QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
AND ITS IMPORTANCE
IN DAILY LIFE
By the end of this module, learners are expected
to:
• Differentiate
quantitative from qualitative research.
• Explain the kinds of research and provide sample research
topics.
• Integrate the uses and importance of qualitative research into
their study.
Learning Objectives
A process of solving problems using data acquired from in-depth
observation and interviews from a group of people or set of
documents (Avilla, 2016). It is also a studies that investigate the
quality of relationships, activities, situations or materials (Fraenkel
& Wallen, 2010).
This research is subjective in a way that it focuses on the
respondents’ point of view and does not rely mainly on numbers but
rather on ideas that will be interpreted from all the data collected in
order to form generalizations and possible constructs and theory.
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Uses and Importance of Qualitative Research
1. Qualitative research
explores a not well-defined
phenomenon.
2. Qualitative research
refines complicated details
into more manageable
parts.
3. Qualitative Research explains
intensively the causes or the
reasons for a phenomenon.
4. Qualitative Research describes in full
detail the emotions or lived experiences of
research subjects.
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1. The researcher has an important role in qualitative research.
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2. Qualitative data are gathered and presented in a form of words,
descriptions, pictures, or meaning, and not in numbers.
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3. Qualitative researcher is concerned with the process involved.
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4. Inductive reasoning is used in analyzing data.
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5. Qualitative researcher is concerned with meanings and
interpretations.
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Quantitative Research is a collection
and analysis of numerical data to
describe, explain, predict, or control
the phenomenon of interest.
Qualitative Research is the collection,
analysis, and interpretation of
comprehensive narrative and visual
data to gain insights into a
phenomenon of interest.
QUANTITATIVE
QUALITATIVE
•
To quantify data and generalize •
results.
•
Questions asked are: “How
many”, “How often”, “How
much”.
SAMPLE/
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
•
A large number of respondents •
that represent the entire
population of interest being
studied.
DATA COLLECTION
•
•
Surveys
Experimentation
•
•
•
Interview
Focus-group discussion
Observation
DATA ANALYSIS
•
Statistical
•
•
Non-statistical
Thematic Analysis
OBJECTIVES
•
To understand the feelings,
thoughts, ideas, or life
experiences of participants.
Questions asked are:
“What”, “Why”, and “How”.
A small number of nonrepresentative cases.
Basic Research/Pure Research. It
aims to add more information to
the existing body of knowledge.
Applied Research. It aims to
find applications or to create
interventions or programs
that will help in the
improvement of a certain
situation or condition.
Kinds of Research
Applied research has two types:
1. Action Research. The purpose
of action research is to diagnose
the existing problem and offer a
transformative program to solve
it.
2. Evaluation Research. The
purpose of this kind of applied
research is to evaluate the worth
of an existing program.
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This is usually associated to anthropology
which is the study of humanity.
This
approach deals with an ethnographer that
studies the entire culture of a particular
group which is not only limited to ethnic
group. The most common ethnographic
approach is participant observation, in which
the researcher becomes immersed in the
culture under study as an active participant,
taking extensive notes about observations
and impressions.
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This narrates the life experiences to
the researcher or from available document
which highlights special events in the
individual’s life. It could be either be
biography or autobiography.
• Biography is a narrative research which
narrate the experiences of other person.
• Autobiography is a written account of
the individual who is the subject of the
study.
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This approach aims to generate a
theory after all the data have been
collected from the result of thorough
interviews and observations which are
carefully analyzed and interpreted
inductively. Some of the topics that are
usually used in this approach are the
system of disciplines of skilled workers and
how coaches maintain discipline among his
team players.
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This
approach
presents a detailed
analysis of a specific
case of an individual,
one group of people or
one school.
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This approach explores the world of
participants by gaining thoughts and
perceptions and find the common
ground to every experience to a
particular
phenomenon.
In
this
approach, participants relive their
experiences in order to obtain the very
essence of these thoughts and
perceptions that the researcher wants to
identify and describe.
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Directions: Read the passage below and answer the guide
questions.
Jan Michael is interested in classical music. Moreover, he is
fond of the composers behind his music. He has studied the life
stories of Beethoven and Mozart. In his research, he also made a
comparison of the two composers in terms of family background,
hobbies, compositions, and inspirations for their compositions.
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Guide Questions
What is the field of interest of Jan Michael?
2. How would you describe his research?
3. If you would be the one to make a research based on your field
of interest, what would be your chosen topic and what approach
should you apply?
1.
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Books
Avilla, Ruel A. (2016). DIWA Senior High School Series: Practical Research 1.
DIWA Learning Systems Inc.
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