ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Patient’s Name / Room No. | 1 Female Internal Genital Organs Vagina - serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract. It also serves as the exit from the uterus during menses and childbirth. Uterus - Hosts the developing fetus, produces vaginal and uterine secretions, and passes the anatomically male sperm through to the fallopian tubes Fallopian tubes - The fallopian tubes are bilateral conduits between the ovaries and the uterus in the female pelvis. They function as channels for oocyte transport and fertilization. Cervix - The cervix is the lower portion (or the "neck") of the uterus. It is approximately 1 inch long and 1 inch wide and opens into the vagina. The cervix functions as the entrance for sperm to enter the uterus. During menstruation, the cervix opens slightly to allow menstrual blood to flow out of the uterus. The Ovaries - A female reproductive organ, often paired, that produces ova and in mammals secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone. The ovaries are the site of egg cell production and also have specific endocrine function. Cell Parts Nucleus - The nucleus sends out messages to tell the cell to grow, divide, or die. Plasma Membrane - To ensure each cell remains separate from its neighboring organelles Cytoplasm - The cytoplasm is the interior of the cell that surrounds the nucleus and is around 80 percent water; it includes the organelles and a jelly-like fluid called the cytosol. Endoplasmic reticulum - processes molecules within the cell and helps transport them to their final destinations. In particular, it synthesizes, folds, modifies, and transports proteins. Mitochondria - help turn energy from the food that we eat into energy that the cell can use — adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ribosomes - In the nucleus, DNA is transcribed into RNA (ribonucleic acid), a molecule similar to DNA, which carries the same message. Ribosomes read the RNA and translate it into protein by sticking together amino acids in the order defined by the RNA. Patient’s Name / Room No. | 2 Resources: LumenLearning(2020). Biology of Aging. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-herkimer-biologyofaging/chapter/anatomy-and-physiology-of-thefemale-reproductive-system/ LumenLearning(2021). Boundless anatomy and physiology. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ap/chapter/the-female-reproductive-system/ Tracee Cornforth(2021). Reproductive Health Issues: What to Know About Cervix Function and Female Health. Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-the-cervix-3520584 Biggers, Alana(2018). The cell: Types, functions and organelles. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320878#division Patient’s Name / Room No. | 3 Patient’s Name / Room No. | 4 Patient’s Name / Room No. | 5
