Weathering and Mass wasting Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces. It can be physical or chemical. Physical weathering occurs when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition. Chemical weathering occurs when rocks are broken down by chemical reactions that change their composition. Mass wasting is the movement of rock and soil down a slope due to gravity. It can be caused by many factors such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and heavy rainfall. Weathering and mass wasting are closely related. Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller pieces, which can then be transported by mass wasting. Mass wasting can also expose new rock surfaces to weathering.