Transformation
of Toul Sangkae Railway
Community
09. KHEAN Rithy
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32. PRUM Siraphy
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39. SOK Rothanaksambath
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41. SUON Kosal
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43. THEANG Menghuo
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Slum?
Solution?
Table of
Contents
1
Introduction
2
Data Collection and Analysis
3
Goal Identification
4
Case Study
5
Strategies and Implementation
I. Introduction
Project Overview
I. Introduction
History of Urbanization in Phnom Penh
Site of Study:
Toul Sangkae Railway
Community
Site Location in Tuol Sangkae Commune
Phnom Penh
Cambodia
Tuol Sangkae Commune
Area: 6.136 km²
Population: 126,092 (2019)
Russey Keo District
Population Density 20,548/km²
Annual Population Change [2008 → 2019]: 8.3%
Legend:
Site Location
Green Area
Raiway Road
Oknha Kleang Moeung Street
1. Toul Sangkae Primary School
3. Electrical Substation (GS1)
2. Toul Sangkae Pagoda
4. Tuol Sangkae Market
5. Old Stadium
Legend:
Site Location
Green Area
Canal
Railway Road
Oknha Kleang
Moeung Street
Site Location
Legend:
Site Location
Green Area
Canal
Railway Road
Oknha Kleang
Moeung Street
Site Location
II. Data Collection
Timeline of Settlement
1990
7-8 Families started to occupy the land ,which was once a part of the railway track, woods, and natural ponds.
1992
Provision of electricity from government
2000
The arrival of more occupants. Deals between businessmen and settlers for sharing land in exchange for filling
their lands. Introduction of water supply from private owners.
2015
Removal of railway tracks to make way for the construction of a new road.
Present
Relocation of houses that sit on existing sewage pipes for the construction of wider roads.
Place of Origin
29%
14%
14%
Kampong Cham
- Sample of 2 out of 7 people
Takeo
- Sample of 1 out of 7 people
Prey Veng
- Sample of 1 out of 7 people
29%
14%
Takeo
- Sample of 2 out of 7 people
Tboung Khmum
- Sample of 1 out of 7 people
Period of Stay ( Sample of 6 People )
25%
25%
50%
Under 5
years
Within 5 and
10 years
Over 20
years
1 out of 4
samples
1 out of 4
samples
2 out of 4
samples
Since 2021
Since 2013
Since 1990
Occupation ( Sample of 6 People )
33%
17%
33%
17%
Housekeeper
Labourer
Vendor
PassApp
2 out of 6
samples
1 out of 6
samples
2 out of 6
samples
1 out of 6
samples
2 People
1 People
2 People
1 People
Household Sizes
( Sample of 5 Families )
2 People or Less
1 out of 5 Samples
Between
3 and 6 People
3 out of 5 Samples
10 or more People
1 out of 5 Samples
20%
60%
20%
Age
( Sample of 18 People )
Under 30 y.o.
8 out of 18 Samples
Between 30
and 50 y.o.
6 out of 18 Samples
Over 50 y.o.
4 out of 18 Samples
44%
33%
22%
Environment
( Sample of 4 Families )
Minor Problems
1 out of 4 Samples
OK
2 out of 4 Samples
Good
1 out of 4 Samples
25%
50%
25%
Security
( Sample of 4 Families)
Minor Problems
2 out of 4 Samples
OK
1 out of 4 Samples
Good
1 out of 4 Samples
50%
25%
25%
Average Monthly Expenses Per Family
Around $400
On Food, Rent,
Utilities for
Household sizes
from 6 to 10 people
Status of Ownership
50%
50%
Owner
Tenants
Opinion on Provision of Public Services
760,000
“Available, but
Low in Quality!”
950,000
1,000,000
Suggestions
“Land Rights!”
“Better Roads!”
“Better Drainage!”
“Access to Public Water Supply!”
“More Non-Profit Schools”
House 1
House 2
House 3
House 4
Overall Problems
No Land Rights
Inadequate Drainage System
Floods
Dirt Road
Dangerous Electrical System
No Street Light
Littering
Lack Of Education
Opportunities
• No Community Spaces
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The figures illustrate some problems on site
Toul Sangkae Railway Community
TOUL SANGKAE RAILWAY COMMUNITY
SWOT Analysis
STRENGTHS
WEAKNESSES
• Inside the city
• Lacking infrastructure
• Connected to major roads
• Slums
• Enough area
• Unsanitary Conditions
THREATS
• Possible
Land​​ ​D isputes
• Rising Expenses
OPPORTUNITIES
• Standardized Community
• Comfortable And Facility
• Growing Income
• Modern Site
Goal Identifaction
Adequate
Housing
Security
01
Availability of Services
02
Habitability
03
Cultural Adequacy
04
www.ohchr.org
Case Study of Slum
Urban Slum Report: The Case of Phnom Penh
Writing by: Pierre Fallavier (2003)
Toul Sangkae Railway Community
Evaluating the slum Redevelopment of Borei Keilla
Writing by: Pual Rubé (2003) Report (2021)
Transformation Along The River
Writing by: BUDD.UCL1 (2014)
Housing Poverty in Cambodia
Writing by: Habitat for Humanity Great Britain
Report Survey on Kork Kleang 1 Community 2004
Writing by: Tokyo University of Science Student (2004)
Case Study Inspiration
What have we learned from Case Study?
Macro Scale
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
History of Phnom Penh
Urban context
Demography
Economy
Poverty
Slum
Solution
Micro Scale
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Settlement reason
Departure
Family
Struggling
Emotion
Phobia
Hope
Toul Sangkae Railway Community
Solution
Number 1
Housing License
According to Circular on "Resolution
on temporary settlement's on land
which has been illegally occupied in
the capital, municipal and urban
areas" aiming to solve the problem
of slums by local authorities in the
procedure of:
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
•
•
•
•
Date collection
Identify
Census
Solution and else.
"Everyday, i wish nothing more than the
Housing License from government, i
really want to be the legal owner of my
warming house".
Community Development
Toul Sangkae Railway Community
Description
On site
upgrading
A process of making better community's infrastructure
to provide comfortable function to people life.
Solution
Number 2
Drainage Systems
Aiming to solve the problem of No
drainage system and flooded house,
our team uses La Méthode de
Rationelle Q=(1/36)C x i x A plus
débit of houses and plus assisting
of others community drainage loops
we choose 1.2m diameter drainage
to install along the road side.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"I've been lived here for almost 20
years but never experience an easy
way to discharge the water and
actually there were flooded house
every rainy season".
Solution
Number 3
Asphalt Road
Aiming to improve facility of
traveling, our team would like to
propose 20m asphalt road with 4
lanes, 2 mixed-use land and 2
pedestrian side-walk. It is not
only for community facility but
this road is connected to main
road, we basically hope that this
will help community career and
the standard of living.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"I have nothing in needed, but if there
is a better road maybe everyone in
this community is happy on rainy
day".
Solution
Number 4
The Community Space
In modern life, community needs a
space to be gathering. Our team
propose a space in figure to be
gathering space as shown in figure
above. However, we will need CDF to
help in this case because this is a
suitable space in community but this
is also private land plot. Gathering
space is also counted as a green
space for the land.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"We have never experienced kinda
community gathering, even though we
are getting along but we want some
spaces for discussion".
Solution
Number 5
Infrastructure
Phnom Penh is municipality, but
this community has not gotten
enough infrastructure.
Our team suggest that local
authorities should provide Solar
panel street light and we also
suggest to add more Electrical
poles due to some houses have
not understand the danger.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"The night, after work, i travel on the
road but it is dark and silence thus i
am kinda afraid but if we have street
light it would be better".
Solution
Number 6
Trash Bin
The waste in the community has not
been clean. We suggest everyone in
community should participate in
cleaning procedure.
Trash bin is one of method to clean
community. When people live in a
clean space their health would be
good.
OUR TEAM
"To make a comfort city and a clean
community, villager should add more
trash bins because it has not been
enough for requirement".
Community Development
Toul Sangkae Railway Community
Description
Nearby
Resettlement
A process of moving some houses to nearby location in
order to use the space for urban.
Solution
Number 7
Nearby Settlement
On our survey we saw that some
house were destroy because they
are on the road, however the
villagers told us that the
government ask people to move
out instead the government gives
them the plot 4m x 12m as what
people call compensate.
Mainly, some people have not
move out because they have not
received their compensation.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"Some people start to move out of
this area because government gave
them a plot near Wat Tuol Khang
Muk".
Solution
Number 8
Chance of Education
Villager asking for help of local
authorities, CDF and organization.
To pursue their children education
they wish for supply. Our team
suggest that people should support
their children by themselves,
however some families cannot afford
their expend, thus outside help is
very important, authorities should
help them.
Young generation might be a hope of
future world.
SPEECH OF VILLAGER
"Now, we are low-income villager we
barely to afford livelihood".
When people start to help others
It just like they help themselves
Objective Achieved
Happy family
Comfortable community