The Meshfree Simulation of Friction Stir
Welding/Processing
Part1
I. Introduction
Background
J. Singh et al., J. Alloys Compd. 778 (2019) 124-133.
J. Singh et al., J. Alloys Compd. 708 (2017) 694-705.
 Although the advantages such as low density and high st
* W. He et al., MSEA (2016)
* J.C.Baird et al., Scripta (2012)
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I. Friction Stir Processing
Introduction
nge phase,
ell or stabilization phase,
ding or advancing phase,
l removal or retraction phase.
As the tool rotates and traverses, severely plasticized material migrates from ret
reating, to advancing side, and deposits in the wake of the tool.
Ansari et al., Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng (2019)
3
The physical principle of FSW has also been used to improve the microstructure of
the workpieces. In this technique, called friction stir processing (FSP), an FSW tool
is used to modify the microstructure of the material. The principal improvements ma
de by FSP are as follows:
• Creation of very fine microstructures to obtain super plasticity (nanograins can be
produced);
• Homogenization of the microstructure to reduce segregation, eliminate porosity, a
nd increase mechanical properties, ductility, and corrosion resistance;
• Introduction of particles to develop composite surface (metal matrix composite (M
MC)) and modify the elasticity, wear resistance, thermal and electrical conductivity,
or internal damping of the material.
The local modifications performed by FSP to the microstructure can be very benefic
ial in a zone of high stress, where a good ductility is needed, or where the fatigue lif
e should be increased.
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Literature
Pan et al. studied the friction stir welding (FSW) using smoothed particle
hydrodynamics (SPH) model and studied the temperature history and
distribution, grain size, microhardness as well as the texture evolution
Mixing flow during FSW
 The retreating side (RS) shows finer grain size than
the advancing side (AS)
 high-translational and low-rotational tool speeds
are ideal to cause effective grain refinement and
higher hardness of the material
W. Pan et al. / International
Journal of Plasticity 48 (2013)
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