ME 7
Activity 2:
Perform the following tasks:
A. Illustrate a Slider Crank Mechanism and label the vector representations of all the
relations of the parts. (You may use additional sheet)
B. Illustrate a Four Bar Linkage and label the vector representations of all the relations
of the parts. (You may use additional sheet)
SAQ:
Answer the following: (You may use additional sheet for your answer)
1. Explain the difference between a vector quantity and a scalar quantity.
In terms of direction, a scalar quantity differs from a vector quantity. Vectors have
direction, whereas scalars do not. Because of this property, a scalar quantity can only
be represented in one dimension, whereas a vector quantity can be expressed in
several dimensions. Scalar can be applied using normal rules of algebra while vector
use different set of rules known as vector algebra. Scalar can divide another scalar
while vector cannot divide another vector.
2. Why it is important to study vector analysis in mechanism?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
3. Kinematics analysis can be performed either graphical or analytical analysis. Explain
the difference between the two.
The graphical method begins with a location study of the connection mechanism
by simply sketching it to scale. Then comes the velocity analysis, which necessitates
determining the angular position of the links ahead of time. For acceleration analysis, it's
also important to know the angular velocities of the linkages. Position analysis, velocity
analysis, and acceleration analysis are the steps in the kinematic analysis of
mechanisms. While when a recurrent and extensive examination of mechanisms is
necessary, an analytical method is used since the analytical equations and answers
found may be easily written on a computer. The fact that there are two alternative paths
connecting the points on a vector loop is used to create vector position, velocity, and
acceleration equations in this approach. Computers are used to simplify and program
the equations that are thus obtained. Variation of the parameters yields desirable
results.
4. What is Motion?
In physics, motion is defined as a change in the position or orientation of a body
over time. The term "translation" refers to movement along a straight line or a curve.
Rotation is a type of motion in which a body's orientation is changed. All places in the
body have the same velocity (directed speed) and acceleration in both circumstances
(time rate of change of velocity). Translation and rotation are combined in the most
general type of motion.
5. What is a Machine?
Machine is derived from the Greek word 'makhana,' which means 'device.'
Around 1540, the word was first used in English to designate any type of construction.
Around 1670, its contemporary meaning as a noun to denote a piece of machinery with
many moving components developed. Machine is also a piece of equipment that used
electricity, gas, and steam to work or did a particular job.
6. Enumerate the four types of motion. Explain each.
There are four types of motion called rotary, linear, oscillating, and. Anything that moves
in a circle is referred to as rotary motion. This motion was one of the first to be
discovered in antiquity. Consider a spinning wheel where humans used to spin wool.
The engine in a car function in the same way. Rotary actuators, like linear cylinders, are
employed in a variety of industries and are available in electric, pneumatic, and
hydraulic versions. When anything oscillates, it goes back and forth. Oscillating is
defined as anything that repeats the motion cycle after a set length of time. A sprinkler
system, a clock's pendulum, or even sound waves are examples of this type of motion
in our environment. You might think of a rotary actuator as an oscillating device, and a
linear actuator as an oscillating device when it repeats a continuous movement.
Actuators, both linear and rotary, can be thought of as oscillating. Linear motion, as
defined by our linear actuators, is anything that moves in a straight path. As far as we
know, time moves in a straight line. Linear cylinders are available in electric, pneumatic,
and hydraulic versions, just like rotary devices. Because rotary motion was formerly the
sole way to manufacture motion, they have ushered in a new era in the fields of
automation, manufacturing, robotics, and others. A reciprocating motion, also known as
reciprocation, is a linear motion that repeats itself up and down or back and forth. It can
be found in a variety of mechanisms, such as reciprocating engines and pumps. Strokes
are the two opposing motions that make up a single reciprocation cycle. A crank can be
used to convert circular motion into reciprocating motion or the other way around.
References:
Difference Between Scalar and Vector with its Practical Applications in Real Life
(byjus.com)
Kinematics - Analysis of Mechanisms: Methods and Techniques for mechanism
analysis - Bright Hub Engineering
motion | Definition, Types, & Facts | Britannica
What is a machine? | Macmillan Dictionary Blog
Types Of Motion - Explaining The Basics – Progressive Automations
What does reciprocating motion mean? (definitions.net)