GENERAL NOTES: 1. This revision game is best played in groups of 2 - 5 players (if more, it is too long to wait for a turn). 2. In class settings, the game can be used for group work. Once a player finishes the game, they can do other revision tasks while allowing another student to join in the game. 3. Cards can be to be printed on coloured paper instead of the coloured ink used in the table below. 4. I would recommend laminating both cards and the board. 5. You will need dice (one “1-6” cube per turn is enough) and as many tokens as there are players (can be random small objects, for example, paperclips of different colours). 6. The teacher needs to serve as a referee for judging the responses. One of the students can also play this role with the answer sheet provided. 7. The overall winner can be established in several ways: i. The first player to get “pregnant”. ii. The player with the most “pregnancies”. 8. It is not necessary to have a winner; students enjoy the game and get the benefits of revision no matter how fast they get to “pregnancy”. 9. The game assumes that everyone plays a role of a female going through the menstrual cycle. Males and females in the class usually find it hilarious to play and don’t mind. However, if anyone objects, then it is better to refer to tokens as players and refer to the token on the board when reading out the action cards. GAMEPLAY: 1. 2. 3. 4. Everyone starts at the “journey begins”. The oldest player in the group starts first. On their turn, the player rolls dice and moves the game piece for the appropriate number of spaces. Landing on the circle of a certain colour prompts the player to draw a card from the corresponding colour pile (red, orange, green, blue or white). 5. The player is then required to adjust the gameplay according to the card's instructions. 6. If the result of the action on the card lands the player on a new spot, the player does not need to draw another card. The player will just wait till the next turn to roll the dice again. 7. Players that land on any green spaces can advance to pregnancy IF they correctly answer the appropriate green card. Or if they roll 1 on the dice on their turn. 8. If a player lands on the yellow spot, they get arrested there until they name the process correctly. If correct, then they are allowed to roll the dice and proceed to the appropriate space on the board. 9. The only way to win (end the game for this player) is to end up on “pregnancy”. 10. After finishing the game (“pregnancy”), the player may return for a second chance at a child, starting at the beginning. 11. Alternatively, a new player can join in after one is out of the game. 1 2 Your breasts start to grow 3 Your body hair starts to grow, you are shy and confused Advance 2 places. 4 6 Name a hormone that is responsible for puberty in females 7 Name three secondary sexual characteristics in females If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 8 At what age girls start their first period? If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 10 If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 13 You learned everything about the STDs and male and female reproductive systems, you are ready! Go to day 1 of the cycle. Name all the parts of the male reproductive system If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 14 Name three secondary sexual characteristics in males If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. Where is the oestrogen produced? If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 9 11 What STD stands for? Go to day 1 of the cycle. Skip a turn. 5 If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. You started your first period! Name a hormone that is responsible for puberty in males If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. Name all the parts of the female reproductive system If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 12 Where is testosterone produced? If correct: Go to day 1 of the cycle. If incorrect: Go to start. 15 You are a moody teenager and you refuse to admit that puberty is here right now Skip a turn. 1 2 3 Oh no!!!! You leaked; and now you need to change your clothes You got a case of severe menstrual cramps You forgot to track your period and it took you by surprise Skip a turn. Skip a turn. Skip a turn. 4 5 You are taking progesterone pills (birth control) 6 You are prepared and have extra pads You are prepared and have extra tampons Advance 2 places. Advance 2 places. Advance to day 6. 7 8 Which tissue is the source of all the blood during menstruation? If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Go to day 1. What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) 11 What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Stay in place. If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Stay in place. If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Go to day 1. If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Stay in place. 12 14 What is the cause of the start of FSH production? What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Stay in place. 10 13 9 At what stage of development is the follicle at this part of the cycle? (growing, reducing, stable small or stable large) If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Go to day 1. 15 Why the endometrium sheds? If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Go to day 1. Drop in which hormone triggers menstruation? If correct: Go to day 6. If incorrect: Stay in place. 1 2 3 Which stage of meiosis is the oocyte at this part of the cycle? Name all the parts of the female reproductive system If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 4 5 What is the effect of the FSH? 6 What is the reason FSH starts to be produced? If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 9 Where is FSH produced? Where is oestrogen produced? If correct: Stay in place. If incorrect: Go to day 6. If correct: Stay in place. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 11 Which cells produce oestrogen? What stops FSH production? If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 8 10 If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. What is the role of oestrogen in this part of the cycle? If correct: Stay in place. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 7 At what stage of development is the follicle at this part of the cycle? (growing, reducing, stable small or stable large) 12 What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Stay in place. If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Stay in place. 13 14 15 What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Stay in place. If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Stay in place. What happens to the endometrium at this part of the cycle? If correct: Go to day 12. If incorrect: Go to day 6. 1 2 You are taking progesterone pills (birth control) 3 You are very responsible adult and You just started your dream job decided that you are not ready to and are not ready to put your have sex and children career on hold to have kids Advance to day 18. Advance to day 18. Advance to day 18. 4 5 6 Ovum met a sperm and formed a zygote!!!! You forgot to take a pill from your daily birth control pill kit You met the love of your life, got married and had unprotected sex You advance to Pregnancy. You advance to Pregnancy. You advance to Pregnancy. 7 8 9 What triggers the release of LH? What is the effect of LH? Where is LH synthesized? If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 10 11 What is the name of two hormones produced by the pituitary? What is the name of two hormones produced by the ovary? Name all the parts of the male reproductive system If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 13 What effect does LH have on the follicular cells in the ovary? If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 12 14 What is the name of the process of releasing the egg from the follicle? If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 15 When in the cycle ovulation happens? If correct: you advance to Pregnancy. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 1 2 Drop in levels of which two hormones trigger menstruation? Name all the parts of the female reproductive system What happens to the follicle at this part of the cycle? If correct: advance 6 days. If incorrect: go back 3 days. If correct: advance 3 days. If incorrect: stay in place. If correct: Go to day 28. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 4 3 5 What is the effect of progesterone and oestrogen on the pituitary hormones? 6 What is the effect of progesterone in this part of the cycle? What happens to the corpus luteum in this part of the cycle? If correct: advance 3 days. If incorrect: stay in place. If correct: Go to day 28. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: advance 6 days. If incorrect: go back 3 days. 7 8 9 Name 4 hormones responsible for menstrual cycle Where in the female reproductive system you will find ovum at this stage? Where is progesterone produced? If correct: advance 6 days. If incorrect: go back 3 days. 10 If correct: advance 3 days. If incorrect: stay in place. 11 You are going through a lot of stress which caused your menstrual cycle to be unstable. Period came early If correct: Go to day 28. If incorrect: Go to day 18. 12 What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) If correct: Go to day 28. If incorrect: Go to day 18. If correct: advance 3 days. If incorrect: stay in place. Advance to day 1. 13 14 15 What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) What happens to the endometrium at this part of the cycle? If correct: advance 6 days. If incorrect: go back 3 days. If correct: advance 3 days. If incorrect: stay in place. If correct: Go to day 28. If incorrect: Go to day 18. Answer key White (Puberty) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. -------------. Name a hormone that is responsible for puberty in females. - OESTROGEN Name three secondary sexual characteristics in females. –any of the following: ENLARGEMENT OF BREASTS, WIDENING OF THE HIPS, GROWTH OF THE BODY HAIR, ENLARGEMENT AND CHANGE OF COLOR IN THE EXTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. 6. Where is the oestrogen produced? --- OVARIES. 7. At what age do girls start their first period? --- 11-15. 8. ----9. Name all the parts of the female reproductive system --- OVARIES, FALLOPIAN TUBES, UTERUS, CERVIX, VAGINA. 10. What STD stands for? --- SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE. 11. Name all the parts of the male reproductive system --- TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, VAS DEFERENS (SPREM DUCT), SEMINAL VESICLE, PROSTATE, URETHRA, (BULBOURETHRAL GLAND), ERECTILE TISSUE, PENIS. 12. Where is testosterone produced? --- TESTES. 13. Name three secondary sexual characteristics in males --- any of the following: ENLARGEMENT OF THE PENIS, WIDENING OF THE SHOULDERS, GROWTH OF THE BODY AND FACIAL HAIR, and DEEPENING OF THE VOICE. 14. Name a hormone that is responsible for puberty in males ---TESTOSTERONE. 15. ------ Red (Menstruation) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ------------------------Which tissue is the source of all the blood during menstruation? – Endometrium detaches from the uterine walls (accept endometrium or uterus lining). 8. What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) -- Levels of progesterone are stable and low. 9. What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --Low but rising. 10. What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --- High, relatively stable. 11. What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high)--- Low and stable. 12. At what stage of development is the follicle at this part of the cycle? (growing, reducing, stable small or stable large) --- growing 13. What is the cause of the start of FSH production? --- Drop in levels of progesterone (and estrogen) that removes the inhibition of FSH production. 14. Why the endometrium sheds?--- Because of the drop in the levels of progesterone. One of the roles of progesterone is to maintain the thickness of the endometrium. 15. Drop in which hormone trigger menstruation? --- Progesterone. Orange (Follicular phase) 1. Which stage of meiosis is the oocyte at this part of the cycle?--- arrested in the Metaphase (I) of meiosis I. 2. Name all the parts of the female reproductive system - --- OVARIES, FALLOPIAN TUBES, UTERUS, CERVIX, VAGINA. 3. At what stage of development is the follicle at this part of the cycle? (growing, reducing, stable small or stable large) – growing. 4. What is the effect of the FSH? – In biological females, FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of the follicle in ovaries. (In biological males, FSH promotes the maturation of the spermatozoids). 5. What is the role of oestrogen in this part of the cycle? – It stimulates the endometrium to grow and thicken. Estrogen stimulates an increase in FSH receptors in the dominant follicles, making them more receptive to FSH. 6. What stops FSH production? – High levels of oestrogen and progesterone 7. What is the reason FSH starts to be produced? – Because levels of progesterone drop due to the deterioration of the corpus luteum. 8. Where is FSH produced? – Pituitary gland. 9. Where is oestrogen produced? – Ovaries. 10. Which cells produce oestrogen? – Follicular cells of ovaries. 11. What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) -- stable and low. 12. What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --rising. 13. What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --- rising (rising until day 5, then slowly decreasing due to the inhibition by oestrogen). 14. What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --- stable low. 15. What happens to the endometrium at this part of the cycle? --- growing and thickening. Green (Ovulation) 1. ----2. ----3. ----4. ----5. ----6. ----7. What triggers the release of LH? --- High levels of estrogen. 8. What is the effect of LH? --- It stimulates the progress of meiosis in the oocyte (from Metaphase I until Metaphase II) and causes partial digestion of the follicular wall causing it to burst open and release the egg. LH also converts follicular cells into the corpus luteum. 9. Where is LH synthesized? --- Pituitary gland. 10. What is the name of two hormones produced by the pituitary? --- Luteinising Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone. 11. What is the name of two hormones produced by the ovary? --- Oestrogen (estrogen) and Progesterone. 12. Name all the parts of the male reproductive system --- --- TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, VAS DEFERENS (SPREM DUCT), SEMINAL VESICLE, PROSTATE, URETHRA, (BULBOURETHRAL GLAND), ERECTILE TISSUE, PENIS. 13. What effect does LH have on the follicular cells in the ovary? --- it causes partial digestion of the follicular wall causing it to burst open and release the egg. LH also converts follicular cells into the corpus luteum. 14. What is the name of the process of releasing the egg from the follicle? --- ovulation. 15. When in the cycle ovulation happens? --- day 14 (accept 13-15). Blue (Luteal phase) 1. Drop in levels of which two hormones trigger menstruation? --- FSH and progesterone. 2. Name all the parts of the female reproductive system --- OVARIES, FALLOPIAN TUBES, UTERUS, CERVIX, VAGINA. 3. What happens to the follicle at this part of the cycle? --- It is functioning as corpus luteum, slowly decreasing in size unless pregnancy happens. 4. What is the effect of progesterone and oestrogen on the pituitary hormones? --- Progesterone inhibits FSH and LH production, and oestrogen inhibits FSH when it reaches the pituitary and stimulates the LH. The stimulatory effect on LH of estrogen is overwritten here by much higher levels of progesterone. 5. What is the effect of progesterone in this part of the cycle? --- It maintains the thickness of the endometrium and inhibits FSH and LH production. 6. What happens to the corpus luteum in this part of the cycle? --- It is slowly decreasing in size. 7. Name 4 hormones responsible for the menstrual cycle --- LH, FSH, oestrogen and progesterone. 8. Where will you find the ovum at this stage in the female reproductive system? --- Fallopian tubes in the beginning, endometrium later on if implantation happens, or uterus if oocyte remains unfertilized. 9. Where is progesterone produced? --- corpus luteum in ovaries. 10. -----11. What are the levels of progesterone at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) -- rising until a peak, then gradually falling to very low at the end of the cycle. 12. What are the levels of oestrogen at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --low, rising to a low peak around day 21, then falling again. 13. What are the levels of FSH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --- low and stable. 14. What are the levels of LH at this part of the cycle? (rising, falling, stable low or stable high) --- --- low and stable. 15. What happens to the endometrium at this part of the cycle? --- it is maintained at the optimum thickness for implantation.
