Transport in flowering plants Water and mineral salts. Roots Transport in flowering plants Water and mineral salts. Sucrose and amino acids. Leaves Products of photosynthesis Roots Transport in flowering plants XYLEM Water and mineral salts. PHLOEM Sucrose and amino acids. Leaves Products of photosynthesis Roots Transport in flowering plants XYLEM Water and mineral salts. Roots Water (and mineral) movement into the root Water (and mineral) movement into the root More concentrated solution inside Less concentrated solution outside (more DILUTE) Water (and mineral) movement into the root More concentrated solution inside WATER WATER Less concentrated solution outside (more DILUTE) Water (and mineral) movement into the root More concentrated solution inside WATER WATER Less concentrated solution outside (more DILUTE) In root hair cells water moves from the surrounding soil into the cell by osmosis, along a concentration gradient Water (and mineral) movement into the root Root hair cell with a high concentration of nitrate ions. Soil with a lower concentration of nitrate ions. Water (and mineral) movement into the root When substances are moved into a cell where there is already a higher concentration, then ENERGY from respiration will be required. Root hair cell with a high concentration of nitrate ions. Soil with a lower concentration of nitrate ions. Water (and mineral) movement into the root When substances are moved into a cell where there is already a higher concentration, then ENERGY from respiration will be required. Root hair cell with a high concentration of nitrate ions. Energy will be used to ‘pull’ nitrate ions from the surrounding soil into the cell Soil with a lower concentration of nitrate ions. Water (and mineral) movement into the root When substances are moved into a cell where there is already a higher concentration, then ENERGY from respiration will be required. Root hair cell with a high concentration of nitrate ions. This is Active Transport Energy will be used to ‘pull’ nitrate ions from the surrounding soil into the cell Soil with a lower concentration of nitrate ions. Water (and mineral) movement into the root When substances are moved into a cell where there is already a higher concentration, then ENERGY from respiration will be required. Root hair cell with a high concentration of nitrate ions. This is Active Transport Root hairs provide roots with a much greater surface area. Energy will be used to ‘pull’ nitrate ions from the surrounding soil into the cell Soil with a lower concentration of nitrate ions. Water movement through the plant Water (and dissolved mineral salts) are moved from the roots up through the plant in xylem vessels. Water movement through the plant Water (and dissolved mineral salts) are moved from the roots up through the plant in xylem vessels. Water movement through the plant Water (and dissolved mineral salts) are moved from the roots up through the plant in xylem vessels. Water movement through the plant Water (and dissolved mineral salts) are moved from the roots up through the plant in xylem vessels. Xylem vessels contain a strengthening material called lignin and are dead. Water movement is ‘passive’. Leaf structure Cross section through a leaf Leaf structure Cross section through a leaf Vascular bundle containing xylem vessels and phloem tubes Leaf structure Cross section through a leaf Xylem Vascular bundle containing xylem vessels and phloem tubes Phloem Water movement through the plant Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) 2. Water passes from xylem vessels in the stem to leaf cells by osmosis. Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) 2. Water passes from xylem vessels in the stem to leaf cells by osmosis. 3. This ‘pulls’ the water up through the xylem to replace that being lost. Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) 2. Water passes from xylem vessels in the stem to leaf cells by osmosis. 3. This ‘pulls’ the water up through the xylem to replace that being lost. 4. Water enters the xylem vessels in the stem from root tissue to replace the water that has moved upwards. Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) 2. Water passes from xylem vessels in the stem to leaf cells by osmosis. 3. This ‘pulls’ the water up through the xylem to replace that being lost. 4. Water enters the xylem vessels in the stem from root tissue to replace the water that has moved upwards. 5. Water enters the root hair cells by osmosis to replace water which has entered the xylem. Water movement through the plant 1. Water evaporates from the internal leaf cells through the stomata (TRANSPIRATION) 2. Water passes from xylem vessels in the stem to leaf cells by osmosis. 3. This ‘pulls’ the water up through the xylem to replace that being lost. 4. Water enters the xylem vessels in the stem from root tissue to replace the water that has moved upwards. 5. Water enters the root hair cells by osmosis to replace water which has entered the xylem. Evaporation of water from the leaf results in water being drawn through the plants from the roots = the TRANSPIRATION STREAM Water loss from the leaf Stoma Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O Water evaporates from the stomata ( = TRANSPIRATION) Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O The Stomata can open and close in order to control the amount of water lost. Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O If the plant loses too much water then it will wilt Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O If the air around the leaf is very humid then less water will be lost. Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O On a windy day more water will be lost from the leaf surface. Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O On a hot day more water will be lost from the leaf surface. Water loss from the leaf H2O H2O H2O As light intensity increases, the stomata open more, so more water is lost. Sucrose and amino acid movement through the plant Sucrose and amino acids are made in the leaves. They are transported to all parts of the plant in phloem tubes. Sucrose and amino acid movement through the plant Sucrose and amino acids are made in the leaves. They are transported to all parts of the plant in phloem tubes. Sucrose and amino acid movement through the plant Sucrose and amino acids are made in the leaves. They are transported to all parts of the plant in phloem tubes. Sucrose and amino acid movement through the plant Sucrose and amino acids are made in the leaves. They are transported to all parts of the plant in phloem tubes. The cross walls do not completely break down, but instead from sieve plates. Sucrose and amino acid movement through the plant Sucrose and amino acids are made in the leaves. They are transported to all parts of the plant in phloem tubes. Phloem tubes are living, and the movement of sucrose and amino acids is thought to be an active process.
