RLSTC : CELL= CellID, STATE=HALTED;
RLDEC : CELL= CellID, BSIC=basic;
RLDTC:CELL= CellID, CHGR=channel Group ,TSC=Training Sequence
Code ;
RLSTC : CELL= CellID, STATE=ACTIVE;
Change frequency in BAL all neighbors
( RLMFC : CELL=CellID, MBCCHNO= bcch, MRNIC;)
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References

BSS INTEGRATION, EN/LZT 123 5231 R1A, Ericsson Course

GSM Radio Network Features, 03813-LZU 108 3704 Uae Rev F

Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab, “Root Cause Analysis and New Practical Schemes for
Improving of SDCCH Accessing in Cellular Networks”, IEEE ICICES 2013

RBS 6000 INFORMATION TO PRESENTERS, Commercial in confidence , 25/221 09 FGB 101 558 Uen, Rev C , 2012-06-28 .

GSM Radio Network Features ,STUDENT BOOK, LZT1380719 R1A
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