Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
in the Workplace (NC II)
Learner’s Handbook
Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable
Practices in the Workplace (NC II Level)
A Unit of Competency under Basic Competency on Environment Literacy
“If it can’t be reduced, reused, repaired, rebuilt, refurbished, refinished, resold,
recycled, or composted, then it should be restricted, redesigned or removed
from production.” – Pete Seeger, Folk Singer & Social Activist
(Kung ito ay hindi maaaring bawasan, muling gamitin, ayusin, muling itayo,
pagandahin, pakinisin, muling ibenta, ma-recycle o gawing compost, ito ay dapat
bawasan, muling idisenyo at pag-isipan, o tanggalin mula sa produksyon.)
Unit Code: 400311217
Unit Descriptor: This unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to identify the efficiency
and effectiveness of resource utilization, determine causes of inefficiency and/or
ineffectiveness of resource utilization and convey inefficient and ineffective environmental
practices.
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of the module, you will be able to:
✓ L.O. 1 - Identify the efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilization
✓ L.O. 2 - Determine causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness of resource utilization
✓ L.O. 3 - Convey inefficient and ineffective environmental practices
Module Overview
Activity
 Recommended Time
 Session 1: Identify the efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilization
(L.O. 1)
1: Introductory Activity and Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection
2: Sustainable Development
3: Resource Use in the Home and in the Workplace
4: Sustainability Policies and Practices in the Workplace
(30-45 minutes)
30-40 minutes
40-60 minutes
30-45 minutes
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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5: Using Data to Assess Resource Use
Learner’s Handbook
45-60 minutes
 Session 2: Determine causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness of
resource utilization (L.O. 2)
6: Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction Techniques
7: Inefficiencies in Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction
30-45 minutes
45-60 minutes
 Session 3: Convey inefficient and ineffective environmental practices (L.O.
3)
8: Compliance and Reporting Information
9: Compliance to Resource Conservation in the Workplace
30-60 minutes
45-60 minutes
 Session 4: Review and Assessment
9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection
(10-20 minutes)
10: End-of-Module Assessment
(10-20 minutes)
Total Time
4 hrs 55m– 6 hrs 10 m
Written Assignments
Please complete all written work in the module. Your skills in this module will be evaluated
through the following outputs:
❑ Think About It! People, Planet and Prosperity (Activity 2)
❑ Let’s Exercise! Analysis of Utility Bills (Activity 5 )
❑ Let’s Exercise! Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction Techniques (Activity 6)
Skills Demonstration
The following activities are intended to help you develop the skill that this module is written
for:
❑ Let’s Apply: Resource Use and Management in the Workplace (Activity 3)
❑ Let’s Apply: Current Resource Use (Activity 5)
❑ Let’s Apply: Mini-Project 1: Best Practices in Resource Conservation and Waste
Reduction (Activity 7 )
❑ Let’s Apply: Mini-Project 2: Complying to Resource Conservation and Waste
Reduction Policies in the Workplace (Activity 9)
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SESSION 1: Identify the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Resource Utilization
Performance Criteria:
1.1
1.2
1.3
Required resource utilization in the workplace is measured using appropriate
techniques
Data are recorded in accordance with workplace protocol
Recorded data are compared to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of
resource utilization according to established environmental work procedures
 Key Topics and Learning Points 
1. Sustainable development
2. Resource use in the home and workplace
3. Sustainability policies and practices in the workplace
 Sustainable development is “development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” 1
 Water, energy (electricity, fuel, gas), and paper are among the most common resources
used.
 Reducing resource usage is necessary for environmental sustainability.
 Commitment, involvement of employees, planning, and collecting and analyzing data are
needed from top management down.
1
World Commission on Environment and Development. (March 20, 1987). Report of the World Commission on
Environment and Development: Our Common Future.
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf
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Activity 1: Introductory Activity & Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection
Objectives:
✓ Explain the significance of the quote to the topic
✓ Assess one’s knowledge and skills of sustainable practices in the workplace
 Recommended Time: 30 - 45 minutes
Welcome to Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices in the
Workplace for National Certificate Level II. In this module you will be learn about to
make the workplace and home more sustainable for the environment. Write five ideas
that you know about related to environmental sustainability.
Read the quote at the beginning of the module and answer the questions.
“If it can’t be reduced, reused, repaired, rebuilt, refurbished, refinished, resold,
recycled, or composted, then it should be restricted, designed or removed from
production.”
What does it mean? Do you agree or disagree with the quote. Explain why.

How do you think the quote might apply to you and your family in the home
environment?
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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Learner’s Handbook
Pre-Module Learner’s Reflection:
Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices in the Workplace
(NC II Level)
Start-of-Module Skills Check
This is not a test but is a way for you to see what you already know or do not know about the
topics. You will read a skill that is listed in the left column. Think about yourself and your
experience. Then read the statements across the top. Check the column that best represents
your situation. The results will help you and your teacher know which topics may require more
time, effort and guidance.
Ito ay hindi pagsusulit. Ito ay isang paraan upang malaman mo ang iyong kaalaman, kasanayan
o kakayahan tungkol sa paksang ito. Basahin mo ang mga kaalaman, kasanayan o kakayahan
na nakalista sa kaliwang hanay. Magbalik‐tanaw sa iyong sarili at mga karanasan. Basahin ang
lahat ng mga pangungusap at i‐tsek ang sagot na naaangkop sa iyong sitwasyon. Ang iyong
kasagutan ay magiging gabay mo at ng iyong guro sa pagpapalawak ng iyong kaalaman
tungkol sa paksang ito.
My experience
Knowledge, skills and abilities
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan
1
I don’t have
any
experience
doing this.
Wala akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
2
I have little
experience
doing this
3
I have some
experience
doing this
Mayroon
akong
kaunting
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Mayroon
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
4
I have a lot
of
experience
doing this.
Marami
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Identify sustainable development practices in
the workplace /
Magtukoy ng gawain patungo sa sustainable
development sa lugar ng trabaho.
Identify and resolve environment issues in the
workplace /
Magtukoy at maglutas ng mga isyung pang‐
kapaligiran sa lugar ng trabaho.
Describe sustainability policies and practices in
the workplace /
Mailarawan ng mga polisya at gawaing pang‐
sustainability sa lugar ng trabaho.
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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My experience
Knowledge, skills and abilities
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan
1
I don’t have
any
experience
doing this.
Wala akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Learner’s Handbook
2
I have little
experience
doing this
3
I have some
experience
doing this
Mayroon
akong
kaunting
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Mayroon
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
4
I have a lot
of
experience
doing this.
Marami
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Define management strategies that can help a
business become more environmentally
sustainable while still being able to thrive
Matukoy ang mga estratehiya sa pamamahala
na nakatutulong sa isang negosyo upang
maging makakalikasan at manatiling may
maayos na operasyon.
Identify types of key resources used in the
workplace /
Magtukoy ng iba’t ibang uri ng mga
pangunahing resources sa lugar ng trabaho
Collect, measure and analyze workplace
resources usage /
Makoleta, masukat at masuri ang paggamit ng
resources sa trabaho
Improve workplace resource utilization /
Mapahusay ang paggamit ng resources
Identify resource conservation and waste
reduction techniques
Matukoy ang mga pamamaraan upang
matipid ang resources at mabawasan ang
kalat o basura sa trabaho.
Analyze ways in which you are challenged at
home and in the workplace in reducing
resource use and waste
Masuri ang mga paraan upang masubukang
magbawas ng kalat o basura sa bahay o lugar
ng trabaho.
Determine causes of inefficiency and/or
ineffectiveness of resource utilization /
Matukoy ang mga sanhi ng pagiging inefficient
at/o hindi epektibong paggamit ng resources
Convey inefficient and ineffective
environmental practices /
Maibahagi ang mga hindi epektibo at/o hindi
efficient na paggamit ng mga resources at
mga gawaing pangkalikasan
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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My experience
Knowledge, skills and abilities
Kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan
1
I don’t have
any
experience
doing this.
Wala akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Learner’s Handbook
2
I have little
experience
doing this
3
I have some
experience
doing this
Mayroon
akong
kaunting
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Mayroon
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
4
I have a lot
of
experience
doing this.
Marami
akong
karanasan sa
paggawa
nito
Explain the importance of complying to
workplace procedures and practices and the
necessity to report breaches
Maipaliwanag ang kahalagahan ng pagsunod
sa mga pamamaraan sa lugar ng trabaho at
kahalagahan ng pag‐uulat ng mga hindi
pagsunod sa panuntunan.
Handle situations of non-compliance regarding
resource use
Masolusyunan ang mga pagkakataong hindi
nakasusunod sa panuntunan sa paggamit ng
resources.

Now it is your time to write your thoughts on the following questions in the space
below.
Questions
1. What types of resources do you use at
work or home that can impact the
environment?
Your Thoughts
2. What types of practices might you use at
work or home to use those resources
sustainably?
3. How can you determine if the practices you
or your organization / business put into
place use are effective or not?
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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Questions
4. How important is it to have efficient and
effective practices in the workplace and
home to promote a sustainable
environment?
Learner’s Handbook
Your Thoughts
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. It’s
always great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care ☺
Go ahead and share your answers to the questions above with your family and
friends! Ask them what their experiences and opinions are in trying to use resources
more effectively and efficiently to create a more sustainable environment.
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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Activity 2: Sustainable Development
Objectives:
✓ Define sustainable development
✓ Identify practices in the workplace and home that encourage sustainable
development
 Recommended Time: 30 – 40 minutes
Think about the expression “sustainable development”. We hear about it in different
ways - for example, at school, in the news, in government programs and in community
projects.
1. Make a list of words that come to mind when you hear sustainable and development.
Write them in the table. An example has been given.
Sustainable
• Can be continued
•
•
•
•
•
Development
• Growth
•
•
•
•
•
2. Based on your list of words, define sustainable development.
3. Do you think sustainable development is possible to achieve? Why or why not?
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4. What types of practices in the home and in the workplace can help people and the
environment thrive, resulting in social, economic and environmental improvements?
Read the information below to deepen your understanding of sustainable development.
Supplement your answers with any new information you learn!

Key Facts 8.1: Sustainable Development
The World Commission on Environment and Development coined the term “sustainable
development” in the 1987 Bruntland Commission Report, defining it as “development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs.” 2
This has guided the United Nations and governments around the world in developing policies
and strategic plans that will help balance the needs and well being of people with the health of
the environment. One way of thinking about it is through the 5 P’s of sustainable development:
planet, people, prosperity, peace and partnership.3
2
World Commission on Environment and Development. (March 20, 1987). Report of the World Commission on
Environment and Development: Our Common Future.
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf
3
United Nations, (n.d.). Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda
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This module will focus on the planet, people and prosperity as we consider practices at home
and in the workplace that impact sustainability.
Think About It! People, Planet and Prosperity
Reflect on the questions below and write your answers on the space provided.
1. Is it possible to balance people, prosperity and the environment when you think of the
workplace? In other words, is it possible for a business to be prosperous while at the
same time benefitting people and not harming the environment?
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
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2. Enumerate ways on improving environmental sustainability in the workplace.
3. How can you maintain a healthy and sustainable workplace?
In the next activity we will look at resources we use in the home and the workplace and
determine ways we can be more efficient and use environmentally sustainable practices.
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Activity 3: Resource Use in the Home and the Workplace
Objectives:
✓ Identify resources typically used on a daily basis in the home and the workplace
✓ Determine strategies to minimize resource use
✓ Take action to reduce resource use in the home and at the workplace
 Recommended Time: 40 – 60 minutes
Every day, from the moment we wake up until we go to bed at night, we use resources in
some form or another! Think about the activities you do every day at home and at work
and identify the resources you use. For example, when you wake up in the morning, you
might turn off an alarm clock that is plugged into the wall and turn a light on if it is dark
in your room. The resource you use to do these activities is electricity.
Use the tables below to record the activities you do and resources used on a daily basis
at home and then at work. If you do not currently work, think of a past job or family
business you may be involved in. Otherwise, ask someone in your household about their
work activities and resources consumed.
Resource Use at Home
Daily Activity
Resources Used
Waste Created
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Resource Use at Work
Daily Activity
Resources Used
Waste Created
1. Which resources do you use most at home and at work? What type of waste do you
create in using resources?
2. What impact do you think your resource use and waste creation has on the environment?
3. What can you do to minimize your resource use and waste creation at home and at work?
4. What can businesses and organizations do to reduce and manage their resource use and
waste?
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Let’s Apply: Resource Use and Management in the Workplace
Let’s find out more about resource use and how they are managed in the workplace.
1. Identify somebody you know who works for a company, business or organization. Ideally
you could go to their workplace to conduct the interview. If not, you can talk to them by
phone, in person or through another means convenient to the two of you.
2. Share with them what you have been learning about sustainability and the use of
resources.
3. Ask them to identify the resources that get used in their place of employment.
4. Ask them to share any practices their employer has put into place that reduces the use
of resources.
5. Discuss other ways in which the business could conserve or reduce resource use.
6. Record your findings in the table below.
Resources used in the workplace:
Waste created in the workplace:
Practices in place to reduce the amount of resources used and waste created:
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Suggestions of additional ways to conserve or reduce resources and create less
waste:
Read the information below on resources typically used at home and in the workplace and
actions that can be taken to minimize resource use and the impact on the environment.

Key Facts 8.2: Managing Resource Use 4 5
As you have seen from listing resources you use in your daily routine and from talking to others,
we all use resources every day. Many of these resources have to do with the use of:
1. Water: use in brushing teeth, bathing, flushing the toilet; washing dishes by hand or
with a machine, washing and preparing food; caring for outdoor plants; use of water in
industrial processes such as cooling
2. Energy: use of electricity, gas, other fuels. We use electricity in so many ways – for
lighting, computers and other office equipment, appliances
3. Paper: toilet roll, kitchen towels, paper for printing or photocopying, newspapers,
magazines, posters, cardboard
In Module 8: Applying Environment Work Standards NC Level 1, we learned about strategies to
reduce waste. These same principles also apply to how we can conservatively and efficiently
use resources and minimize waste at home and in the workplace.
NC I Review of the 7 R’s of Sustainability
✓ Rethink: Rethink how you view natural resources. Understanding that natural resources
are limited can greatly influence the choices you make in your everyday life.
✓ Refuse: Sustainability defines refuse as refusing to accept or support products or
companies that harm the environment.
4
Yasalonis, A. (n.d.). Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: How to practice environmental sustainability every day.
http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/polkco/2018/02/01/reduce-reuse-recycle-practice-environmental-sustainability-everyday/. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
5
Greener Workplace. (June 27, 2017). 13 Energy Saving Ideas for a Sustainable Workplace.
https://www.alsco.com.au/2017/06/workplace-energy-saving-ideas/
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✓ Reduce: Reducing the number of resources used in your everyday life is the next step in
the resource management hierarchy. Start with small ways you can reduce your energy
usage, water usage along with reducing your garbage, food waste, plastic, and
transportation.
✓ Reuse: When you purchase an item, say a can of tomato sauce, think about how you are
paying for the sauce AND the jar or container it comes in.
✓ Repurpose: Before disposing of an item, consider the ways in which it could be
repurposed or repaired.
✓ Recycle: There are various local recycling programs that you can partake in. Note these
are all separate programs and must be sorted separately.
✓ Rot: Rot, also known as composting, is the act of turning food waste and other organics
back into nutrient-rich soil.
With these in mind, there are many things one can do to reduce waste and reduce resource
use, particularly when it comes to water, energy and paper. The following lists show examples
of actions one can take to contribute towards a more sustainable environment.
Reducing Water Use:
✓ Use washing machines and dishwashers only when they are full and on a power saving
setting if available
✓ Turn off water while brushing teeth, soaping up and shaving
✓ Take shorter showers
✓ Repair leaky faucets, toilets, pipes
✓ Replace items with water conserving products such as toilets, faucets and showerheads
✓ Collect rainwater
Reducing Energy Use:
✓ Turn off the lights when leaving a room
✓ Use natural light from outside when possible
✓ Use energy saving lightbulbs that require less energy and last longer
✓ Use power-save modes on equipment and machinery (e.g. computers, photocopiers)
✓ Turn off computers when they are not in use for long periods of time
✓ Use laptops instead of desktops
✓ Cooling and heating systems: Use fans instead of air conditioners if possible and turn off
heat or air conditioners when building or rooms not in use
✓ Turn hot water systems off if not needed for longer periods of time
✓ Upgrade outdated equipment
✓ Use public transport
✓ Reduce the number of trips made in a car – e.g. when going to run errands, when
delivering items wait until several items need to be delivered
✓ Use renewable resources such as solar and wind power to generate electricity
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Reducing Paper Use:
✓ Send electronic versions of letters, reports, etc. instead of hard copies when possible
✓ Print double-sided
✓ Store electronic files instead of paper files
✓ Buy recycled paper
Reducing waste:
✓ Recycle plastic, glass, paper, aluminum cans
✓ Compost food waste
✓ Re-use or re-purpose materials such as wood, bricks
✓ Buy products that have minimal packaging
✓ Buy in bulk at the market to avoid excessive packaging
✓ Use your own shopping bags instead of plastic shopping bags
✓ Drink from a re-useable water container
✓ Avoid disposable cups, cutlery, etc when possible
https://lahsecoengg.wordpress.com/2020/10/27/7-principles-of-solid-waste-management/
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Activity 4: Sustainability Policies and Practices in the Workplace
Objectives:
✓ Identify sustainability policies and practices in the workplace
✓ Define management strategies that can help a business become more
environmentally sustainable while still being able to thrive
 Recommended Time: 30 – 45 minutes
As you can see, there are many ways in which individuals, businesses and organizations
can put practices into place that will reduce the use of resources and minimize waste,
resulting in a healthier and more sustainable environment. These types of actions are in
line with global efforts that aim to mitigate climate change and promote environmental
stability. The Philippines has a Climate Change Commission (CCC) and a Cabinet Cluster
on Climate Change Adaptation, Mitigation and Disaster Risk Reduction (CCAM-DDR). A
number of laws are in place, including, for example, the Climate Change Act 2009
(Republic Act No. 9729, the Philippine Green Jobs Act, 2016 (Rep. Act No. 10771), and the
Renewable Energy Act of 2008 (Rep. Act No. 9513).6
Companies need to be aware of the different laws and regulations in place as well as have
the commitment to promote sustainable practices in the workplace. What types of
strategies do you think companies need to put into place to contribute towards healthier
and more environmentally sustainable workplaces?

Write your thoughts or anything that you know about Climate Change and the steps
that the Philippine government is doing now (establishing a Commission, Republic Acts,
etc.). Do you think these are enough? Why or why not?
6
New Climate Institute. (October 2019). Climate Governance: Assessment of the Government’s Ability and
Readiness to Transform the Philippines into a Zero Emissions Society.
https://climateactiontracker.org/documents/663/2019-10-31_CAT_ClimateGovernance_Philippines.pdf
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
Learner’s Handbook
Read the scenario and help Ms. Ocampo identify steps she might take to reduce waste
and resource use.
Ms. Ocampo runs a food processing business that produces canned goods. After noticing
that her electricity and water bills kept increasing every month, she decided it was time to
make changes to the daily operations to ensure that resources were not being wasted and
to contribute to the overall health of the environment. What steps can she take to start
making such changes?
Read below for more ideas!

Key Facts 8.2: Sustainable Policies and Practices in the Workplace7 8
As climate change has become more evident in the world, there is a lot more awareness of the
importance of running “green” businesses. Conserving water and electricity, having a recycling
program and managing chemicals are among the examples of efforts companies are making. A
number of management strategies can help a business become more environmentally
sustainable while still being able to thrive.
1. Make a commitment to reducing resource use and waste.
2. Develop a system of regularly monitoring and assessing levels
of resource use.
3. Set and communicate the goals related to resource use and
management.
4. Educate and engage employees so they are involved in the
monitoring and assessing of resource use and waste management.
5. Develop and implement an action plan: With your employees
determine the processes and practices currently being used and
how these can be altered to include more sustainable practices.
6. Evaluate progress and recognize achievement.
https://line.17qq.com/articles/mkpmnwgqy.html
7
Press 8 Editorial Team. (n.d.). What is Sustainability Policy and Why Your Company Needs One.
https://www.press8.com/what-is-a-sustainability-policy-and-why-your-company-needs-one/
8
Lotich, P. (May 29, 2019). 8 Sustainable Business Practices – Are You Doing Your Part?
https://thethrivingsmallbusiness.com/sustainable-business-practices/
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Activity 5: Using Data to Assess Resource Use
Objectives:
✓ Determine types of data and information to gather to assess resource use
✓ Collect and analyze data related to resource use
 Recommended Time: 45 – 60 minutes
So far we have discussed ways to reduce resources and waste and the importance of
having policies and procedures in place to support sustainable practices. To systematically
put this into action will require not only changes in everyday practices but also a way to
collect information and data to be able to monitor progress! What type of information or
data do you think will be important to collect to help understand the use of resources and
monitor any progress made towards reducing use? Write your thoughts below.
A first step to take is to understand your current practices related to resource use and
waste management.
1. What resources are you currently using? What practices are associated with this
resource use?
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2. Waste management: What type of waste are you creating? How is it handled?
Depending on the size and type of activities of the company, you might organize this
data collection by division or unit. If you are in a smaller company or just doing this for
your household, you could create a simple table and record your observations.
Let’s Apply: Current Resource Use
Let’s try doing an initial assessment of the resources we are using and waste we are generating.
You can do this for your own household. Consider the main resources of water, energy
(electricity, fuel) and paper you use. How are these used? How much is used in a day, a week, a
month? How would you know?
Resource Used
Ways in Which Resource
Used
Amount Used
To determine the amount used, you could look at your electricity bills or water bills. For paper
products you can keep track of what type of paper you use, how often you buy it and in what
quantity. If you record this data or keep a good filing system of the bills or invoices, you can
compare from one month to the next. You can determine when you are spending more and when
you are spending less and determine reasons why. This information will inform you if actions you
take to reduce resource usage is working or not.
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Let’s Exercise! Analysis of Utility Bills
Look at the following data that shows 1) a sample water bill and 2) a bar graph of electricity
consumption over the course of a year. Answer the questions following each example.
1. What information does a water bill
contain that can be helpful in
determining if the actions you are
taking to conserve water are
successful or not?
2. How did this company’s water
consumption change between the
previous month’s meter reading and
the current reading? Did water use go
up or down?
3. If there was a big drop or an increase in water consumption from one month to the
next, what might have brought about that change?
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Electricity Consumption Over a Year
1. What information does the bar graph tell you?
2. How can this information be useful to a company that is trying to monitor its electricity
use?
3. When is electricity use the lowest? The highest? Why might this be?
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4. What advice would you give to this company if it is trying to reduce electricity use?
When collecting data to understand and monitor resource use, it will be important to
establish a system of keeping the information. This could be hard copies (paper) or to be
more efficient and sustainable, electronic copies. With either system, you will need to
organize your files in a logical way so that people can access the information. This way,
the information can be analyzed, an action plan developed and implemented, and then
monitored.
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. It’s
always great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care ☺
Go ahead and share your answers to the questions above with your family and
friends! Ask them what their experiences and opinions are in trying to use data to
monitor the use of resources such as water, electricity and paper.

Performance Criteria Checklist
The Performance Criteria Checklist is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
outcomes in the session and know how well you did in doing the activities in this
session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.
Conduct a quick self-assessment and answer the table below.
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Statements
Did you…
Learner’s Handbook
Please check YES if you have shown
or can do the statement, NO if you
haven’t shown it or cannot do it yet
YES
NO
1. Identify sustainable development practices in
the workplace?
2. Identify and resolve environment issues in the
workplace?
3. Define management strategies that can help a
business become more environmentally
sustainable while still being able to thrive
4. Identify types of key resources used in the
workplace?
5. Collect, measure and analyze workplace
resources usage
6. Improve workplace resource utilization
Guide to the Learner and Facilitator’s Discussion:
Topics to discuss during the Learning Check:
1. Parts of the module that were the easiest to answer/do.
2. Parts of the module that were the hardest to answer/do.
3. Parts of the module that need further clarification or explanation.
4. Additional support needed by the learner from the facilitator.
5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session.
6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of content,
skills development, and pace in answering the module.
7. Plans for how the learner will move forward with the module.
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Session 1 – Writing Space
Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any
thoughts or ideas that have come to mind on the topic.
Congratulations! You have completed the session onIdentify the efficiency and
effectiveness of resource utilization. You are now ready to move to the next session on
Determine causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness of resource utilization.
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SESSION 2: Determine Causes of Inefficiency and/or Ineffectiveness of Resource
Utilization
Performance Criteria:
2.1
Potential causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are listed
2.2
Causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are identified through deductive
reasoning
Identified causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness are validated through
established environmental procedures
2.3
 Key Topics and Learning Points 
1. Resource conservation and waste reduction techniques
2. Inefficiencies and challenges faced in reducing resource use and waste
 As you or the business you work for set up a system to promote sustainability practices at
home or in the workplace, you will realize that there are challenges that can get in the
way of efficiently and effectively reducing resource use and minimizing waste.
 Commitment to setting realistic sustainability goals, involving employees, collecting and
analyzing data, and making changes to the practices in the workplace are all key to
effectively reducing resource use and waste in the workplace.
 There are many challenges in reducing resource use and waste include, for example, the
mindset of people used to doing things the same way, the expense of replacing old worn
out machinery and equipment with more energy efficient ones, lack of commitment to
systematically address issues related to sustaining the environment, the lack of an
effective recycling system…
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Activity 6: Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction Techniques
Objectives:
✓ Identify resource conservation and waste reduction techniques
✓ Analyze ways in which you are challenged at home and in the workplace in reducing
resource use and waste
 Recommended Time: 30 – 45 minutes
In Session 1 we identified many different actions that can be taken to reduce the usage
of main resources including water, energy, and paper. Then we focused on how there has
to be commitment by management to make their businesses and organizations more
green. A systematic way of collecting and analyzing data is necessary to assess any
progress being made towards a sustainable workplace and environment. Let’s see what
you remember as effective practices to conserve resources and minimize waste by doing
the following exercise.
Let’s Exercise! Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction Techniques
Read the statements one by one and put a  if the statement is about effective resource
conservation or minimizing waste and  if it is not.
1
Print draft document using the back of misprint documents
2
Employees bring own tumblers for coffee and water
3
Use Desktop computer rather than laptops
4
Use LED lights for lighting
5
Set air condition to high throughout the day to keep employees
comfortable
6
Repair leaky faucets
7
Burn discarded materials and containers to keep the workplace tidy
8
Buy products with a lot of packaging for protection
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9
Avoid re-using or re-purposing materials such as bricks and wood
10
Recycle materials and containers, separating them into bins for aluminum,
glass, plastic and paper
As you or the business you work for set up a system to promote sustainability practices
at home or in the workplace, you will realize that there are challenges that can get in the
way of efficiently and effectively reducing resource use and minimizing waste. The
information or data you gather and analyze will begin to tell you a story of what might be
working well and where the challenges lie.
Reflect on your situation at home or at work. Consider any data or information you have
that can help you understand the story. Make a list of the challenges you face in reducing
resource use and minimizing waste. In the next activity you will find out from others what
their greatest challenges and inefficiencies are!
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Activity 7: Inefficiencies in Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction
Objectives:
✓ Describe challenges and inefficiencies of reducing resource use and waste faced by
different types of businesses
 Recommended Time: 45 – 60 minutes
Based on your own experiences, you have been able to identify some inefficiencies in your
home at workplace that make it challenging to reduce resource use and waste. Let’s find
out more from others!
Let’s Apply: Mini-Project 1: Best Practices in Resource Conservation and
Waste Reduction
In this mini-project, you will be interviewing three (3) individuals about their
workplace’s efforts in conserving resources and reducing ways. There are different ways
in conducting an interview that you can use. If this is your first time to conduct an
interview, here are a few tips:
Mode
Face-to-face
Things that • Request
you need
• Cool, quiet, and
comfortable
room/venue
Tips
•
•
•
•
Focus on the
person while
asking questions
Maintain eye
contact
Listen and record
once a question
has been
answered
Do not interrupt
while he/she
responds to your
Phone
• Request
• Phone
• Load credits
• Good signal
•
•
•
Focus on the
conversation over
the phone
Since your voice is
key, convey
energy with
inflection in your
voice.
Listen to the
response of the
interviewee
carefully during
Video (Online)
• Request
• Gadget for online
meeting
• Internet
connection
• Can be done via
online platforms
(like FB
Messenger, Zoom,
Google Meet, etc.)
• Do a technical trial
run to make sure
your equipment is
working correctly
• Make sure your
gadget is fully
charged
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queries
Learner’s Handbook
the conversation
1. Interview 3 individuals who are already working (preferable as an Administrative Officer,
Office Administrator, HR Officer, or Supplies and Materials Officer) and ask them:
a. What resource conservation and waste reduction techniques are you using in
your workplace?
b. What type of data do you collect and analyze to monitor how well these
techniques are working? How often is this done and by who?
c. What are the main challenges you face in reducing resource use and waste?
What does your data tell you?
d. How can you address these challenges that are causing inefficiencies in resource
use and waste reduction?
2. Record their answers below.
Interview 1
Interview 2
Interview 3
Name of the Interviewee
Position
Name of Workplace
Resource Conservation &
Waste Reduction Techniques
or Best Practices
Information on Data
Collection and Analysis
Inefficiencies and Challenges
Faced in Reducing Resource
Use and Waste
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Interview 1
Learner’s Handbook
Interview 2
Interview 3
Suggestion on How to
Address Inefficiencies and
Challenges
1. Which of the resource conservation techniques or best practices are common to all
three? Which of them are unique to their workplace or industry?
2. What are the main challenges these industries phase? Are these universal or unique to
the industry?
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3. Create an infographic or poster that contains the best practices for resource
conservation.
Read additional information on the next page about the potential challenges and inefficiencies
in resource use and waste reduction. You can add to this list with what you have learned from
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your interviews and from your own experience!

Key Facts 8.3: Inefficiencies in Resource Use and Waste Reduction
There are many reasons why there might be challenges to reducing resource use and
minimizing waste. This is where commitment to setting realistic sustainability goals, involving
employees, collecting and analyzing data, and making changes to the practices in the workplace
is key. The following list provides examples of why there might be challenges in reducing
resource use and waste. You have probably identified other challenges from your interviews
with people from different businesses.
•
Mindset and lack of
education or training on
environmental
sustainability: Some
people might be set in
routine practices that are
not environmentally
sustainable or they might
not have the awareness.
•
Lack of commitment from
the management of a
business to systematically
try to address issues of
sustainability
•
Lack of opportunities to
recycle: In some places
there may not be
recycling centers or
programs in the town of
the location of the
business
https://depositphotos.com/vector-images/recycle-cans.html
•
Creating large amounts of waste: Waste can be in many different forms – paper from
old reports and other documentation, fuels or chemicals from the manufacturing
process, dirty water
•
Large amounts of packaging: Materials the business buys to sell or produce their goods
may be packaged in excessive plastic or paper
•
Inefficient or old machinery
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•
Costs to replace inefficient or old machinery and equipment may be prohibitive
•
Needing to travel far distances for work: Different businesses require some form of
travel to conduct business. The further the travel is the more fuel that needs to be used.
•
Lack of energy efficient resources such as LED lightbulbs or energy saver refrigerators
and other appliances
While these are all challenges, it is important to remember that a lot of steps can be taken
every day in the home and the workplace to reduce the use of resources and amount of waste
we are creating.
Sharing is caring
This section encourages you to share your output with family and friends. You worked
hard on this so now it is time to tell others about the task you have just completed. It’s
always great to share your thoughts and hear feedback from people who care ☺
Go ahead and share your infographic to your family and friends! Don’t forget to
explain your thoughts and the process you took in creating this output.
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
Learner’s Handbook
Performance Criteria Checklist
The Performance Criteria Checklist is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
outcomes in the session and know how well you did in doing the activities in this
session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.
Conduct a quick self-assessment and answer the table below.
Statements
Did you…
Please check YES if you have shown
or can do the statement, NO if you
haven’t shown it or cannot do it yet
YES
NO
1. Identify resource conservation and waste
reduction techniques?
2. Analyze ways in which you are challenged
at home and in the workplace in reducing
resource use and waste?
3. Describe challenges and inefficiencies of
reducing resource use and waste faced by
different types of businesses?
Guide to the Learner and Facilitator’s Discussion:
Topics to discuss during the Learning Check:
1. Parts of the module that were the easiest to answer/do.
2. Parts of the module that were the hardest to answer/do.
3. Parts of the module that need further clarification or explanation.
4. Additional support needed by the learner from the facilitator.
5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session.
6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of content,
skills development, and pace in answering the module.
7. Plans for how the learner will move forward with the module.
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Session 2 – Writing Space
Use this space to complete any of the written assignments above or write any
thoughts or ideas that have come to mind on the topic.
Congratulations on finishing Session 2 of Module 8!
You are now ready for Session 3!
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SESSION 3: Convey Inefficient and Ineffective Environmental Practices
Performance Criteria:
3.1
3.2
3.3
Efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilization are reported to
appropriate personnel
Concerns related to resource utilization are discussed with appropriate
personnel
Feedback on information/concerns raised are clarified with appropriate
personnel
 Key Topics and Learning Points 
1. Complying to workplace procedures and practices related to environmental sustainability
2. Reporting non-compliance
 Compliance to practices related to resource use is necessary to be able to grow as a
business and for a sustainable environment.
 Reporting non-compliance is necessary for growth and sustainability.
 Reporting non-compliance can be done in a way that increases awareness of employees’
understanding of a sustainable workplace and environment
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Activity 8: Compliance and Reporting Information
Objectives:
✓ Explain the importance of complying to workplace procedures and practices and the
necessity to report breaches
✓ Handle situations of non-compliance regarding resource use
 Recommended Time: 30 – 60 minutes
As part of an effort to reduce resource use and waste, a company will put into place
policies and procedures. Documenting and reporting will most likely be part of this
process. Depending on the size of the company, different employees might have
responsibilities in collecting data, reporting on resource use or waste management and
reporting any breaches of workplace policies and procedures.
Think About It!
You work for a large insurance
company as an Administrator.
You have been tasked with
providing a weekly report to the
Senior Management on the use
of paper and electricity in your
division. You have a checklist of
items that you monitor each
week. This checklist includes
items such as how many reams
of paper have been used in the
photocopiers and printers, how
much paper is in the recycling
bins, the use of power saving
mode on employees’
Source: https://unsplash.com/photos/PglontV79i0
computers, whether or not
employees are turning the lights
and equipment off before leaving at the end of the day, etc.
You have noticed that over the last few weeks your division is not doing well at adhering to
several of the practices that are supposed to now be in place. Mainly, they are not turning their
computers off at the end of the day, they leave the lights on in the office and they are not
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recycling used paper that is no longer needed. You have gently reminded your colleagues of the
policies and practices in place regarding conserving resources but not much is changing.
Your supervisor has called you into her office to report on the information you have collected.
1. What will you report to your supervisor?
2. How can you share your findings with those in your division so they understand what is
happening?
3. How can you work together with your division to improve resource use?
4. Is it necessary to report non-compliance of policies and practices to supervisors? Why or
why not?
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While it may be difficult to report colleagues for non-compliance to workplace policies
and procedures, it is important to follow the company procedures and do so. They might
have a report from for you to fill out or you may discuss the issues you are seeing in a
meeting with your supervisor.
It is also possible to do it in a non-confrontational manner. Share the results with your
colleagues and let them analyze the data. Soon they will feel like a part of the process and
will be more diligent about saving electricity and water use.
Without accountability, people will not be motivated to change their practices, leading to
potential issues in the workplace. Compliance to practices related to resource use is
necessary to be able to grow as a business and for a sustainable environment.
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Activity 9: Compliance to Resource Conservation in the Workplace
Objectives:
✓ Discover how a range of businesses handles non-compliance to workplace
sustainability policies and practices.
 Recommended Time: 45 – 60 minutes
Now let’s take a closer look at what is happening in real workplaces. Similar to the last
Mini-Project, you will interview employees from 3 different places. Try to find new people
to interview so you can have some more exposure to other businesses.
Let’s Apply: Mini-Project 2: Complying to Resource Conservation and
Waste Reduction Policies in the Workplace
In this activity, you will interview 3 individuals about their workplace’s policy on
resource conservation and waste reduction. You can refer back to Activity 7 for tips on
interviewing using different modes. Choose the best means depending on your context
and resources.
1. Interview 3 individuals who are employed with different types of businesses or
organizations. Ask them to share with you:
a. Policies and practices in their workplace that promote a sustainable
environment.
b. How their company tracks resource use and what happens if the information
gathered indicates that employees are not complying with sustainable practices.
2. Record their answers below.
Interview 1
Interview 2
Interview 3
Name of the Interviewee
Position
Name of Workplace
Policies and Practices that
Promote a Sustainable
Environment
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Interview 1
Learner’s Handbook
Interview 2
Interview 3
Methods in Which Business
Collects Information on
Resource Use
Actions Taken When there is
Non-Compliance
1. How similar or different are the sustainability policies and practices of the three
businesses?
2. Were there any unique ways in which the businesses handled non-compliance to
sustainability policies and practices?
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
Learner’s Handbook
Performance Criteria Checklist
The Performance Criteria Checklist is an opportunity for you to assess your learning
outcomes in the session and know how well you did in doing the activities in this
session. You will speak to your facilitator to:
1. Share your experiences in completing the session.
2. Discuss your development and progress towards the intended skills.
3. Plan how you will move forward to continue making progress in the module.
Conduct a quick self-assessment and answer the table below.
Statements
Did you…
Please check YES if you have shown
or can do the statement, NO if you
haven’t shown it or cannot do it yet
YES
NO
1. Convey inefficient and ineffective
environmental practices?
2. Explain the importance of complying to
workplace procedures and practices and
the necessity to report breaches?
3. Handle situations of non-compliance
regarding resource use?
Guide to the Learner and Facilitator’s Discussion:
Topics to discuss during the Learning Check:
1. Parts of the module that were the easiest to answer/do.
2. Parts of the module that were the hardest to answer/do.
3. Parts of the module that need further clarification or explanation.
4. Additional support needed by the learner from the facilitator.
5. Review and check of the learner’s answers and outputs for the session.
6. Feedback on the learner’s performance in terms of the following: mastery of content,
skills development, and pace in answering the module.
7. Plans for how the learner will move forward with the module.
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SESSION 4: Review and Assessment
Activity 9: Post-Module Learner’s Reflection
Objectives:
✓ Identify what the trainee learned in the module
✓ Assess one’s knowledge and skills gained upon
completion of the module
 Recommended Time: 10-20 minutes
What have you learned about exercising efficient and effective sustainable practices in
the workplace? Create a concept map/s using the space provided below.
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What questions do you now or still have
about the topic?
Learner’s Handbook
How will you use what you have learned
and what actions are you going to take
moving forward?
Let’s Exercise: Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
Below is a performance task where you will come up with plans and suggestions on ensuring
that efficient and effective sustainable practices are implemented in your or other’s
workplaces. If you are already working, you can answer the worksheet below, if not then you
need to interview an employee in a nearby workplace.
Name of the Learner
Name of the Employee (if through interview)
Name of the Organization/Company
1. Describe the current situation of the utilization of resources in the workplace.
2. What seems to be the gap/challenge/need of the workplace in terms of utilization of
resources? What is your basis for this assessment?
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3. Identify at least 3 strategies and the specific steps to take in addressing the
gap/challenge/need of the workplace in terms of efficient and effective sustainable
practices.
Strategy
Steps on Implementing the Strategy
4. What are the current best practices of the workplace in exercising efficient and effective
sustainable practices?
5. How can these practices be further improved or promoted in the workplace?
Rubric for the Performance Task
Note to the learner/trainee: Your trainer will be using this rubric to assess your output.
Name of the Trainee/Learner
Name of the Trainer
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Statement
The learner was able to…
Learner’s Handbook
1
2
3
4
Beginning
Developing
Mostly
Accomplished
Accomplished
1. Describe the current
situation of the
workplace
2. Identify the
needs/challenges/gaps
of the workplace in
terms of effective and
efficient sustainable
practices
3. Explain/describe how
the needs, challenges,
or gaps are seen in the
workplace
4. Identify 3 strategies to
address the needs,
challenges or gaps.
5. Outlined specific steps
for all the strategies
identified.
6. Enumerated best
practices of the
workplace in terms of
efficient and effective
sustainable practices.
7. Identified ways on
improving and
promoting the best
practices
Comments/Suggestions /Feedback:
What Went Well
Even Better If
Work Readiness Modules on 21st Century Skills | USAID Opportunity 2.0 Program| Philippines
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Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
in the Workplace (NC II)
Learner’s Handbook
Overall Feedback and Recommendation:
Learner’s Reflection:
Applying Environment Work Standards (NC I Level)
End-of-Module Skills Check
Now that you have reached the end of the module, let us see if you are able to develop the
necessary skills in applying environment work standards. Conduct a self-assessment and
complete the table below.
Statements on my experience, knowledge, skills and abilities /
Mga pahayag tungkol sa aking kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan
Circle YES if you have shown or can do
the statement, NO if not.
I can… / Kaya ko nang…
Bilugan ang Oo o Hindi kung naipakita o
nagawa mo na ang mga pahayag.
Yes
No
Oo
Hindi
Define management strategies that can help a business become
more environmentally sustainable while still being able to thrive
Matukoy ang mga estratehiya sa pamamahala na nakatutulong sa
isang negosyo upang maging makakalikasan at manatiling may
maayos na operasyon.
Identify types of key resources used in the workplace /
Magtukoy ng iba’t ibang uri ng mga pangunahing resources sa
lugar ng trabaho
Collect, measure and analyze workplace resources usage /
Makoleta, masukat at masuri ang paggamit ng resources sa
trabaho
Improve workplace resource utilization /
Mapahusay ang paggamit ng resources
Identify resource conservation and waste reduction techniques
Matukoy ang mga pamamaraan upang matipid ang resources at
mabawasan ang kalat o basura sa trabaho.
Analyze ways in which you are challenged at home and in the
workplace in reducing resource use and waste
Masuri ang mga paraan upang masubukang magbawas ng kalat o
basura sa bahay o lugar ng trabaho.
Determine causes of inefficiency and/or ineffectiveness of resource
utilization /
Matukoy ang mga sanhi ng pagiging inefficient at/o hindi
epektibong paggamit ng resources
Convey inefficient and ineffective environmental practices /
Maibahagi ang mga hindi epektibo at/o hindi efficient na paggamit
ng mga resources at mga gawaing pangkalikasan
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Yes
Oo
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
No
Hindi
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Work Readiness Modules on 21st Century Skills | USAID Opportunity 2.0 Program| Philippines
Page 55
Module 8: Exercising Efficient and Effective Sustainable Practices
in the Workplace (NC II)
Learner’s Handbook
Statements on my experience, knowledge, skills and abilities /
Mga pahayag tungkol sa aking kaalaman, kasanayan at kakayahan
Circle YES if you have shown or can do
the statement, NO if not.
I can… / Kaya ko nang…
Bilugan ang Oo o Hindi kung naipakita o
nagawa mo na ang mga pahayag.
Yes
No
Oo
Hindi
Explain the importance of complying to workplace procedures and
practices and the necessity to report breaches
Maipaliwanag ang kahalagahan ng pagsunod sa mga pamamaraan
sa lugar ng trabaho at kahalagahan ng pag‐uulat ng mga hindi
pagsunod sa panuntunan.
Handle situations of non-compliance regarding resource use
Matugunan ang mga pagkakataong hindi nakasusunod sa
panuntunan sa paggamit ng resources.
Yes
Oo
No
Hindi
Look at your answers, were there boxes where you circled No? If there are, go back to the
activities in the module that will help you gain the skill identified in the statement. You can also
reach out to your facilitator/trainer to provide you with guidance on what activities you can do
in order to master the skill.
Work Readiness Modules on 21st Century Skills | USAID Opportunity 2.0 Program| Philippines
Page 56