Zeth: Good day everyone! Especially to our dear panelists, I am Zeth Marc Pasahol from STEM 1C with
my groupmates or co-researchers as you may say, to present our proposed titles for Practical Research 1.
We would like to express our gratitude to our dear panelist for allotting time to watch our video
presentation.
For our second tittle, let me share you who will be discussing a particular part of our concept paper. Ms.
Idio will discuss the rationale behind our topic, the review of related literatures will be discussed by
yours truly, the conceptual framework would be discussed by Mr. Camo, yours truly, again, would discuss
the objectives, Mr. Lavendia will be discussing the hypothesis and research design. And I will be
discussing the remaining parts of methodology such as the respondents, statistical treatment as well as
the schedule and references.
CHEZKA: Our second title is entitled “Kamias Fruit Extract as Alternative Stain Remover on Colored
Fabrics”, Our topic is all about alternative for household chemicals considering their sustainability,
safeness and effectivity. this was drawn from the statement emphasized by Arora (2018) that
“Environmental sustainability is one of the biggest issues faced by mankind at the present”.
Chlorine bleach is a type of household chemical primarily used to whiten clothes and remove stains from
different surfaces. Other uses of bleach include disinfection and preservation. However, it is considered
as a dangerous chemical due to its corrosive property. It can cause skin irritation, chemical burns,
breathing difficulties, and in severe cases, death. It can also damage clothes and wear off its color and
quality. This damage is usually irreversible.
Aside from the mentioned reasons above, there’s also a legal basis for our study to be conducted. The
Republic Act No. 8970, “AN ACT PROHIBITING THE MANUFACTURE, IMPORTATION, DISTRIBUTION AND
SALE OF LAUNDRY AND INDUSTRIAL DETERGENTS CONTAINING HARD SURFACTANTS AND PROVIDING
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEREOF”. This law is created to protect the water, and people’s physical and
mental being from the harmful effects of improper production of chemical substances.
Rotting of fruits is sometimes a problem for locals as they needed to be cleaned and attract insects
nearby. To reduce this waste produced by the kamias, the researchers decided to gather information
about the composition of kamias fruit. After getting sufficient information, the researcher found out that
kamias fruit is sour due to the high presence of oxalic acid. This specific acid is found in various plants
and can even be found in our bodies in small quantities as they can metabolize into vitamin c. Like
bleach, it also removes stains and rust on different surfaces.
A study focused on creating alternative stain remover that is gentler on hands and clothes, less
dangerous, and environment-friendly would be very beneficial. Because of this, the researchers sought
to study the capability of kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) fruit extract as stain remover on colored fabrics.
ZETH: Now lets proceed to the review of related literatures. Originally, our RRL has several sub-points
namely(A) Kamias Fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi), (B) Colored Fabrics: The less studied medium in stain removal,
(C) Stains and Chemical Stain Removers, (D) Harmful Effects of Chemical Stain Remover: A review of
incident cases, and (E) Natural Alternatives to Chemical Stain Removers. However, to make our
discussion more concise, we will focus on Natural alternatives to chamical stain remover, especially
kamias as the main ingredient. We will be discussing the 4 main readings.
Without further ado, the first one is the study of Cultura et al. (2016) as they successfully determined
the capability of kamias to remove stains, particularly on white cotton-made fabric. They used a 6%
oxalic acid solution from kamias, 6% sodium hypochlorite (Clorox) diluted in water, and distilled water
along with 66 pieces of 4x4 inches white fabric divided into 3 groups.
Using controlled-experimental design, Nescafe coffee was used to stain the pieces of clothes that were
air-dried for 10 minutes. Each group was soaked in 50-ml solution of the 3 solutions mentioned above.
After 30 minutes, the oxalic acid solution, Clorox solution, and distilled water yield a median score of 1,
0, and 3 respectively. In this study, the lower the median score the higher the bleaching effect. The
kamias solution left light coloration of coffee after the application, the Clorox showed no visible stains,
while the universal solvent water left dark coloration of coffee. As they concluded, “…oxalic acid solution
from kamias showed a bleaching effect on the coffee-stained cotton-made fabrics.”
The next one has been done by Domingo et al. (2018) with few modifications. They also used it on white
cloth. Kamias juice and bleach were once again compared, along with few modifications in testing. They
therefore concluded that “…Averrhoa Bilimbi is effective as an alternative stain remover, though it still
needs a little scrubbing to remove all the stains.”
The next one wanted to make their product on a commercial level. But unfortunately, the study did not
go as planned. The researcher concluded the effectivity of their product in removing stains. However,
they failed to make the product fragrant. This study was conducted by Bolea (2019)
The last one compared the different members of the family oxalidaceae such as the Starfruit (Averrhoa
carambola), kamias (Averrhoa balimbi) and ofcourse bleach. The evaluators favored bleach, followed by
kamias as starfruit was more expensive to make. Kamias extract was indeed the best alternative to
commercial bleach in removing stains.
To simply synthesize the literatures above, all of them are all about the utility of kamias as stain remover.
However, there are still research gaps that need to be addressed such as the effectiveness of kamias
stain remover when other natural stain removal agent such as vinegar is present, addition of fragrance,
and ultimately testing the bleaching effect on colored clothes remain unsettled. These gaps will be
addressed in our study.
BEN: This research paradigm shown in Figure 1 will depict the conceptual
framework of the study. Frame 1 consists of the input or the needed ingredients and
tools in making the alternative stain remover. Frame 2 consists of the process
enumerated chronologically that shows the totality of making the product from
preparation to the final step. Frame 3 is the output the researchers aim to make.
INPUT
Ingredients:






1.
1 kg Kamias
Fruit
150 ml
2.
Vinegar
85 ml water
15 ml waterbased apple 3.
scent
150 mg
Potassium
sorbate
250 mg
Xanthan
4.
gum
Tools:



5.
Weighing
scale
Wooden
spoon
Drop bottles 6.
7.
PROCESS
OUTPUT
1. Gather 1 kg of
unripen kamias and
wash
them
thoroughly.
2. Slice them into
pieces then place into
a clean washcloth.
Squeeze to extract.
3. Put 250ml of the
extract and the fruit
together into a large
container. Add 150 ml
of vinegar, 85 ml
water, and 15 ml
water-based scent.
4.
Allow
the
concoction to sit,
occasionally stirring.
5. Add 150 mg of
potassium
sorbate,
then stir. 6. Add 250
mg of xanthan gum,
then stir.
7. Pour the mixture
into drop bottles.
Alternative
stain remover
ZETH: Now, here are the objectives of our study.
The general objective of this study is to test the (a) effectivity and (b) color-bleaching ability of the stain
remover (product) – made with kamias extract -- compared to water and chlorine bleach on colored
fabrics.
-our general objective has two things that wants to be tested. Since we are making a product out of
kamias, we want to test its effectivity and its color bleaching ability to address the research gap we
found.
This specifically aims to:
•
make a stain remover (product) that is effective on removing stains.
•
assess whether the vinegar contributes to the over-all quality of stain remover (product).
•
make the stain remover (product) fragrant.
•
make the stain remover (product) stable for 2 weeks or longer in room temperature.
•
produce on-the-go stain remover (product) in drop bottles.
•
assess the cost-efficiency of the stain remover (product).
DAVE: Our hypothesis for our study states that “There is no significant difference between the colorbleaching ability of kamias fruit extract as stain remover and chlorine bleach on colored fabrics.”
The research design that will be used in this study is simple random sampling. The target respondents of
this study are the mom/parent/guardian of 10 selected STEM 1C students. If the parents are not
available, the 10 selected students would be asked to try the product themselves. This study will conduct
a series of testing to check the effectivity of the product.
ZETH: To continue the remaining parts of the methodology. Let’s now proceed on the statistical
treatment. We will be honest that we are not certainly sure about our chosen statistical treatment, but
we based this from the related studies we have found.
The research has an experimental nature of the study. The data to be gathered will be analyzed using the
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). There would be three (3) treatments namely Treatment 1 or bleach,
Treatment 2 or kamias stain remover, and Treatment 3 or water; the process is replicated two (times).
ANOVA will be used to tell the differences between the means of the three treatments in terms of (a)
effectivity and (b) color-beaching ability.
Dear panelists, we acknowledge your knowledge regarding the different statistical techniques. We
humbly ask for your suggestions on what would be the best technique to use. Thankyou
Our schedule is the same for every title, and by strictly following our schedule, we successfully
accomplished the three titles on time.
Lastly, here are the references we used on this title.
Thank you for listening dear panelists, we are now open for comments, questions, suggestions, and
recommendations.
Chezka: For our Third tittle, let me share you who will be discussing a particular part of our concept
paper.
Wee: Ms. Idio will discuss the rationale behind our topic, the review of related literatures will be
discussed by me, Rother Dave Lavendia, the conceptual framework would be discussed by Mr. Pasahol,
yours truly, again, would discuss the objectives, Mr. Camo will be discussing the hypothesis. And Ms. Idio
& I will be discussing the remaining parts of methodology such as the research design, respondents,
statistical treatment as well as the schedule and references.+
Chezka: rationale
(read the slide)
One such alternative is rose petal extract ink, which is a natural and renewable resource with promising
properties for use as an ink source. In this experimental study, the researchers aim to investigate the
properties and characteristics of rose petal extract ink as a viable alternative to synthetic ink. In recent
years, researchers have also explored the potential of rose petal extract as a sustainable alternative to
synthetic ink.
The use of rose petal extract as a natural ink source could significantly reduce the environmental impact
of the printing industry. If successful, this study could pave the way for a more sustainable and ecofriendly ink production process. The use of rose petal extract as a natural ink source could significantly
reduce the environmental impact of the printing industry. Moreover, the production of rose petal extract
could also provide an additional source of income for farmers and communities involved in its
cultivation. In conclusion, the potential of rose petal extract as an alternative to synthetic ink is a
promising area of research.
This experimental study will contribute to the development of sustainable and eco-friendly ink
production processes, paving the way for a greener future.
Wee: rrl
This section consists of reviewed related literature which are crucial to this
study. The following information were written in an inductive manner to ensure the development of
thought and provide supporting details to the study. The reviewed literature has been divided into six
parts as follows: (A) Rose Plant (B) Application of Roses on other aspects, (C) Benefits of Rose Extracts,
(D) Inks, (E) Charcoal Other Plants as Alternative Inks, (F) Effectiveness and Benefits of Natural Inks.
According to Milka Mileva et al. , the authors of the literature review of Rose Petal Flowers-A Delicate
Perfume or Natural Healer (January 2021), plants from the Rosacea family are rich in natural molecules
with beneficial biological properties, and they are widely appreciated and used in the food industry,
perfumery, and cosmetics. It is said in this literature that rose essential oils and extracts with their
therapeutic properties—as respiratory antiseptics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, expectorants,
decongestants, and antioxidants—are able to act as symptomatic prophylactics and drugs, and in this
way alleviate dramatic sufferings during severe diseases.
According to a research study of Armstrong et al. .(2016), practically every human activity, including
reading newspapers, magazines, and books, uses ink. We also create a lot of photocopies and print a lot
of pages from our computers every day. However, the cost of ink today may make it difficult for teachers,
students, and office workers to afford it. We might not be aware that printer inks have restrictions due to
their endless use. Furthermore, the effectiveness of charcoal as the main ingredient in printer ink was
tested by the researchers. Even though the ink was produced with charcoal, it still included tiny particles.
On several papers and with various measures, the ink was the effectiveness of the additional
components used to create the charcoal ink.
Other than roses, other plants can also be used to create inks. According to a study by Acopiadio A., et
al. (2019), they discovered that the fruit extract from the alugbati can be used as an alternative marking
ink. They discovered that the alugbati plant is accessible across their community. They believed that
doing a study on the alugbati fruit was quite likely given how frequently it is found in their area
In an article by Linae (2018), it is highlighted that the use of natural inks can contribute to a reduction in
the use of hazardous chemicals. While natural dyes may still require some additional chemicals, the
crucial difference lies in the fact that these chemicals derived from natural sources are more easily
broken down and environmentally friendly when compared to synthetic alternatives. Overall, embracing
natural inks offers both environmental and economic benefits, presenting a more sustainable alternative
to conventional inks.
Chezka: objectives
(read the slide) this objectives will help the researchers in order to obtain the best on their rose petal
ink. this is a crucial step for them to make their product successfully used.
camo: hypothesis
we believe that There is no significant difference on the level of acceptability of Rose Petal Extract Ink
compared to synthetic inks.
- we believe that there is no difference or changes that can occur regarding with the level of acceptability
on the natural inks.
chezka: research design
(read the slide)
This study utilizes a quantitative research design, specifically an experimental quantitative research
design.
Experimental research is used because this study is conducted with a scientific approach using two sets
of variables.
wee: The respondents
The respondents selected for the study on making rose petal ink were senior high school students and
teachers of Laguna State Polytechnic University. The rationale for this choice was based on the target
audience of the ink-making process, which is primarily students in the said level of education. In
addition, involving teachers in the study was deemed necessary to obtain their expert opinion and
insights on the feasibility and practicality of the process in an educational setting. The selection process
involved purposive sampling, where the participants were selected based on their willingness and
availability to participate in the study. The chosen respondents were deemed representative of the
population of interest, as they were from different schools and had varying levels of experience and
knowledge in chemistry and art.
-The participation of senior high school students and teachers in this study is expected to provide
valuable insights into the effectiveness and potential applications of rose petal ink in the classroom and
beyond.
wee: statistical treatment
The research has an experimental nature of the study. The data to be gathered will be analyzed using Ttest. There would be two (2) treatments namely Treatment 1 or synthetic ink and Treatment 2 or rose
petal ink. T-test will be used to tell the differences between the means of the two treatments in terms of
effectivity
We will be honest that we are not certainly sure about our chosen statistical treatment, but we based
this from the related studies we have found.
Chezka: schedule
So here’s our schedule for this study feel free to pause this videow and take your time to read. For our
schedule we all used the same schedule for each title. What is shown and appears on the
screen is what we'll be using on our studies.
refrence: wee
Lastly, here are the references that I've utilized successfully to finish this Research's
concept paper. I give my gratitude and credits for each and everyone of them.