Eukaryotic Micro-organisms: Fungi
Fungus:

can be single or _________________________________ eukaryotes.
o Single-celled are usually micro-organisms.

Ex. ______________________________________
o Muticelluar are usually macro-organisms.

Ex. ______________________________________

Heterotrophs meaning, they obtain nutrients from their environment.

many are ______________________________________________

cell walls are made of ____________________________________
Yeasts:

_________________________________________

Contain cell walls.

reproduce asexually by budding _________________________________________________________

some can reproduce ____________________________
Moulds:
 many are fuzzy or hair like in appearance.
o this is because of the arrangement of structures called
______________________________
o hyphae grow together to create a woven mass called
_______________________________
Fungi Structure:
 the bodies of most fungi are mesh-like.
 ______________________: branching network of
filaments [mesh of hyphae below ground]
 ______________________: thin filaments that make
up the body of a fungus.
External Digestion
 Rather than taking food inside their bodies, fungi grow next to or within their food source and
release digestive _____________________ into their surroundings.
 The enzymes break down the material into smaller molecules that can be absorbed.
Reproduction
 Most fungi reproduce
___________________________________________________________________
 Spores: reproductive structures produce by fungi, that serve as a means of dispersal, allowing
fungi to colonize new habitats.
 Spores can reproduce both sexually and asexually and are produce in specialized structure such
as mushrooms.
Asexual Reproduction
 Fungi can reproduce asexually in a variety of ways.
 The most common is by
__________________________________________
 Some fungi such as ________________, use a process called
______________________.
o During this process, a small bud forms on the parent
organism, which eventually separates and develops into a
new individual.
Sexual Reproduction
 Two compatible cells come together to exchange
____________________________________ and produce sexual
reproductive structures.
 Involves the fusion of specialized cells called gametes or hyphae.
 The resulting structure is called a sexual spore or
___________________________
 The sexual spores can be dispersed, and under favorable conditions,
germinate to form new fungi.
Why is fungi important?
1. Ecological Importance:
-
__________________________________________
o This process helps maintain soil fertility and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.
-
__________________________________________
o Some fungi facilitate nutrient uptake for plants and enhance their growth.
2. Economical Importance
-
Used in the production of various food and beverages.
o Ex. ___________________________________________________________
-
Used in the pharmaceutical industry.
o Ex. ___________________________________________________________
Good Fungi:
-
Edible fungi
o Ex. ___________________________________________________________
-
Medicinal fungi
o Ex. ___________________________________________________________
-
Industrial uses
o Ex. ___________________________________________________________
-
Environmental roles
o Ex.____________________________________________________________
Bad Fungi
-
Pathogenic Fungi: Fungi infections examples:

Candida


Dermatophytosis

-
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Toxigenic Fungi: Produce toxin such as mycotoxin [contaminate food] or aflatoxin
[carcinogens]
-
Plant Pathogens: ex. Irish Potato Famine