What if I can offer you that….
AI & VR is not threat
to teachers/lectures
Explore The Role Of VR And AI
Technology In Medical
Education
Objectives
Virtual Reality (VR)
Implementation & Challenges
in Medical Education
Learn About One Virtual Reality
Project Funded By MESTECC
Introduction
• Traditionally, medical education comprises
both theoretical learning in classrooms and
clinical training in hospitals where students
are able to gain clinical experience.
• In medical education, the adoption and
usage of virtual reality apps by students
was high, according to the findings of the
study.
Ustun, Ahmet & Yılmaz, Ramazan & Karaoğlan Yılmaz, Fatma Gizem. (2020). Virtual Reality in Medical Education. 10.4018/978-1-7998-2521-0.ch004.
• According to Gadelha (2018), VR technology has
changed how teachers teach and how learners learn.
• It has the potential to help shift from the traditional
teacher-centered approach to a student-centered
approach
• explicating learners retain more information when
they learn by doing
When VR is employed in
medical education, it offers a
safe environment where
students gain fun, engaging,
interactive and cost-effective
experiences by eliminating the
risk factors.
de Ribaupierre, S. Et al. (2014). Healthcare Training Enhancement Through Virtual Reality and Serious Games. In: Ma, M., Jain, L., Anderson, P. (eds) Virtual, Augmented Reality and Serious Games for Healthcare 1.
Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 68. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
• While we may have played virtual reality (VR)
games at home, the technology has far-reaching
implications beyond gaming, notably in the
medical profession.
• Many medical schools and teaching hospitals have
embraced the use of virtual reality (VR) technology
to train medical students and healthcare
professionals in new skills in a safe setting in
recent years.
Definition of Virtual Reality (VR)
• Zhang et al. (2018) define VR as “a computer-generated
simulation of a 3-D environment that users can interact with
in a seemingly real or physical way using special electronic
equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves
fitted with sensors”
• Virtual reality (VR) technology is an immersive experience that
enables users to access virtual environments that feel "real" to them.
With the aid of a head-mounted display (HMD), users can immerse
themselves in audio-visual experiences that respond to their
movements and interactions.
What’s the
difference
between VRAR & MR
How can VR be used in
Medical Education
VR in Medical Education
The use of VR in medical education can be applied in to two major areas.
• The first pertains to the use of VR to develop technical competencies,
such as procedural skills or those that require extensive 3D visualisation.
• Examples of its applications has been in areas such as the learning of
anatomy, surgical procedures and key skills such as cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR).
• A second, less well- researched area, involves using VR to teach ‘soft
skills’, such as empathy and communication skills with patients. This
commonly involves the use of avatars (virtual patients) that respond
in a certain way for users to communicate with.
Common Subject Using VR
Surgical
psychomotor
skills
Radiology
Anatomy
Clinical
management
Nonsurgical
psychomotor
skills
Communication
Jiang H, Vimalesvaran S, Wang J, Lim K, Mogali S, Car L. Virtual Reality in Medical Students’ Education: Scoping ReviewJMIR Med Educ 2022;8(1):e34860
Common
commercial VR
products in
Med
Education
Why VR in Medical
Education
Visualize and
manipulate
VR makes it
possible to:
Visualize and manipulate things you cannot see in reality
Consider
Consider diverse points of view
Visualize
Visualize three-dimensional objects
Engage in
Engage in real-time interaction
Explore
Explore dangerous scenarios
Describe
Describe realistic or hypothetical situations
Promote
Promote diverse learning styles and teaching methods
Therefore, the utilization of VR gives opportunities for medical learners
to rehearse without being anxious about making mistakes and facing
any grave results and to be prepared for recognizing the symptoms of a
disease and even conducting complicated operations
• The use of VR technology gives the opportunity for learners to
practice what they have learned regardless of the number of
repetitions until they carry out the targeted tasks.
• Its use also intrinsically motivates them to keep striving to
successfully practice.
• In other words, its use encourages them to perform to their own
capacities until mastering a skill or task instead of giving up repeating
instructional sessions
• Besides, they can receive immediate feedback on their current level
• of mastery in a virtual learning environment. The instant feedback
helps them realize what they need
• to do better to achieve a skill or task and initiates the visual
programming to recreate a virtual learning
• environment to be tailored (Norris, Spicer, & Byrd, 2019).
• Particularly, several studies have shown simulation training as an
effective approach to improve knowledge acquisition and skills in
healthcare education (Bracq, Michinov, & Jannin, 2019).
• The utilization of VR simulations eliminates the need for the use of
cadavers or animals to acquire professional knowledge and develop
essential practical skills by providing a realistic method of training in
the field of medicine.
• VR system also provides surgery training and rehearsal for
inexperienced trainees to gain surgical skills in a variety of surgery
operations such as endoscopic surgery, laparoscopic surgery,
neurosurgery and epidural injections
VR provides the
opportunity to undertake
scientific studies that are
physically or otherwise
challenging to reproduce in
real life.
• Using VR for More Immersive Training and Textbooks
• Virtual Reality Lets Students Develop Their Bedside Manner
• Ensure uninterrupted in hospital training
44
VR Limitation
• VR is not suitable for every possible educational
opportunity.
• Virtual characters are often controlled by artificial
intelligence (AI) systems.
• Aside from educational challenges, integrating new
technologies requires faculty backing. Faculty may
struggle to engage senior members who regard VR
as a game rather than an educational tool.
How to create a module
Idea
Discuss with team to provide LO
Story board
Discussion with VR Developer x times
Alpha testing
Beta testing
Artificial
Intelligence
Definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• AI is the development of computer systems that are
capable of performing tasks that normally require
human intelligence, such as decision making, object
detection, reasoning, solving complex problems and so
on.
• Refers to systems or computers that can constantly
improve themselves depending on the data they collect
and imitate human intelligence to execute jobs.
Artificial Intelligence in healthcare
AI is estimated to contribute
over 15 trillion to the world
economy by the year 2030
and the greatest impact of
Artificial Intelligence will be
in the field of healthcare
Source: PwC analysis
How is AI currently used in Medical education
• Learning support
• Assessment of learning
• Curriculum review
A study by Shin et al [55] demonstrated
that undergraduates who adopted problem-based learning are
more up to date in medical information as compared to their
counterparts who experienced a traditional curriculum. The use
of AI enhances problem-based learning, because it provides
step-by-step guidance with the appropriate feedback, possibly
explaining the preference for targeting medical undergraduates
Challenges in
Implementing
AI in Medical
Education
Limitation
• One of the limitations of automated and immediate feedback
provision with AI is limitation in the quality of the feedback
as the feedback generated is based on the knowledge base
and model of the AI system, which, as of now, has room for
Improvement.
• limitations in the perceived usefulness of AI
• The technical difficulties with the development of AI applications.
• One of the difficulties experienced in the implementation of AI
• in medical education is the gap in knowledge between physicians
• and engineers
• —insufficient time and lack of expertise
Summary
• The use of VR in medical education is a rapidly expanding and exciting
field of study. Current research is mostly centered on surgical VR
simulators, virtual worlds, and 3D anatomical models by comparing
them with traditional modes of learning
•
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