Introduction
This paper summarizes the research papers on supply chain management and organizational
performance, which are "The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive
advantage and organizational performance", "The effect of supply chain management practices
on supply chain and manufacturing firms' performance", and "The effect of supply chain
management practices on supply chain and manufacturing firms' performance". The last study is
titled "Supply chain practices and performance: the indirect effects of supply chain integration"
and it is based on empirical research from a developing country”. This paper shows the summary
of the main issues that are presented in each paper mentioned above, summary of the findings
presented in the paper, the aapplication of the findings in industries in Tanzanian context, and
lastly the conclusion presented in the paper.
Title of the article: "The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive
advantage and organizational performance"
Summary of the main issues addressed in the article "The impact of supply chain management
practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance":
The article focuses on the relationship between supply chain management (SCM) practices,
competitive advantage, and organizational performance. It defines SCM as the coordination of
business functions and tactics within the supply chain to improve individual organizations and
the supply chain as a whole. The article identifies five dimensions of SCM practices: strategic
supplier partnership, customer relationship, information sharing, quality of information sharing,
and postponement. It discusses the importance of competitive advantage and proposes a
framework to test the relationships among SCM practices, competitive advantage, and
organizational performance.
Summary of the findings presented in the paper:
The study validates the measurement model and structural model to examine the relationships
between SCM practices, competitive advantage, and organizational performance. The analysis
demonstrates the following key findings:
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1. Validity and reliability: The measurement items for SCM practices, competitive
advantage, and organizational performance are reliable and valid. The constructs
demonstrate high internal consistency and explain a significant proportion of the
variance.
2. Relationships between SCM practices and performance: The study confirms that higher
levels of SCM practices are associated with better organizational performance. Effective
SCM practices directly influence competitive advantage, leading to improved
organizational performance.
3. Mediating role of competitive advantage: Competitive advantage mediates the
relationship between SCM practices and organizational performance. Implementing
effective SCM practices contributes to competitive advantage, which, in turn, positively
affects organizational performance.
4. Contextual factors: The study acknowledges that industry type, firm size, position in the
supply chain, and supply chain length may influence the implementation and
effectiveness of SCM practices. The findings highlight the importance of considering
contextual factors when implementing SCM practices.
Application of the findings in industries in the Tanzanian context:
The findings of the paper have several applications in various industries in Tanzania:
1. SCM Practices: Tanzanian industries, such as manufacturing, retail, agriculture, and
logistics, can adopt the identified SCM practices. This includes establishing strategic
supplier partnerships, enhancing customer relationships, sharing information effectively,
ensuring quality information sharing, and implementing postponement strategies.
2. Competitive Advantage: Tanzanian companies can leverage SCM practices to gain a
competitive edge. Implementing effective SCM strategies, such as cost management,
quality improvement, and time-to-market optimization, can differentiate companies in
industries like agriculture, manufacturing, and services.
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3. Organizational Performance: Adopting SCM practices can enhance overall organizational
performance. Industries such as manufacturing, construction, and transportation can
benefit from improved operational efficiency, cost reduction, and increased customer
satisfaction.
4. Contextual Factors: Tanzanian companies need to consider contextual factors specific to
their industries. Industries like tourism, mining, and telecommunications may have
unique supply chain challenges and requirements that require tailored SCM practices.
Conclusion presented in the paper:
The article concludes that SCM practices are crucial for building sustainable competitive
advantage and improving organizational performance. It emphasizes the need to consider
industry-specific factors when implementing SCM practices. The findings provide insights for
practitioners and researchers, and the application of effective SCM practices can contribute to the
growth and development of Tanzanian industries. Further research can explore additional
dimensions and context-specific SCM practices to enhance understanding and application.
"The effect of supply chain management practices on supply chain and manufacturing
firms' performance":
Supply chain management (SCM) is a crucial set of activities that involve planning, organizing,
and controlling the flow of goods and services from suppliers to customers. The effective
implementation of SCM practices can lead to improved performance for both supply chains and
individual firms. The article "The effect of supply chain management practices on supply chain
and manufacturing firms' performance" highlights several key SCM practices and their impact on
firm performance.
1. Strategic supplier partnerships: Developing strong relationships with suppliers can lead to
better collaboration, coordination, and trust. This practice enables firms to enhance their
supply chain efficiency, reduce costs, and improve overall performance.
2. Level of information sharing: Sharing relevant information with supply chain partners
allows
for
better
coordination
and
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decision-making.
It
facilitates
real-time
communication, reduces information asymmetry, and enables timely responses to
changes in demand or supply.
3. Quality of information sharing: Not only is information sharing important, but the quality
of shared information also plays a significant role. Accurate, complete, and reliable
information enables supply chain partners to make informed decisions, reduces
uncertainties, and improves overall performance.
4. Customer service management: Focusing on customer satisfaction and providing superior
service can lead to increased customer loyalty, repeat purchases, and positive word-ofmouth. Effective customer service management ensures that customer demands are met
efficiently throughout the supply chain.
Summary of the findings presented in the paper:

There are significant relationships between supply chain management practices (SCMP),
supply chain performance (SCP), and firms' performance (MFP).

SCMP positively impact both SCP and MFP.

SCP has a positive impact on MFP.

Improving operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and innovation are intermediate
variables through which SCM practices influence firm performance.
Application of the findings in industries in the Tanzanian context:

Tanzanian industries can benefit from implementing effective supply chain management
practices to enhance supply chain performance and overall firm performance. Industries
such as manufacturing, agriculture, retail, and logistics can focus on practices that
improve supply chain flexibility, integration, customer responsiveness, and supplier
performance.

Optimizing supply chain activities can lead to improved operational efficiency, customer
satisfaction, and profitability.
Conclusion presented in the paper:
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
Effective supply chain management practices positively impact supply chain performance
and firm performance.

All dimensions of supply chain management practices contribute to supply chain
performance, emphasizing the importance of adopting sound practices.

The adoption of effective supply chain management practices directly influences firms'
overall performance, including financial performance, market share, and competitiveness.

Improvements in supply chain performance positively influence firms' performance
outcomes.

Investing in effective supply chain management practices is crucial for enhancing overall
performance in Tanzanian industries.
The effect of supply chain management practices on supply chain and manufacturing
firms’ performance
Summary of the main issues presented in each paper mentioned above:

The article discusses the gap between theory and practice in supply chain management
(SCM) due to its interdisciplinary nature and evolutionary characteristics.

The authors argue that studying specific SCM practices adopted by different countries
and industries can help bridge this gap and understand unique characteristics within
particular contexts.

The focus is on the Jordanian manufacturing sector as a unique context for studying SCM
practices.
Summary of the findings presented in the paper:

There is a significant positive relationship between SCM practices and supply chain
performance (SCP).

All SCM practices together have a significant impact on SCP.
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
There is a strong positive correlation between SCM practices and overall firm
performance (MFP).

SCP has a significant positive influence on MFP.
Application of the findings in industries in Tanzanian context:
1. SCMPs and SCP: Tanzanian manufacturing firms can benefit from adopting effective
SCMPs to improve SCP.

Strategies such as efficient inventory management, streamlined logistics, and effective
supplier relationships can enhance SCP in Tanzanian firms.
2. SCMPs and MFP: Tanzanian manufacturing firms can focus on improving SCMPs to
positively impact MFP.

Effective SCMPs like lean manufacturing practices, quality management systems, and
collaboration with key stakeholders can contribute to improved productivity, cost
reduction, and enhanced competitiveness.
3. SCP and MFP: Optimizing supply chain processes, reducing lead times, improving
delivery reliability, and enhancing customer satisfaction can positively impact MFP in
Tanzanian firms.
Conclusion presented in the paper:

SCM practices play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of supply chains and
manufacturing firms.

The study provides empirical evidence supporting the positive relationship between SCM
practices, SCP, and MFP.

The findings have implications for both researchers and practitioners in the field of SCM.

The article emphasizes the importance of implementing and measuring SCM practices for
supply chain and manufacturing firm performance improvement
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Impact of supply chain management practices on firm performance Empirical evidence
from a developing country”
Summary of the main issues addressed in the article:
Complex retail environment: The retail industry in India is becoming more complex due to
competition, changing consumer preferences, and shorter product life cycles. Managing the
supply chain effectively becomes challenging in such an environment.
Underdeveloped infrastructure: The infrastructure in India, including roads, airports, seaports,
railways, and information technology, is relatively underdeveloped compared to other countries.
This lack of infrastructure hampers the maturity and efficiency of the supply chain.
Lack of technology adoption: Many retailers in India still rely on outdated methods for tracking
shipments, resulting in a lack of real-time inventory and order visibility. The low integration of
technology in supply chain processes leads to missed sales opportunities.
Taxation and cost inefficiencies: The complex taxation system in India increases overall costs for
retailers. Additionally, long purchase order lead times cause delays in product availability.
Summary of the findings presented in the paper:
The study found that supply chain management practices (SCMPs), including customer
relationship management (CRM), supplier relationship management (SRM), goal congruence
(GC), and information sharing (IS), have a significant impact on supply chain performance
(SCP) and firm performance (FP). CRM and SRM were particularly influential in SCP, while
GC indirectly affected FP through SCP.
Application of the findings in industries in Tanzanian context:
The findings of the paper can be applied to various industries in Tanzania. Tanzanian industries
can benefit from implementing effective supply chain management practices, prioritizing
customer relationship management, fostering supplier relationships, promoting information
sharing, enhancing supply chain coordination, and recognizing the mediating role of supply
chain performance in driving firm performance.
Conclusion presented in the paper:
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The article concludes that effective supply chain management practices are crucial for enhancing
supply chain performance and firm performance in the organized retail industry in India. By
improving SCMPs, such as CRM, SRM, GC, and IS, retailers can achieve operational
efficiencies, process improvements, and overall profitability. The study provides valuable
insights for both research and supply chain managers in the organized retail sector, emphasizing
the strategic role of SCMPs in driving performance
Supply chain practices and performance: the indirect effects of supply chain integration
Summary of the main issues addressed in the article "Supply chain practices and performance:
the indirect effects of supply chain integration":

Lack of understanding of comprehensive SCMPs: Many organizations struggle to
implement effective supply chain management strategies because they lack a clear
understanding of what constitutes a comprehensive set of supply chain management
practices (SCMPs).

Importance of SCMPs for collaboration, performance, and competitiveness: The article
highlights the importance of SCMPs in improving organizational collaboration,
performance, and competitiveness in the global market.

Need for supply chain integration (SCI): The article focuses on the mediating role of
supply chain integration (SCI) in the relationship between SCMPs and supply chain
performance (SCP). It emphasizes the importance of integrating supply chain activities
and processes for improved performance.

Focus on the electronics manufacturing industry in Malaysia: The study chooses the
electronics manufacturing industry in Malaysia as a case study due to its significant
contribution to the country's manufacturing output, exports volume, and employment
opportunities. The industry has a high level of supply chain implementation.
Summary of the findings presented in the paper:

All seven dimensions of SCMPs (information quality, information sharing, customer
relationship management, supply strategic partnership, agreed vision and goals,
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postponement strategies, and risk and reward sharing) are significantly positively
associated with SCI and SCP.

Information quality, agreed vision and goals, and postponement strategies are fully
mediated by SCI in their influence on SCP.

Supply strategic partnership, customer relationship management, and information sharing
are partially mediated by SCI.

Risk and reward sharing has no effect on SCI and performance.

The positive effects of SCMPs and SCI on SCP are supported empirically, confirming
previous research studies.
Application of the findings in industries in Tanzanian context:

Enhancing organizational collaboration: Fostering collaboration and coordination among
various stakeholders in the supply chain can lead to improved performance and
competitiveness in any industry in Tanzania.

Identifying comprehensive SCMPs: Organizations in Tanzania need to understand and
implement a comprehensive set of SCMPs that are aligned with their specific industry
characteristics and requirements.

Strategic nature of SCMPs: SCMPs should aim to improve the performance of individual
organizations and the entire supply chain, which applies to all industries in Tanzania.

Mediating role of SCI: Recognizing the importance of integrating supply chain activities
and processes to fully leverage the benefits of SCMPs and achieve improved performance
in all industries in Tanzania.

Importance of specific SCMPs: Prioritizing specific SCMPs based on their potential
impact on SCI and SCP can guide organizations in Tanzania in improving their overall
supply chain performance.
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Conclusion presented in the paper:
The study concludes that there is a significant relationship between SCMPs, SCI, and SCP in the
electronics manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Implementation of SCMPs positively influences
SCI, which, in turn, leads to improved SCP. The study emphasizes the importance of
implementing comprehensive SCMPs to enhance supply chain integration and improve supply
chain performance. However, the findings are specific to the electronics manufacturing industry
in Malaysia, and further research is needed to determine the applicability of these findings to
other industries in Tanzania or different contexts.
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