SHS Physical Education and Health 4 Module 4 Physical Education and Health 4 Grade 12 Module 4 First Edition, 2020 Copyright © 2020 La Union Schools Division Region I All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the copyright owners. Development Team of the Module Author: Joan C. Bugayong, MT I Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II Management Team: Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr. Schools Division Superintendent Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D Assistant Schools Division Superintendent German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS Delia P. Hufalar, Ph.D., EPS in Charge of MAPEH Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II Physical Education and Health 4 Module 4 Target Heart rate is helpful from Physiological viewpoint as an indicator of aerobic exercise intensity and aerobic or cardiovascular fitness. This module will help you monitor your exercise intensity and effort through physiological indicators such as heart rate, rate of perceived exertion(RPE), and pacing. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. analyze the physiological indicators such as heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and pacing associated with MVPAs to monitor and/or adjust participation or effort. ( PEH12FH-Ik-t-9); 2. perform various physical activities from light to vigorous physical activities; and 3. value the importance of engaging into various activities with different levels of exertion . Before going on, proceed to the next page and accomplish the pre-test. 1 PRE-TEST Direction: Label the artery parts of the body to locate pulse beat. Write the correct answer on the boxes provided in the illustration. (7 points) ___EM___OR___L C___R___ ____ID B____AC____I ____L ____EM____R____L R___D___AL POPLITE____L DOR____ALIS PEDIS 2 Jumpstart Read Me! Understand Me! Activity I: THE BEAT GOES ON Direction: To get the most precise reading, put your finger over your pulse and count the number of beats in 60 seconds. Your resting heart rate is the heart pumping the lowest amount of blood you need because you are not exercising. If you are sitting or lying and you are calm, relaxed and not sick, your heart rate is normally between 60 beats per minute and 100 beats per minute. To be able to count the number of your heartbeats in one minute, do the activity below. A. Your prediction I think I will have _________ pulse beats in one minute. Do you think your heartbeat will be the same for each activity below? ___________ (answer: YES or NO) B. Count the number of your heartbeats in one minute on each location. Your Name Measurement of pulse from neck(BPM) Measurement of pulse from wrist (bpm) Measurement of pulse from temple(bpm) Measurement of pulse from temple while walking(bpm) C.1 Compare the results of your pulse beat. What are your observations based on the results? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ C.2 What are some other ways to check your pulse beat with accurate result? ___________________________________________________________________ RUBRICS- Calculation of Heart Rate Calculated Target Heart Rate Reflection Met the objectives of the task _____/5 _____/5 Total: _____/15 _____/5 3 Activity II: I HEAR THE BEAT OF MY HEART! Direction 1. Find a stopwatch, watch or wall clock that displays time in seconds. 2. Practice taking your resting pulse first. If you know how to find your pulse while sitting or lying quietly, it will be much easier to find during exercise. Use one of the following counts to calculate your heart’s beats per minute (bpm): Record your heart beats. Compare it with the target heart rate below. Count your heart beats for six seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 10 to get your bpm. Count your heart beats for 10 seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 6 to get your bpm. Count your heart beats for 15 seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 4 to get your bpm. The heart rate for teens are: Light Physical Activity: Slightly above resting; up to about 120 beats per minute (bpm) for most teens. Moderate Physical Activity: 120-140 bpm for most teens. Vigorous Physical Activity: 140-180 bpm for most teens. Keep moving while taking your heart rate. Your heart rate will drop within 15 seconds if you stop moving. If you are having a hard time finding your pulse while exercising, find it before you begin exercising and draw an x on the pulse spot. A. Arrange the following steps in getting the pulse beat by indicating the correct order from 1-5. (5 points) _____I. Multiply by four to calculate beats per minute. _____II. Using the first and second fingertips, press firmly but gently on the arteries until you feel a pulse on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb. _____III. Count your pulse for 15 seconds. _____IV. Begin counting the pulse when the clock's second hand is on the 12. _____V. When counting, do not watch the clock continuously, but concentrate on the beats of the pulse. 4 B.Multiple choices: Write the letter of your answer on the lines provided (5 points) ________ 1. From activity A, which of the following did you used to locate your pulse beat? A. Carotid B. Femoral C. Radial D. Temporal _________2. Which of the following is the possible resting heart rate (bpm) for a less active person of your age? A60-100 bpm B.70-110 bpm C.75-110bpm D.80-120 _________3. What is the ideal time to take your resting heart rate? A. Anytime of the day. B. In morning right after you wake up. C. In the evening before bedtime. D. In the morning after jogging. ________4. Which of the following is NOT true about Resting Heart Rate? A. RHR indicates your current cardiovascular health, training zone, and provide a benchmark for progress. B. RHR can help identify potential health problems. C. RHR should be too high or too low. D. Higher Resting Heart Rate indicates a higher level of cardiovascular fitness. _________5. Which of the following is a possible reason of a healthy person to have fast pulse beat? A. Anemia c. Heart problems B. Asthma d. Pregnant 5 Activity III: MY HEART BEATS! Direction: Follow the instructions below to complete the activity. A. Calculate your Heart Rate. Use any of the following techniques in getting your RHR. (Take your pulse while sitting or lying quietly). 1. Count your heart beats for six seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 10 to get your bpm. Result: __________________________________ 2. Count your heart beats for 10 seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 6 to get your bpm. Result: ___________________________________ 3. Count your heartbeat for 15 seconds. Multiply the number of heartbeats by 4 to get your bpm. Result: __________________________________ B. Record the result of your Resting Heart Beat (bpm) on the table below and compare it with the target heart rate chart. The first row is given as an example. Age RHR Target RHR Reflection/Recommendation 35 80 Below Average My RHB is high for my age. I should engage in Physical activities to decrease my heart rate. 6 RUBRICS- Pulse Beat Calculation Calculated Target Heart Rate _______/5 Completed Needs Analysis _______/5 Created Recommendations For Improvement Total: _______/5 ______/15 7 Activity III: RAISING MY HEART RATE Direction: Follow the directions to complete the task. A. Perform the three (3) tasks and record your heart rate after each one of them. Remain standing as you count your pulse using any of the techniques you applied in the previous activity. Take a rest after each activity until your heart rate returns to the normal resting rate. 1. Jogging in place (20 sec.) ____________ bpm 2. Jumping jacks (20 times) ____________ bpm 3. Step-ups (20 sec.) ____________ bpm 4. sprinting for (20 seconds) ____________ bpm 5. Push ups (5x) ____________ bpm B. Arrange from highest to lowest heart rate the different tasks you have just performed using the table given below. Task Heart Rate RUBRICS- Pulse Beat Calculation Calculated Target Heart Rate _______/5 Completion (Task 100% complete) _______/10 Total: _______/15 8 Discover The Heart Rate Measurement Heat rate is extensively used as an indicator or a gauge of aerobic exercise intensity and is helpful in creating aerobics exercise prescription. A. When is and what is normal heart rate? The parts of the body where you can get the heart rate: Wrists- radial Groin-femoral Neck(to the side of windpipe) Temple-temporal carotid Foot- dorsalis pedis Knee- popliteal Upper arm- brachial To get the most precise reading, put your finger over your pulse and count the number of beats in 60 seconds. Your resting heart rate is the heart pumping the lowest amount of blood you need because you are not 9 exercising. If you are sitting or lying and you are calm, relaxed and not sick, your heart rate is normally between 60 beats per minute and 100 beats per minute. However, a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute does not essentially indicate a medical condition. It could be the consequence of taking a drug like a beta-blocker. A lower heart rate is also ordinary for people who engage themselves in a lot of physical activity or those who are very athletic. Active people often have lower heart rate because their heart muscle is in better condition and do not need to work as hard to sustain a stable beat. Moderate physical activity does not frequently alter the resting pulse much. If a person is very fit, it could change up to 40 beats per minute. A less active person might have a heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute. The maximum heart rate is about 220 minus one’s age. In the age category closest to yours, read across to find your target heart rate. Heart rate during moderately intense activities is about 50% to 69% of one’s maximum heart rate while heart rate during vigorous physical activity is about 70% to less than 90% of the maximum heart rate. It is important to note that a few high blood pressure medications lower the maximum heart rate and consequently the target zone rate. However, if one is taking such medicine, it is necessary to consult a physician to find out if one needs to use a lower target heart rate. If your heart rate is too high and you are straining or experiencing tension, this means that you have slow down. However, if it is too low and the intensity feels “light” or “moderate brisk,” you may want to push yourself to exercise a little harder. B. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) The Borg (RPE) Scale Perceived exertion is how hard you feel like your body is working. The RPE is based on the physical vibrations your experience during physical activity characterized by: Increased sweating Increased heart rate Muscle fatigue Increased respiration or breathing rate 10 A high relationship exists involving a person’s perceived exertion rating times 10 and the actual heart rate during physical activity; so a person’s exertion rating may provide a good approximation of the actual heart arte during activity (Borg, 1998) The following table has the scale between 6 and 20. For instance, if a person’s rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is 12, then 12 x 10 = 120; so the heart rate should be approximately 120 beats per minute. The table below, which is based on the research of Borg, is useful for measuring the intensity of exercise. It is used in some research for that intention, but may also be used in training programs to illustrate the intensity of training sessions. COLOR Green Yellow BORG Explanation/ Perceived Exertion 6 No exertion at all 7 Extremely light 8 La, la, la 9 Very light – (easy walking slowly at a comfortable pace). This is the effort level where you cannot hear your breathing. You are able to easily talk and you can run for a very long time Light. Here you are building aerobic endurance. 10 11 12 Orange 13 14 15 16 Red 17 18 19 20 Somewhat hard (it is quite an effort; you feel tired but you can continue) You start to hear your breathing, not gasping for air. You can talk, but more challenging. Use one or two word answers. Hard- this is considered your steady state. Very hard (very strenuous and you are very fatigued) ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD. Breathing is vigorous. You cannot talk, you are reaching for air. Extremely hard (you are counting the minutes until it ends.) Maximal exertion. 11 Note that this calculation is only an estimate of heart rate, and the actual heart rate can differ a little, depending on age and physical state. The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion is also the ideal method to evaluate intensity among individuals who take medications that affect heart rate or pulse. Level of Exertion The level of exertion (LOE) for each activity differ from student-tostudent. For example, volleyball may be a Level 1 LOE for a student who is playing it recreationally and a higher level for a student who is playing competitively. A brisk walk may be Level 1 for a very active student and Level 3 for a more sedentary student. As students become more fit, both their LOE and their perceived LOE for a particular activity can change. Description Level 1: Very Light Effort The easiest and most comfortable level, burns few calories and can cause minimal sweating. Level 2: Light Effort Called the “cruise level,” “comfort level,” “recovery level,” or “fat burning zone” and can be sustained for extended periods of time. The main level for physical training, activities at this level can be continued for long periods for time. Level 3: Moderate Effort Level 4: Vigorous Effort A beginner can maintain this level for up to 15 minutes; a trained athlete can maintain this level for up to 60 minutes. Example Activities Walking, light yard work or housework, golf, yoga, tai chi, softball, doubles badminton, archery, and fishing. Long slow cycling, walking, hiking, volleyball, table tennis, recreational sports Swimming, cycling, tennis, soccer, running, basketball, power walking, dancing. Various high intensity sports such as basketball, soccer, hockey, running, climbing stairs, 12 Rating Very easy to easy. Easy to somewhat hard Somewhat hard to hard Hard to Very Hard wrestling, gymnastics Level 5: Maximum Effort High-performance training done during short intervals; intensity is high and the body will feel very warm. Sprints and high-speed intervals Very, very hard to maximum effort Do You Understand? C. Pacing Our body has finite resources- this is one of the significant things that any rational trainer or sports medicine expert will tell you. Whenever we exercise, to some extent, we crash our muscles and challenge or cardiovascular system. However, if we give our body time rest and recuperate from the excessive physical activities, we get stronger- the body rebuilds, and builds better. Nevertheless, if we do not give the body its essential time to repair by launching into another intense and all-out effort hastily, then the body is in for a disaster. On the other, it must not be forgotten that adequate nutrition is part of the equation as well; even if you rest and recover between workout sessions, if you are not receiving enough protein inside your body, the body is slowing down its ability to rebuild itself. Activity Pacing You may push yourself to do lots of physical activity when you are really motivated. Unfortunately, you will feel pain that is so severe that you have to rest for a long time to recover. This is called the Pain Cycle. It looks like this: Over activity Rest Pain People usually find themselves repeating the pain cycle over and over. Unfortunately, engaging into excessive physical activities can make your 13 pain worse, will make you more tired, tense, and worried. In the long run, you may find that you end up avoiding physical activities and exercise. The best way to avoid the pain cycle is to develop an activity rest cycle. You can do this by pacing yourself. That means you have to alternate planned periods of activity with regular rest periods. It looks like this: Activity Rest Rest Activity How Do You Design Your Own Personal Placing Schedule? a) Select any activity you wish to pace. Determine the amount of time you can be active before you start to feel worse (the Danger Zone). The “safe” zone (before symptoms worsen) will be the ACTIVITY time period. Base your future pacing of this activity on this TIME period (not when you are ready to collapse or when the task is done). b) Estimate a REST time period enough to recover from that short period of activity. c) Alternate: Activity time… rest time… activity time… rest time. d) Track your progress. You can SAFELY increase the activity time for this task gradually. For example, if after three days your symptoms or pain do not worsen, increase the activity time just a few minutes (and try to keep the rest time the same), keep increasing over three day intervals as long as pain does not worsen. 14 EXPLORE Assessment I Direction: Pick at least five activities that you do on a regular basis. Determine at which level of exertion you perform the activity. Give a description of your activity including how long you perform the activity and how you feel while doing it. You may refer to your previous lesson on pages 11-16. Activity Level of Exertion Fast Walking Level 3: Moderate Effort 15 Description I walk fast (almost jog) from my house to the school every day except on holidays. It takes me at least 15 minutes. Most times, I sweat a little and sometimes I feel a little out of breath when I get to my destination. RUBRICS- Fitness Activity Met the objectives of the task Correct Interpretaion of Activity Completion(Task is 100% complete) Total: ________/5 ________/5 ________/5 ________/15 Assessment II Direction: Choose activities that tend to increase your pain or fatigue. Activity 1:___________________________________________________________ Activity 2:___________________________________________________________ Activity 3:___________________________________________________________ 1. Decide how many minutes of activity and how many minutes of rest you will do for each activity. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2. Note the week’s starting goal for being active and rest for each activity. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Then record the activity-rest schedule you actually used that day for each activity. a. Record ratio of minutes active to minutes rested. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ b. Write the number of cycles of activity-rest you did in parentheses. If you completed Activity-Rest-Activity-Rest, you would write (2). _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ c. Write a one or two-word description of how you felt after the activity (e.g. rested, okay, hurt, tired, satisfied, and proud). _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. In the row marked “Overall,” write whether your activity level increased, decreased, or stayed the same for that activity over the week. Also, add up the number of pacing cycles you completed for the week and write that in parentheses. A good goal to shoot for is three cycles per day or 21 cycles per week. 16 Task Active Goal: Rest Goal: Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Overall Sample Gardening 10 min Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 15 min 10:15 (1) okay 10:15 (2) rested 10:15 (3) good job! 15:15 (1) tired 15:15 (2) better 15:15 (3) okay 20:15 (2) finished gardening Increasing (14) RUBRICS- Fitness Activity Met the objectives of the task Correct Interpretaion of Activity Completion(Task is 100% complete) Total: 17 ________/5 ________/5 ________/5 ________/15 DEEPEN Activity I. MY MODERATELY INTENSE EXERCISE Direction: Calculate (compute) your exercise heart rate to be able to identify the tasks that you will engage for a moderate level of intensity. Follow the steps indicated below. STEP 1. Use the equation 208 – (0.7 x age) a. 0.7 x __________y/o (age) = __________ b. 208 - __________ (answer to a.) = _________ STEP 2. Subtract your resting heart rate (beats per minute or bpm) from your answer in Step 1. _______ (Step 1) - _______bpm (Resting Heart Rate) = _________ STEP 3A. (For minimum heart rate): Multiply your answer in Step 2 by 40%. _______ (Step 2) x 0.40 = _______ STEP 4A. Add your resting heart rate to your answer in Step 3. This represents the MINIMUM heart rate you should try to achieve when exercising at a MODERATE intensity. _______ (Resting Heart Rate) + _______ (Step 3.A) = __________ STEP 3B. (For maximum heart rate): Multiply your answer in STEP 2 by 55%. _______ (Step 2) x 0.55 = _______ ST EP 4B. Add your resting heart rate to your answer in Step 3. This represents the MAXIMUM heart rate you should try to achieve when exercising at a MODERATE intensity. _______ (Resting Heart Rate) + _______ (Step 4 ) = __________ For moderately intense exercise, my exercise heart rate should be: _____ bpm to _____ bpm RUBRICS- Fitness Log Calculated Heart rate with accuracy __________/5 Completion(Task is 100% complete) __________/5 Met the Objective of task __________/5 Total: _________/15 18 Activity II. MY VIGOROUSLY INTENSE EXERCISE Direction: Calculate (compute) your exercise heart rate to be able to Identify the tasks that you will engage for a VIGOROUS level of intensity. Follow the steps indicated below. STEP 1. Use the equation 208 – 0.7 (age) a. 0.7 X __________y/o = __________ b. 208 - __________ (answer to a.) = _________ STEP 2. Subtract your resting heart rate (beats per minute or bpm) from your answer to Step 1. Step 1 _______ - resting heart rate _______bpm = _________ STEP 3A. (For minimum heart rate): Multiply your answer to Step 2 by 50%. Step 2 _______ x 0.50 = _______ STEP 4A. Add your resting heart rate to your answer from Step 3. This represents the MINIMUM heart rate you should try to achieve when exercising at a VIGOROUS intensity. Resting heart rate _______ + Step 3.A _______ = __________ STEP 3B. (For maximum heart rate): Multiply your answer to STEP 2 by 85%. Step 2 _______ x 0.85 = _______ STEP 4B. Add your resting heart rate to your answer from Step 3. This represents the MAXIMUM heart rate you should try to achieve when exercising at a VOGOROUS intensity. Resting heart rate _______ + Step 4 _______ = __________ For VIGOROUS intense exercise, my EXERCISE HEART RATE should be: ___________ bpm to ____________ bpm RUBRICS- Fitness Log Calculated Heart rate with accuracy Completion(Task is 100% complete) Met the Objective of task Total: 19 __________/5 __________/5 __________/5 _________/15 Activity III. EXERCISE LOG Direction: Read the instructions to accomplish the activity. A. Using the given table, record the EXERCISES that you engaged in, which raised your heart rate to at least moderate intensity levels, as well as your HEART RATE in each exercise and the TIME spent performing these exercises. Time Days Exercises HR (bpm) (hours: min) Morning Mon Afternoon Morning Tue Afternoon Morning Wed Afternoon Morning Thu Afternoon Morning Fri Afternoon Morning Sat Afternoon Morning Sun Afternoon B. Reflection: Name the first three (3) activities that raised your heart rate. _______________________________________________ . _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ C. Give three importance of engaging in various activities with different levels of exertion. _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ RUBRICS-Fitness Log Met the objectives of the task _____/5 Depth Reflection _____/5 Acuracy of entries in chart/log _____/10 Total: _____/20 20 GAUGE Direction: A. Read the article about Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). What Is Perceived Exertion? Perceived exertion is how hard you feel your body is working. When you are exercising your heart beats faster, your breathing becomes faster and deeper, you work up a sweat, and your muscles begin to tire and complain. The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale To rate your perception of exertion when you exercise, assign your exertion a number from 6 to 20 on the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale. The scale starts at 6, which means you feel no exertion, similar to simply standing still. Level 9 is what you feel like when you are walking at an easy pace. At level 12 to 14 you are in the moderate-intensity zone and it feels somewhat hard, as when walking briskly or jogging at an easy pace. At level 15 and above you feel heavy exertion and you are in the vigorous-intensity zone, as when running. How to Use the Perceived Exertion Scale After warming up at a light level of exertion, begin your workout. After a few minutes, assess your RPE from the scale How Borg RPE Reflects Heart Rate You may wonder why the Borg RPE scale starts at 6 and goes to 20. This is because it is designed to give you a good estimate of your actual heart rate during activity. To do this, multiply your RPE by 10 to get an estimated heart rate. For example, if your RPE is 12, then 12 x 10 = 120 beats per minute. https://www.verywellfit.com/rating-of-perceived-exertion-scale-3119445 B. Answer the following questions: 1. What is your level of Exertion after you engage in physical activities? Refer to the RPE chart below. __________________________________________________________________ 2. What is your estimated heart rate (bpm) based on the RPE scale? __________________________________________________________________ 21 3. If you feel that your RPE is below 12, what does it imply? What will you do to improve your intensity level of performance? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. If you feel that your RPE is above 19, what does it imply? Are you going to increase or decrease your resistance? Why? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ RUBRICSCritical Thinking _________/5 Depth Reflection _________/5 Completion(Task is 100% complete) _________/10 Total: _________/20 Congratulations! You have finished the activity! Keep up the good work! 22 References Printed Materials: Gialogo, R.C. & Gialogo, R.C.(2016). Fit For Life. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House Inc. Fernandez, A.T. (2016). Physical Education and Health (H.O.P.E. 1). Lipa City: Scolair Publishing. Websites: Pater, S. & Augustin, G. (2018) Digital photo plethysmograph. Retrieved July 26, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Arterial-pulsepoints-of-human-body-1Temporal-artery-2-Facial-artery-3Carotide_fig2_326717702 Robertson, R.J., Goss, F.L & Rutkowski, J. (2003). OMNI-Resistance Exercise Scale Retrieved July 26, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/figure/OMNI-Resistance-ExerciseScale-OMNI-RES-of-perceived-exertion_fig1_10916385 Cleveland Clinic Professionals.(2018). Pulse and Heart rate. Retrieved June 26, 2020. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/17402pulse--heart-rate Medical Education Division, Brookside Associates, Ltd. (2007).Vital Signs. Retrieved June 27, 2020 https://brooksidepress.org/Products/Nursing_Fundamentals_II/lesso n_4_Section_1B.htm Slide player. (2020). Examples of different RUBRICS style. (n. d.) Retrieved June 16, 2020 from https://slideplayer.com/slide/16301680/ MAPEH Grade 8 learning materials (Under K to12 curriculum) file: Retrieved on June 19, 2020 from///C: /Users/DepEd Admin/Desktop/worksheet%20guide/pe-q1-lm-cameraready130908005434-.pdf Physical Education Grade 7 Learner’s Material (Units 1 & 2) Retrieved June 18, 2020 from file:///C:/Users/DepEdAdmin/Desktop/worksheet%20guide/p-eunitiii-120811093452phpapp01.pdf Department of Education Central Office first edition (2016). Physical Education and Health Teacher’s guide. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/DepEdAdmin/Desktop/worksheet%20guide/PE%2011%20TG%20v3%20fina l.pdf 23