BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 1. Draw the components required for communication. Label the five components involved and briefly explain about each component. 2. Name the three popular devices which are using in industrial network? RTUs, PLCs, computers, IEDs 3. Name the three popular devices which are using in a business network? Computers, Switches, Routers, Hubs, Printers, Faxes, Servers, etc 4. Provide 2 factors that affect the security of a network? Protection from Virus, spy ware and Unauthorized Access 5. Provide 2 factors that affect the performance of a network? Hardware, Software, Transmission speed and Number of Users 6. Interpret the concept of this sentence “in a Data communication system the message should arrive in a timely fashion”. Information should be transferred in an efficient and timely manner 7. What is meaning of open protocol? Everybody has access to open protocol 8. The acronym SCADA stands for? Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. 9. The acronym RTU stands for? Remote Terminal Units 10. The acronym PLC stands for? Programmable Logic Controllers 11. Which of the following could be considered as a protocol? Modbus DNP3 OSI 1 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 12. What is the main difference between software in industrial network and business network? In industrial network software have applications or process specific but in business network software are user oriented. In industrial network software have limited number of users but in business network software have user wide distribution of users 13. Which of the industrial network or business network do require more reliability. Industrial 14. Provide 2 factors that affect the reliability of a network? Number of failures, Recovery Time, catastrophe recovery 15. What is header and how is it used in the OSI layers? Some extra data which should be added to the main information 16. Which OSI layer is responsible for data segmentation? Transport 17. Electrical characteristics should be set up in which OSI layer? Physical 18. Which OSI layer is responsible for Network addressing? Network 19. Which OSI layer is responsible for error detection? Data link 20. Which OSI layer is responsible for encryption and compression? Presentation 21. Which OSI layer has both header and trailer? Data link 22. What do the following binary numbers equal when displayed in hex? a) b) c) d) 100101011010100= 4π΄π·4 010100111001111= 29πΆπΉ 00111000111010101001= 38πΈπ΄9 11010100010001110101= π·4475 23. What do the following binary numbers equal when displayed in decimal? a) 10111010= 186 b) 10110001010= 1418 c) 100001001010= 2122 d) 1000001= 65 24. What do the following decimal numbers equal when converted to hex? a) 127= 7πΉ b) 255= πΉπΉ c) 1023= 3πΉπΉ d) 65322= πΉπΉ2π΄ 2 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 25. Convert the following hexadecimal numbers to decimal: a) 0xFE45= 65093 b) 0xC31= 3121 c) 0x1234= 4660 d) 0x6F02= 28418 26. Convert the following hexadecimal numbers to binary: a) 0xF845 b) 0xC91 c) 0xBB34 d) 0x6F1 27. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary: a) 4532= 1000110110100 b) 85= 1010101 c) 127= 1111111 d) 289= 100100001 28. What is name of one -way data communication system? Simplex 29. What is the main difference between Half-duplex and Full-Duplex modes of communications? Half –duplex just one communication link at each time, Full-duplex two communication links at each time 30. Give an example of the Simplex communication mode and Full Duplex communication mode? Radio, Computer and printer 31. In a communication system the physical link between transmitter and receiver is called? Channel 32. Briefly explain about the rule of protocol on data communication? A set of rules for communication, same language 33. What is meaning of “handshaking” in data communication? Recognition between two computers that they are able to communicate 34. Name two most commonly control lines in RS-232? RTS: Request to send and CTS: clear to send 35. What is the main difference between serial and parallel communication? Serial just one line, parallel few lines 36. Communication speed for a data communication link is 2000 characters per second, in this communication link each character has 10 data bits. Among these 10 bits, 7 of them are data and 3 of them are control lines. Calculate the bit rate, baud rate and characters rate for this system? Characters rate= 2000 πΆππ 3 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. Baud rate= 2000 × 10 = 20000 πππ’π Bit rate= 2000 × 7 = 14000 πππ 37. Communication speed for a data communication link is 3000 characters per second, in this communication link each character has11 data bits. Among these 11 bits, 8 of them are data and 3 of them are control lines. The RZ polar waveform is used in this communication link. Calculate the bit rate, baud rate and characters rate for this system? Characters rate= 3000 πΆππ Baud rate= 3000 × 11 × 2 = 66000 πππ’π Bit rate= 3000 × 8 = 24000 πππ 38. Baud rate for a data communication link with RZ polar waveform is 19200 symbol per second. Each character in this system has 7 data bits and 3 control bits. Calculate the bit rate and the character rate for this system? π¦πππππ 19200 Baud rate= 19200 πππ’π → Characters rate= 9100 10 2 = 9100 πππ‘π ππ ππππππππ‘πππ = 910 πΆππ Bit rate= 910 × 7 = 6370 πππ 39. Baud rate for a data communication link with NRZ polar waveform is 19200 symbol per second. Each character in this system has 8 data bits and 4 control bits. Calculate the bit rate and the character rate for this system? π¦πππππ Baud rate= 19200 πππ’π → Characters rate= 19200 12 19200 πππ‘π ππ ππππππππ‘πππ = 1600 πΆππ Bit rate= 1600 × 8 = 12800 πππ 40. How many signal can be sent via one cable in baseband communication? 1 signal without TDM, few signals with TDM 41. In broadband communication system the modulator is used to convert digital signal to analog signal. 4 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 42. In broadband communication system the demodulator is used to convert analog signal to digital signal. 43. Combination of modulator and demodulator is called modem. 44. In communication systems, DTE stands for? DTE – Data Terminal Equipment includes any computer equipment that acts as the original source or the final destination of computer information or data 45. In communication systems, DCE stands for? DCE – Data Communications Equipment includes any computer equipment that transmits or receives analog or digital data through or across a network. 46. In communication systems, the best example of a “DCE” is : modem 47. Name advantages of the serial data transmission compared with parallel? Serial needs fewer transmission lines and Crosstalk is less 48. What is the main difference between asynchronous and synchronous data communication? in asynchronous communications transmitter and receiver have different or their own clock, but in synchronous communications both transmitter and receiver are working with same clock 49. Why in an asynchronous data communication we have start and stop bits? To prevent any error 50. What is the meaning of error detection? Finding the error in a packet 51. Name three different methods of error detection? Parity bit, checksum and cyclic redundancy 52. Find the even parity bit for the following strings? 1000110……..1 1000111……..0 53. Find the odd parity bit for the following string? 1000110……..0 1000111……..1 54. How many error can be detected based on even or odd parity method? Just one error 5 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 55. Name two popular serial data communication standards? RS-232 and RS-485 56. What is the meaning of unbalanced (single ended) transmission system in RS-232 standard? Voltage is measured with respect to the ground 57. What is relation between cable length and data speed in RS-232 standard? Longer cable lower speed 58. How much is the maximum cable length for RS-232? 900 meter 59. How much is the maximum communication speed for RS-232? 19200 baud 60. What will happen if data speed exceeds from the maximum allowed speed based on RS-232 standard. More error 61. In RS-232 standard mark and space stand for logic 1 and logic 0 62. In RS-232 standard how much is voltage amplitude for mark and space in the transmitter? Mark voltage -15 to -5V Space voltage +15 to +5V 63. In RS-232 standard how much is voltage amplitude for mark and space in the receiver? Mark voltage -15 to -3V Space voltage +15 to +3V 64. In RS-232 standard how much is voltage amplitude for control line with logic 1? +5 to +15V 65. Name two utilized popular connectors in RS-232 standard? DB-25 and DB-9 66. What is the main difference between connectors wiring connection in telephone line and nullmodem system? cross linked lines connections are required for null modem 67. The utilized cable for communication between DCE and DTE is called: Straight thru 68. The utilized cable for communication between DTE and DTE is called: Cross over, Null modem cable 6 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 69. Draw the unipolar waveform for the following data. 100100101 100011010 70. Draw the RZ polar waveform for the following data. 100100101 100011010 71. Draw the NRZ polar waveform for the following data. 100100101 100011010 72. Draw the bipolar waveform for the following data. 100100101 100011010 7 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 73. Draw the Manchester waveform for the following data. 100100101 100011010 74. What are the primary differences (electrical characteristics) between the RS-232 and the RS-485 standards? RS-485 is using differential or balanced transmission system compared with unbalanced transmission system in RS-232 75. What is the meaning of balanced (differential) transmission system in RS-485 standard? The voltage is measure with respect to another line voltage ( not ground) 76. What is the main advantages of balanced transmission system compared with unbalanced transmission system? balanced transmission has more immunity against noise, 77. What is the name of first bit in asynchronous data communications? Start bit 78. How serial data can be converted to parallel data? By SIPO register (serial input parallel output) 79. In RS-485 standard how much is voltage amplitude for marks and spaces in the transmitter? Mark voltage -6 to -2V Space voltage +2 to +6V 80. In RS-485 standard how much is voltage amplitude for marks and spaces in the receiver? Mark voltage -6 to -0.2V Space voltage +0.2 to +6V 81. Draw the asynchronous frame for 1001101 in RS-232 standard, consider one start and 2 stop bits? 8 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 82. Draw the asynchronous frame for “b” (based on ASCII) in RS-232 standard, consider one start and 2 stop bits? 83. Draw the asynchronous frame for “C” (based on ASCII) in RS-232 standard, consider one start bit, 2 stop bits and even parity bit? 84. Draw the asynchronous frame for “t” (based on ASCII) in RS-232 standard, consider one start bit, 2 stop bits and odd parity bit? 85. Draw the asynchronous frame for “W” (based on ASCII) in RS-232 standard, consider one start and 2 stop bits? 86. Why sometime we need to use termination resistor in RS-485 connection? To prevent signal reflection 87. What is meaning of signal attenuation in data communication? Reduction in signal power or amplitude 88. What is meaning of signal distortion in data communication? Changing in signal shape 89. Name the three major types of signal problem due to electromagnetic interference? Attenuation, Distortion and Noise 9 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 90. What is the main difference between baseband and broadband communication systems? Is it possible to use the baseband signal for wireless communication? In Baseband data is transmitted in digital format for broadband the digital data is converted to analog before sending 91. Draw the ASK waveform for the following data. 101001 10001100 92. Draw the PSK waveform for the following data. 101001 10001100 93. Draw the FSK waveform for the following data. 101001 10 BNR Assignment 1 ELCM-374-Industrial data com. 10001100 94. Between ASK and FSK which one needs more bandwidth? FSK 95. QAM is produced by combination of which two types of modulation technique? ASK and PSK 96. The acronym FSK stands for? frequency shift keying 97. The acronym PSK stands for? phase shift keying 98. Which of the introduced modulation techniques has highest data throughput for a given channel bandwidth? QPSK or PSK tri-bit 11
