Artificial Insemination
Semen Collection Methods:
Artificial Vagina in goats and cattles
 Consists of an outer tube or casing which is constructed of
heavy rubber or plastic, and an inner tube or lining of thin
rubber.
 The space between the two tubes is filled with warm water,
which maintains the collected sperm at a constant
temperature, neither too hot or too cold.
Semen Collection Methods: Artificial Vagina
 One end of the apparatus is open to allow the entrance of the
penis and the other end is attached to a glass tube or beaker
to receive the ejaculated semen.
 This is the most commonly used device for collecting semen.
Semen Collection Methods:
Electric Stimulation
 An electro-ejaculator apparatuses introduces a weak
alternating current to the sacral and pelvic nerves via
electrodes placed in the rectum until erection and ejaculation
occur.
Semen Collection Methods:
Electric Stimulation
 It is used on all farm animals except boars and horses.
 It is used effectively on bulls that cannot mount due to leg
injuries.
Semen Preparation: Storage & Shipment
 It may be kept at room temperature if it is to be used within
two hours of collection.
 If the semen will be put into long-term storage, semen needs
to be gradually cooled and frozen a temperature below zero.
Semen Preparation: Semen Extenders
 Why Added?
 Add extra needed Volume
 Exert beneficial effect on the sperm
Steps to AI
(Semen Storage)
 Collected, evaluated, cooled slowly, & frozen
 -320°F
 Lasts several months
 30 years
 40 years
Steps to AI
(Heat Detection)
 Increased activity
 Mounting
 Swelling and redness of vulva
 Discharge
 Winking
 Mares
 Standing heat
 Best indicator of estrus
Steps to AI
(Insemination)
 Cattle
 12 hours after heat detection
 Horses
 3rd, 5th, & 7th day of estrus Horses
 Swine
 24 and 12 hours after onset of estrus in sows
 12 and 24 hours after onset of estrus in gilts
 Sheep
 Two inseminations increase conception and multiple lambs
Recto-vaginal Method
(Cattle)
 Remove all feces from the rectum
 Grasp the cervix through the wall of the rectum
 Not done with horses or swine
 Insert inseminating tube through vagina and into the cervix
 Guide tube through cervix
 Deposit semen from middle of cervix to body of uterus
Recto-vaginal Method