Document splitting
AIM: How to configure document splitting in SAP Financials
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Document splitting is a feature introduced by SAP in New G/L accounting
This feature was introduced to do away with the user’s requirement to transfer the
balances of balance sheet items at period ends in profit centre accounting and
reconciliation
Document splitting automatically splits the line items based on the dimensions
configured or to affect zero balance setting.
USE:
Document splitting helps in drawing financial statements at various dimensions like profit centre,
business area etc. on real time basis.
For example: the balance sheet can be drawn at business area level, which may be one of the
requirement management
Types of Document Splitting:
Passive splitting: Used especially during the clearing transactions (for example payment
transaction)
Active splitting: Rule-based splitting
Zero balancing splitting: Ensures not only the document is zero balanced but also balanced for
the characteristics as well.
Configuration steps for Splitting:
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Classify G/L Accounts for document splitting
Classify document types for document splitting
Define Zero-balance Clearing Account
Define document splitting characteristics for general ledger accounting
Define document splitting characteristics for controlling
Activate document splitting
Extended document splitting
Classify G/L Accounts for document splitting:
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First steps in configuring in document splitting is to assign the item categories to the G/L
accounts for chart of accounts
Instead of assigning item categories by individual accounts, it is recommended that you
use a range of accounts
Note that the splitting rules are defined for item categories and item categories are
predefined in the system
Transaction code: SPRO
Enter SPRO then it will take SAP Reference IMG Screen
Click on SAP Reference IMG
IMG Menu:
Financial Accounting (NEW)→General ledger accounting(new)→Business
Transactions→Document Splitting→ Classify G/L Accounts for document splitting
Enter chart of accounts – 2018
Click on continue
To define G/L account groups
Go to Financial accounting (new)→General ledger accounting(new)→Master data→G/L
accounts→preparations→Define Account group
Transaction code for this is OBD4
These are the different account groups which were defined
Go back to the classify G/L accounts for document splitting→Click on new entries
Here we copied the Account from and Account to numbers from define account group screen
Select Item categories
Account numbers starting with 2 comes under balance sheet account
Account numbers starting with 1 comes under Expenses
Account numbers starting with 4 comes under category revenue
Account numbers starting from 300000 to 399999 comes under balance sheet account
Press enter
You will get the respective descriptions
Click on more→click on table view→click on save
Click on continue
Here data was saved
Classify document types for document splitting
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To ensure that every relevant financial transaction is considered for document splitting
categorize the document types according to specific business transaction variants.
Assign the business transaction and the business transaction variant for the document
type.
Standard SAP document types are already defined with appropriate values.
Transaction code SPRO→ SAP reference IMG →Financial accounting (NEW)→General ledger
accounting new→ Business transactions→Document splitting→Classify document types for
Document splitting
We can assign Transaction and variant to document types in this step
The combination of transaction and variant determine the splitting method to be used in
document splitting process. The transaction and variant also identifies the type of accounts
allowed in the document during document splitting
Define zero-balance clearing account
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For account assignment objects SAP have a zero balance setting, the system checks
whether the balance of the account assignment object is zero after document splitting
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If this is not the case the system generates additional clearing items hence in this activity
we have to create a clearing account for these additional clearing items
So let's check the GL account with the transaction FS00 enter
Enter the G/L account number and company code
Click on create icon
In type/description tab
Enter G/L account type
Account group
Short text
G/L account long text
In the control data tab
Enter Account currency as INR
Enter sort key as 002
Enter field status group as G001
And click on save
Click on continue
Here you can see Data was saved
Transaction code SPRO→ SAP reference IMG →Financial accounting (NEW)→General ledger
accounting new→ Business transactions→Document splitting→Define Zero-balance Clearing
Account
Select the account key 000 and click on copy as
Change the account key number and name
Press enter and click on copy all
Click on continue
Select the copied account key and double click on accounts
Enter the chart of accounts as 2018 and click on continue
Click on new entries
Enter the G/L number and press enter
Click on save
Click on continue
Click on continue
Here you can see data was saved.
Document splitting characteristics for GL accounting
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Define the characteristics for which the document splitting rules apply
Additionally
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Specify if you want to use zero balancing
Indicate if this characteristics is mandatory
IMG
Financial accounting (NEW)→General ledger Accounting(NEW)→Business
transactions→Document Splitting→Define document splitting characteristics for general
ledger accounting.
Transaction code: SPRO
Select the check box zero balance of business area and set it as mandatory field.
Zero balance: If this indicator is set the system checks during document splitting. Whether the
invoice is balance to zero at the activate characteristics
If it is not”zero” system generates additional clearing line item to active zero balance
Mandatory field: If the Indicator is set the characteristics must be available for each line item of
the account documents.
Using this field the business can generates complete financial statement. If characteristic is
missing against any line item system generates error message
Click on save
Click on continue.
Click on yes
Click on continue
Define Document Splitting characteristics for controlling
The additional characteristics in this are not relevant for general ledger accounting. Instead, they
are relevant for other application components (such as sub components in controlling) that used
documents transferred from general ledger accounting.
IMG
Financial accounting (NEW)→General ledger Accounting(NEW)→Business
transactions→Document Splitting→Define document splitting for controlling
Transaction code: SPRO
you can see there are two different fields already on the screen to you one is order and the second
is cost center so similarly you can add further characteristics in this particular controlling part
Activate document splitting
In this activity, we have to activate document splitting. Once activated document splitting is
activated at the client level.
IMG
Financial accounting (NEW)→General ledger Accounting(NEW)→Business
transactions→Document Splitting→ Activate document splitting
Transaction code: SPRO
Click on the check box activate document splitting
Click on save
Click on continue
Select company code and double click on deactivation per company code
Click on save