MultiScan ThreatTrackTM Radar Operational Overview - Airbus 1 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. AGENDA • Introduction • Controls • Displays (Displayed Information) • Radar Interpretation • Threat Track Features • How the Radar Works • Manual Operation 2 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Introduction (Airbus) 3 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan (2002) 4 | © 2018 Ground Clutter Elimination, Weather to 320 NM Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan V1 Quiet, Dark Cockpit Cell Top Measurement Safe: 69% Efficient: 23% Geographic Weather Correlation 5 | © 2018 Quiet, Dark Cockpit: Safest and Most Efficient Flight Path Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan V1 Safe: 92.3% Efficient: 92.3% 6 | © 2018 Quiet, Dark Cockpit Safe: 69% Efficient: 23% Quiet, Dark Cockpit: Safest and Most Efficient Flight Path Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan ThreatTrack (2014) MultiScan ThreatTrack - 2014 7 | © 2018 Threat Analysis and Display (No More Rain Gauge Radars!) Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. TAAG Angolan Egypt Air JAL Air Europa Eurocypria Qantas Oman China Eastern Air China Hong Kong dba American Shandong Emirates TAP Batavia Lux Air Primaris Thai Lufthansa EVA Spirit Air Lingus Indigo TACA Czech Air Berlin debis# Guggenheim# RBS# Tibet Privatair* Iceland Air* CIT Aerospace# Pegasus Air Finance* CR Airways* Etihad Jet Star* Dobrolet Air Algerie Travel Service* Gulf Air Air Niugini* Ruili 8 | © 2018 ALAFCO# SriLankin FAA LCAL* Royal Jordanian Air Bridge Cargo+ AWAS# Scoot* BBJ China Cargo Xiamen MultiScanTM Customers Burak Chongqing Malev AeroMexico Virgin Blue Air Logic China Airlines Air France Shanghai Hainan Shenzhen Norwegian Sun Country First Choice Spice Jet DHL Bangkok Air Mauritius Jade Cargo Jet BBAM# British Midlands Vietnam Tarom Romania Thomas Cook Malaysia Royal Brunei XL Airlines KLM Virgin Australia Cebu Pacific Alitalia Dragon Air ANA Delta LAN Qatar Sichuan German Wings Air Asia TAM Yemen Airways Avianca Northwest Jazeera Swis Aegean Independence Air Air Cairo Air Seychelles Royal Dutch AF Italian AF Japanese Self Defense Force Korean United Monarch British*/GB Airways Air Comet Singapore US Airways Druk Air Silk Air Bahrain Air Volaris Air Arabia AerCap# BOC# Intrepid# Aviation Capital# Lot Polish* Air India Royal Air Morocco Air Canada* Kenya* Air Fiji TUI Air Berlin Arik Air* Aeroflot* Azerbaijan Dubai Aerospace Cathay Pacific+ Nippon Cargo + ICBC# Chengdu Joy Air Juneyao Uni Alaska Jetlite Kuwait Libyan Midroc SunExpress Transavia ILFC# Garuda Indonesia* Virgin Atlantic Cargolux Hamburg International S7 Airlines Lion Air Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. LoongAir Adira Kunming Vistara Air One Air New Zealand Blue Panorama Dragon Aviation# Avalon Aerospace# Uzbekistan China Southern Atlas Air + Iberia Turkish Iraqi AP Fleet# Asiana Nepal Air Macau Copa Viet Jet Fly Dubai Skybus Avianca Air Austral HK Express GoAir Bimen Bangladesh Donghai South African TransAsia AAR Corp# Jet2 9000+ Systems in Revenue Service, 195+ Customers, 2000+ Backlog Orders Air Asia X GOL Ethiopian Al-Jaber Qingdao Azul *787, +747-8 #Leasing Company Baseline Controls and Displays (Airbus) 9 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Wx Radar Control Panel 10 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. ND Annunciations – Manual Selected • Manual Operation • Gain is not in the CAL position 11 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. ND Annunciations – AUTO Selected • AUTO Operation • Gain is in the CAL position 12 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Wx Radar Control Panel Quiet Dark Cockpit: Non-Threat Wx Is Not Displayed Path Attenuation and Correction (PAC) Alert – Area of Attenuation 13 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Design Criteria for WX/WX+T/WX + HZD Modes 14 | © 2018 Path Attenuation and Correction (PAC) Alert – Area of Attenuation Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. On All Range Scales WX+T (Weather Plus Turb) Mode 15 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Out to 40 nm On All Range Scales 16 | © 2018 WX+T (Weather Plus Turb) Mode Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. WX+Turb+HZD (Weather Plus Turb Plus Hazard) Mode 17 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. WX+Threat (New ThreatTrack Features) 18 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Wx Radar Control Panel Interstate 90 Interstate 88 Interstate 55 Interstate 80 Lake Michigan Full Above and Below Gain Control is Available During Both Manual and AUTO operation 19 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Wx Radar Control Panel Tilt is Inactive During Automatic Operation 20 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Recommended Operating Mode AUTO, CAL Gain, WX+T+HZD is the recommended operating mode in all phases of flight 21 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Displays (Displayed Information) 22 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Gain Control Settings 23 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Gain Control Settings 40 dB 10 dB 30 dB 10 dB Every 10 dB of gain change represents an increase or decrease of one color level 20 dB Min Gain (-14 db) One and a half color level decrease 24 | © 2018 CAL Gain (0 db) Standard Rain Rate Reflectivity Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Max Gain (+16 db) One and a half color level increase Automatic Temperature Based Gain Glaciated (composed of ice crystals) -40oC Freezing Level 25 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Automatic Temperature Based Gain -40oC Manual CAL Gain Manual MAX Gain Freezing Level 26 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. AUTO CAL Gain Radar Design Criteria for WX/WX+T Modes Quiet Dark Cockpit Philosophy 737NG HUD display 27 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Example 28 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Non-Threat Weather 29 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Beam Characteristics (Attenuation) Energy that misses target Range Attenuation Return Energy 50 Nm Target no longer fills beam 300 Nm 300 NM 160 NM 80 NM 30 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Beam Characteristics Receiver Sensitivity (Sensitivity Time Control) Sensitivity Time Control (STC) Sensitivity time control compensates for the loss of signal attenuation. As the range to the target changes, the STC circuitry also changes the sensitivity of the receiver to compensate for the signal loss due to distance. This is commonly referred to as the STC range. The STC range is 80 miles for the WXR-2100. Within the STC range the radar will accurately display precipitation intensity levels (rainfall rates). Time 40 Nm Less Gain 80 Nm More Gain Note: STC is effective when the weather is within 80 nm of the aircraft and when “CAL” Gain is selected. 31 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Range Attenuation – An Example 32 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Attenuation Sequence 33 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Path Attenuation (Southern Airways Flight 242) Pilot’s Radar Presentation Actual Weather In April 1977 the crew of Southern 242 Aircraft Penetrates Extreme was working their way through an area of Thunderstorm Reaching to cells over eastern Alabama - 55,000 Feet that is Producing Tornadoes FO: “Whichand wayThree do weInch go across Hail here or go out…I don’t know how we get through here, Bill.” CPT: “ I know, you’re just gonna have to go out…” FO: “Yeah, right across that band.” CPT: “All clear left approximately right now. I think we can cut across there now.” FO: “All right, here we go.” Since 1975 at Least Ten Fatal Accidents Have Occurred in the United States Where Radar Attenuation was a Major Contributing Factor 34 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Path Attenuation Correction (PAC) Alert PAC Alert is active only when AUTO and CAL Gain are selected 35 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Beam Width = 3o 36 | © 2018 Radar Beam Width and Its Affect on Weather Rejection Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Example: Cells Right at the Aircraft Altitude 37 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Windshear 38 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 38 Windshear (Detection Zones – Airbus aircraft) 30 30 30 30 5 nm 5 nm 3 nm 3 nm Warning Caution Advisory Weather Detection Region 0.25 nm 0.25 nm Approach and Go Around 0.25 nm 0.25 nm Take Off Note: The radar is capable of detection windshear with as little as .0364 mm/hr or 1.4 thousandth of an inch/hr of rainfall 39 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Interpretation 40 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Under Warning? 41 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Flight crews will often adjust the radar manually to get the weather picture they expect. However, as the next slide shows, this often does not correlate with the AUTO display 42 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Over Warning? Flight crews will often adjust the radar manually to get the weather picture they expect. However, as the next slide shows, this often does not correlate with the AUTO display 43 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Example - Gulf of Thailand Manual CAL Gain 44 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Manual MAX Gain AUTO CAL Gain Reflectivity (Bright Band/Red Out) 30 nm Bright Band occurs at and below the freezing level in strata form cloud formations. Cockpit Display Bright Band Bright Band 45 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Low Altitude Stratiform Rain 46 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. High Altitude Icing Flight Test Plot of High Altitude Icing Conditions with Radar in AUTO 47 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. High Altitude Icing Flight Test Plot of High Altitude Icing Conditions with Radar in AUTO 48 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Display Interpretation 49 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Display Interpretation 50 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Non-Reflective Weather 51 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Non-Reflective Weather 52 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Non-Reflective Weather 53 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Over Sensitivity 54 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7 Oceanic Over Sensitivity Bay of Bengal 55 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7 Oceanic Over Sensitivity If the cell progressively decreases in intensity as it nears the aircraft do not immediately deviate, but rather monitor the cell to determine if it will fall off the display. 56 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7 Oceanic Over Sensitivity 57 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7 Oceanic Over Sensitivity A cell that maintains intensity from 120 – 80 NM should be considered to be at the aircraft altitude and a 58 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. deviation should be requested. MultiScan Threat Track Functions 59 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. ThreatTrack Helps Delta Escape Irma September 6, 2017 Deadly Category 5 Hurricane Irma bears down on Puerto Rico Delta Airlines sends flight from JFK to SJU in ThreatTrack Equipped B737-900 Aircraft turned in 52 Minutes in SJU ThreatTrack helps pilots stay between the bands and out of the Hazards 173 Passengers safely out of harms way and back to New York MultiScan ThreatTrack™ is FULLY AUTOMATIC and keep pilots SAFER than other Wx Radars 60 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Threat Track Functions WX+T+HZD: Weather Plus Turb Plus Hazard • Core Threat Analysis • Predictive OverFlightTM • Two Level Enhanced Turbulence • Mid Altitude Threat Assessment • Mature Cell Threat Assessment • Anvil Top Threat Assessment 61 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan V2 – Airbus Control Panel Description Similar to the MultiScan V1 in "WX" mode Similar to the MultiScan V1 in "WX+T" mode Display of All Hazard Detection Feature (Enables Threat Display) Map Mode Only EFIS Annunciation "WX" "WX+T" "WX+HZD" Map Only Functions Available if "AUTO" Selected Weather (V1) NO Turbulence (V1) Weather (V1) + Turbulence • (V1) Weather (V1) + Turbulence (V1) + Inferred Hail and Lightning (V2) + • 2 Level Turbulence (V2) + • Predictive Overflight Protection (V2) NO Weather (V1) Turbulence (V1) (Crew has to manage Tilt and Gain Settings) NO Weather (V1) Functions NO Turbulence (V1) Available if (Crew has to manage Tilt "MAN" Selected and Gain Settings) NO Weather (V1) Turbulence (V1) (Crew has to manage Tilt and Gain Settings) Gain Rotactor Active for both AUTO and MAN Modes (default Position is 'CAL') Active for both AUTO and MAN Modes (default Position is 'CAL') Active for both AUTO and MAN Modes (default Position is 'CAL') Tilt Rotactor Inactive if 'AUTO' Selected Active if 'MAN' Selected Inactive if 'AUTO' Selected Active if 'MAN' Selected Inactive if 'AUTO' Selected Active if 'MAN' Selected 62 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Map Only Map Only Active for both AUTO and MAN Modes (default Position is 'CAL') Inactive if 'AUTO' Selected Active if 'MAN' Selected Core Threat Analysis Core Threat - Off Core Threat - On Composite Ground Based Radar Threat Image 63 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Predictive OverFlight Predictive OverFlight Icon 13% of convective turbulence injuries are mistaken for CAT. These events account for 45% of all serious turbulence injuries 64 64 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Two Level Enhanced Turbulence Ride Quality Turbulence (Light to Moderate Chop) FAA Certified Turbulence • .3g RMS • Major turbulence event 65 | © 2018 65 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 14 Aug 2011 The contents of this document are proprietary Associated Threat – Cell Life Cycle Cumulous 0 minutes 8 15 Dissipating Mature 23 30 38 45 53 Intra-cloud Lightning Cloud to Ground Lightning (most severe) 66 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 66 60 Associated Threat Assessment – Mid-Altitude Assessment Approximately 80% of lightning strikes occur within 3,500’ of the freezing level Active Till 10,000’ Above Freezing Level 10K’ Abv FL Freezing Level (0oC) 67 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Mid Altitude Freezing Level (0oC) Mid Altitude Associated Threat Activated 10,000’ Above FL During Descent Aircraft more than 10,000 ft. above the freezing level 10K’ Abv FL Freezing Level (0oC) Aircraft less than 10,000 ft. above the freezing level 10,000 ft. above the freezing level was selected to give crews time to maneuver prior to descending into the vicinity of the freezing level 68 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Associated Threat Assessment – Mature Cell Associated Threat (Turbulence, Hail, Lightning) 69 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Mature Cell Associated Threat – Active at All Altitudes Icons extend outside cell boundaries Mature cell threat extends outside cell boundaries Active at All Altitudes Freezing Level (0oC) 70 | © 2018 Important: The Icon Does NOT Represent a Threat Boundary Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Mature Cell 10K’ Abv FL Associated Threat Assessment - Anvil Top Associated Threat (Hail) 195o / 60 Below 25,000’ 71 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 195o / 60 Above 25,000’ Associated Threat Icons Triggered when Threshold Met Icon will appear when Mature Cell threshold is reached Single Cell Life Cycle is ~ 60 Minutes 0 min 72 | © 2018 8 15 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 23 Cell 30 Transition 38 45 53 60 Vivaaerobus 73 73 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Anvil Top Associated Threat 195o / 60 Anvil Top Extends Downwind of Cell Anvil Top – high probability hail region Anvil Top – high probability hail region Below 25,000 ft. Active Above 25,000’ 25,000’ 195o / 60 10K’ Abv FL Freezing Level (0oC) 74 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Above 25,000 ft. Vivaaerobus 75 75 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Painted Weather is Priority for Deviation Decision Making: Ex1 Best Route of Flight in this circumstance Flight Crew should not deviate through painted Wx even though it does not appear to be electrified Directly Detected Weather ALWAYS Takes Priority Over Inferred Associated Threat Information 76 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Painted Weather is Priority for Deviation Decision Making: Ex2 RockwellNormal Collins. All rights reserved. Information. Maintain Cell Proprietary Standoff Distance Over the Inferred Associated Threat Information 77 | © 2018 Lightning Strike Ground returns and “FAIL” message are displayed due to lightning strike Aircraft nears edge of Mature Cell Associate Threat Icon Resulting vertical tail and wingtip damage 78 | © 2018 Video of lightning strike Avoid Speckled Regions When Practicable Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. How the Radar Works 79 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScan Technologies • Flight Path Hazard Analysis • Beam to Beam Power Comparison • Automatic Temperature Based Gain • Geographic Weather Correlation • Track While Scan capability 80 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Flight Path Hazard Analysis During cruise nonreflective thunderstorm tops can result in inadvertent cell top penetration At lower altitudes pilots need to be concerned about cells with significant convective activity above the freezing level In Route: Geographic Wx Correlation, Auto Temp Based Gain, OverFlight and Predictive OverFlight Protection activated to reduce unexpected turbulence encounters. Quiet, dark cockpit reduces unnecessary deviations Descent: Scan for Wx below the aircraft altitude. Climb: Scan along the climb out flight path. Take Off: Scan for convective activity above the freezing level and adjust threat color accordingly. Windshear detection activated. Approach: Scan for convective activity above the freezing level and adjust threat color accordingly. Flight Path Hazard Analysis provides weather detection and analysis parameters based on phase of flight 81 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Landing: Windshear detection activated. Ground Clutter Removal - Challenges Does a radar beam that scans a combination of terrain and Wx produce… Digitized information, or… A single pulse? The answer is… a single pulse 82 | © 2018 Steep terrain can show up on the extended edge of the beam and produce clutter even though the beam is elevated Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Cities are excellent radar reflectors and also tend to introduce ground clutter into the radar picture Ground Clutter Removal Beam to Beam Power Comparison Targets above line retained as Wx Terrain table used to draw conformal line above terrain Beam to Beam Power Comparison Targets below line eliminated as ground clutter Beam to Beam Power Comparison also eliminates clutter from high terrain and cities 83 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Ground Clutter Removal - Results Even with excellent manual operating techniques it is difficult to distinguish weather from ground clutter at the radar horizon 84 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Beam to Beam Ground Clutter Removal clearly shows the weather threat Quiet, Dark Cockpit Beam to Beam Power Comparison Line drawn ~ 6,000’ below aircraft altitude Beam to Beam Power Comparison Threat targets above line are displayed Non-threat Wx targets below line are not displayed “Quiet, Dark Cockpit” Beam to Beam Power Comparison enables cell top measurement beginning at 120 NM 85 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Quiet, Dark Cockpit- Results “Quiet, Dark Cockpit” 86 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Thunderstorm Anatomy Turbulence Bow Wave Extent of Threat Visual Top 87 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Radar Top Automatic Temperature Based Gain Manual CAL Gain 88 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Manual MAX Gain AUTO CAL Gain Automatic Temperature Based Gain Reflective Top with Automatic Temperature based Gain Automatic Temperature Based Gain Reduces the Non-Reflective Cell Top 89 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Geographic Weather Variation Land Based Oceanic Generally, oceanic cells “rain out” at much lower altitudes than land based cells 90 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Geographic Weather Variation Central Pacific (Equatorial Oceanic) 91 | © 2018 Brazil (Equatorial Land) Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. United States (Continental Land) Seasonal Weather Variation Seasonal Variation of Thunderstorm Threats Due to Movement of ITCZ 92 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Robust Worldwide Storm Models TRMM Satellite has provided tens or millions of data points to build storm models 93 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Internal Weather Database Enables Proper Display of Weather Threat Radar selects storm model based on 1. oceanic or land based, 2. geographic position, and 3. time of year 94 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Geographic Weather Correlation (Setting Thresholds) Variable thresholds prevent inadvertent cell top penetration and decrease unnecessary deviations 95 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Geographic Weather Correlation (Setting Thresholds) 96 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Track While Scan Technology Track While Scan Thunderstorm Assessment: – Continually scans all weather hazards that may pose a threat – Tracks/prioritizes up to 48 storm cells – Optimizes available scan resources on high priority threats. Horizontal & vertical scans perform threat analysis Automated Threat Assessment: – Accentuates and displays high threat regions – Maintains ‘Clean Screen’ philosophy which reduces display clutter in highly convective situations 97 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Threat Track Functions Enabled by Cell Analysis Vertical scans analyses cell height, growth rate, temperature, and convective nature of cell to produce… Two Level Enhanced Turb Core Threat – More Accurate Threat Colors Predictive OverFlight Icon Mid Altitude Associated Threat 195o / 60 Down Wind Associated Threat Mature Cell Associated Threat 98 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. MultiScanTM Manual Operation 99 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Tilt Management (Optimum Tilt Angle) Best Clutter Rejection Optimum Tilt for Clutter Rejection Over Scans Significant Weather Except in the 50 - 80 nm Range FREEZING LEVEL Best Wx Detection Optimum Tilt for Weather Detection Produces Significant Ground Clutter Too High Compromise 100 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Too Low Compromise Tilt Angle Tilt Management (Low Altitude Tilt Settings – 10,000’ and Below) Low Altitude Tilt Control Tilt = +2.0 to +7.0 Recommended 10,000 feet and below 101 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Tilt Management (Mid Altitude Tilt Control (10,000’-25,000’)) Middle Altitude Tilt Control (10,000’ to 25,000’) Adjust tilt so that ground clutter is displayed at the edge of the radar display to minimize the possibility of scanning over the top of threat weather. 80 and 40 nm range scales Note: The clutter ring in mountainous areas may be less well defined than in non-mountainous areas Clutter Ring in mountainous area Clutter Ring Caution: Below 25,000’ as much as 80% of clear air turbulence encounters are weather related and are often due to over-scanning. 102 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Tilt Management (Mid Altitude Tilt Control (10,000’-25,000’)) 160 nm Range Scale Radio Horizon Caution: Below 25,000’ as much as 80% of clear air turbulence encounters are weather related and are often due to over-scanning. 103 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Tilt Management (High Altitude Tilt Control (25,000’ and Above) High Altitude Tilt Control (25,000 feet and above) Adjust tilt so that ground clutter is displayed at the edge of the radar display to minimize the possibility of scanning over the top of threat weather. Warning: Over-scanning and subsequent inadvertent thunderstorm top penetration is a significant threat above 25,000’. 104 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Over-Scan Prevention (Pilot Techniques) Method 1: 80 nm Range ring. Avoid storms that fall below the beam within 40 nm of the aircraft. Method 2: For aircraft equipped with split function control panel – select 80 and 40 NM range scales 105 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Over-Scan Prevention (Pilot Techniques) • • Method 3: Alternate 40, 80, 160 NM scans Method 4: Select Max Gain Manual CAL Gain 106 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Manual MAX Gain Tilt Management (Low Altitude Tilt Settings – Descent) If tilt is not adjusted during the descent the radar beam will progressively “dig” into the ground and ground clutter will increase. Aircraft has descended to 5,000’ from 35,000’. Original cruise tilt setting of 2o has not been changed. 107 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Long Range (Over the Horizon) Weather Detection Problem: How do you detect medium to long range weather? Center of beam has greatest energy for detecting weather Bottom of beam must be raised above highest terrain to ensure clutter rejection Earth’s Surface 108 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Long Range (Over the Horizon) Weather Detection Angle to the Horizon = .0167 x (Square Root of the Altitude) Radio Horizon is defined as 1.23 times the square root of altitude in feet. For a FL (flight level) of 335, radio horizon is 225 nautical miles 225 nautical miles Radio Horizon Note: With maximum range selected, ground returns will not display on the outer most range scale due to the fact that the curvature of the earth causes the ground to be “over the radio horizon” 109 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Revolutionary WXR-2100 MultiScanTM Radar From the Weather Radar Leader 110 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Flight Examples 111 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-503 Expected Benefits Expected Benefits of Modification (a) Improved consistency and accuracy of displayed weather. (b) Improved low altitude weather display. (c) Improved turbulence display throughout the entire altitude range. (d) Improved weather detection in mountainous regions. (e) Enable faster antenna auto alignment function. (f) Removal of display artifacts which are occasionally seen at the end of a sweep. (g) Elimination of nuisance antenna fault that may occur at extreme tilt values. Airbus FCOM supersedes current FCOM that requires +4 gain below 20,000’ 112 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Flight Examples Improved Low Altitude Weather Display 113 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Sabreliner Flight 08/11/2011 Cruise Example Aircraft Altitude 38K ft. Over Montana 22:09Z •Moderate Convective Weather (Cell Tops Ranging From 20 to 35K Feet •SB-4 Image Below Shows Detection of Significant Convective Cells •SB-7/503 Image Illustrates Additional Detection Of Lower Altitude Cells With SB-7/503 Update Increased Detection of Low Altitude Weather Cells Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 114 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update Sabreliner Flight 08/11/2011 Descent Example Aircraft Altitude 19.6K ft. Montana 22:16Z •Images Below Illustrate Additional Detection Of Lower Altitude Cells With SB-7/503 Update Increased Detection of Low Altitude Weather Cells Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 115 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update Sabreliner Flight 08/11/2011 Low Altitude Altitude 15K ft. Montana 22:19Z •Images Below Illustrate Additional Detection Of Lower Altitude Cells With SB-7/503 Update •SB-7/503 Shows Increased Surrounding Reflectivity Areas In Addition to Areas Shown in SB-4 Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 116 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update Aircraft Sabreliner Flight 08/11/2011 Low Altitude Altitude 15K ft. Montana 22:25Z •Illustration of Additional Low Altitude Reflectivity Areas Shown With SB-7/503 Update Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 117 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update Aircraft Brazil to Peru. Andes Mountains in View. Global Test Flight 06/18/2007 Alt = 38K •Weather Display Over Amazon Basin •Andes Mountains At Approx. 140nm Being Removed •SB-7/503 Image Shows Increased Detection of Lower Altitude Reflectivity Areas In Addition to Areas Shown in SB-4 Additional Low Altitude Weather Displayed Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 118 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update Descent into Iceland. Altitude = 8K •SB-4 Image On Left Shows Very Little Low Altitude Stratiform Rain Descending Into Iceland •SB-7/503 Image On Right Shows Increased Detection of Low Altitude Stratiform Rain Improved Detection Of Low Altitude Stratiform Weather Original SB-4 (-203/ -213) 119 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. SB-7/503 Update SB-7/503 Flight Examples Improved turbulence display throughout the entire altitude range. 120 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Pre-SB-7/503 Turbulence Over Warning 121 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Sabre Flight Test 10 April 2008 Climbout 17K Feet Display With Operational Improvements Showing Improved Weather and Turbulence Detection Original -203 /213 Showing Turbulence Warnings and Display Characteristics 122 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Nexrad Image 04/0/08 23:51Z Excess Magenta Example Original -203/ -213 123 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. With Improved Turbulence Function Part of Operational Improvements WEATHER Innovation - Predictive OverFlight Predictive OverFlight Icon 13% of convective turbulence injuries are mistaken for CAT. These events account for 45% of all serious turbulence injuries Rockwell Collins continues to lead in new Weather Technologies – HAIC detection, Strategic & Tactical weather improvements, Volcanic Ash and Connected Weather 124 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Flexible Training Tools 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 125 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Quick Reference Online Mini CBT Annual On-site training Pilot’s Guide Pilot technical interchange Service First ® iPad app through iTunes - 7/24 Find Your Local Customer Support Representative at any time ATS Pilot Symposium forums ATS Technical Interchange Meetings (TIMs) 126 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. An extensive worldwide support network to support you Netherlands (2) Canada (7) Seattle, WA Portland, OR Reading, UK (5) Toulouse, France (7) Wichita, KS Northern US (13) Atlanta, GA Russia Germany (2) Switzerland (2) South Korea Italy China (5) U.A.E (2) Dallas, TX Southern US (13) Melbourne, FL Western US (15) Japan (2) Israel Shanghai, China India (2) Hong Kong Taiwan Mexicali, Mexico Latin America Singapore (3) Brazil (2) Chile Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil South Africa Melbourne, Australia (3) Worldwide Support Coverage 94 Customer Support Engineers On-site Technical “Face of Rockwell Collins” Worldwide AOG Service 8 Rental / Exchange Stock Locations Worldwide Repair Capability 13 Service Centers 2,000+ Staff and Technicians 127 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. Additional Resources In-Person Instructor-led Training Training Videos on-line – RockwellCollins.com Commercial Aviation Flight Deck Surveillance – 128 | © 2018 Weather Radar https://www.rockwellcollins.com/Products_an d_Services/Commercial_Aviation/Flight_Deck/ Surveillance/Weather-Radar.aspx Monthly MultiScan users e-mail Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information. 129 | © 2018 Rockwell Collins. All rights reserved. Proprietary Information.