1 Biotic interactions Biotic interactions Species interact with other species that live in the same ecosystem. It might be beneficial for one species (+/-), both (+/+), or none (-/-). 2 3 Different types of interactions ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ Competition Amensalism Predation Herbivory Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Activity: Fill in the following table Interaction Competition Amensalism Predation Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 4 Description Example Biotic interactions Interspecific effects are direct interactions between species 5 Intraspecific effects are interactions of individuals of the same species. Competition 6 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Competition - - When two or Two organisms more organisms fighting for in the same water. community seek for the same resource which is in limiting supply. Amensalism 7 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Amensalism - none When one species suffer and the other experiences no effect. Some plants produce chemical substances that inhibit the growth of other plants. Ex. Mint prevents the growth of herbs in an area of 1-2 meters. Commensalism 8 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Commensalism + none When one species benefits and the other experiences no effect. Remoras are fishes that swim along with sharks, eating scraps of what the shark is eating. Mutualism 9 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Mutualism + + Both species benefit from one another. Relationship between flowering plants and their pollinators (bees). Bees get food out of nectar and pollen, and flowers become pollinated. Predation 10 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Predation + - One species benefits at the expense of the other. Consumption is from the outside. Predators tend to be larger than the prey. A tiger hunts for wild dogs. Parasitism 11 Interaction Effect on species 1 Effect on species 2 Description Example Parasitism + - One species benefits at the expense of the other. Consumption is from the inside or outside. Parasites tend to be smaller than its host. Not everytime, the parasite will kill the host. Ticks that feed on mammals cause Lyme disease in humans.
