COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR SPECIAL FOREST LANDUSE
AGREEMENT (FLAg)
1. Cover Sheet
Name of Agreement Holder
Approximate Area
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CENTURY PEAK ENERGY CORPORATION
139.0 hectares
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:
Region 6
Iloilo
Igbaras
Igcabugao and Passi
Igbubulo and Batuan
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:
Brgy._Igcabugao
Brgy._Pinaopawan
Brgy. Igcabugao
Brgy._Bagacay
Location:
Region
Province
Municipality
Barangays
Sitios
Boundaries:
North
East
West
South
Physical Description:
The Century Peak Energy Corporation Mini-Hydro Power Plant Project is covered by
FLAg No. 02-2014 and Geographically located between 10 46’ 00’’ to 10 49’ 00’ Latitude and 122
13’ 00” to 122 15’ 00” Longitude located in the southwestern section of Panay Island. The
project site is located at Brgys. Igcabugao and Passi,Igbaras, Iloilo with an of 139.0 hectares
The terrain is very rugged characterized by sharp ridges, steep to very steep slopes, Vshaped valleys and narrow valley floor .Open, cogonal with patches of Natural Grown Trees
along gullies and ravines,with an elevation ranges from 100 to 900 meters above sea level.
2. INTRODUCTION – (Project’s Water Permit)
Century Peak Energy Corporation was granted a water energy contract under the Water
Energy Services Contract No. _____ located in the southwestern section of Panay Island. CPEC
was then issued with Environmental Compliance Certificate No. R6-0911-358-4228 dated
February 12, 2010. The ECC allows the establishment in the operation of 5.1 MW Igbulo (Bais)
River Mini-Hydro Power project covering two barangays of Igbaras (Brgy. Igcabugao and Passi)
within the province of Iloilo.
The Igbulo (Bais) River Mini-Hydro Power project consisting of 139.0 hectares lies within
the Forest Land, thus, a Forest Land Use Agreement was applied and was issued to CPEC last
May 29, 2014, with FLAg No. 02-2014 for a period of twenty-five (25) years to expire on
December 31, 2039, renewable for another twenty-five (25) years.
As indicated in the agreement, and pursuant to DENR Administrative Order No. 2004-59
or the Rules and Regulations governing the use of Forest Lands, CPEC shall prepare and submit a
Comprehensive Development and Management Plan within six months upon the execution of
the agreement. This plan shall outline the appropriate schemes, arrangements and activities,
which are compatible with the Hydroelectric Power Facilities for the protection of the
environment and conservation of the natural resources in the area and shall benefit the host
community.
This CDMP shall be submitted to and approved by the Regional Executive Director of the
Department of the Environment and Natural Resources in Region 6. After deliberation and
approval of an assigned review committee, the Approved CDMP shall be furnished to the
Director of the FMB for reference and record purposes.
The approved CDMP shall then serve as the concrete guidelines for CPEC’s
implementation of environmental protection and natural resources conservation in Igbulo (Bais)
Mini-Hydro Power Plant project.
3. OBJECTIVES
3.1 General Objectives
This Comprehensive Development and Management Plan generally aims to put an
effective and efficient on-site management for the rehabilitation, protection and
conservation of the natural forest cover, and production and conservation of quality water
of the Igbolo (Bais) River for the establishment and continuous operation of the Mini-Hydro
Electric Power Project in Barangays of Igcabugao and Passi, Igbaras, Iloilo.
3.2 Specific Objectives
In compliance with the Forest Land Use Agreement, the following specific objectives
shall be as follows:
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To institutionalize effective and efficient on-site management system for Century
Peak Energy Corporation;
To establish the legal basis of instituting long-term and sustainable on-site
development activities within the Century Peak Energy Corporation;
To ensure the sustainable protection and conservation of the 31.918 hectares
DENR-NGP plantation covered of Century Peak Energy Corporation’s Igbulo (Bais)
Mini-Hydro Power Plant project;
To develop/rehabilitate approximately 92.462 hectares of degraded areas or open
grassland into protection forest within the 139.0 hectares covered by FLUP No. 022014 issued to CPEC;
To reduce the risk of soil erosion within the applied area of CPEC;
To establish organizational structure for the management of this plan; and
To create an effective financial plan for the implementation of this CDMP.
4. AREA DESCRIPTION
4.1 Location
The Power Plant Project, which shall be constructed and operated laid below the 30
square kilometer local watershed area of Barangays Igcabugao and Passi of Igbaras, Iloilo.
The source of Igbulo River is generally described as hydrologically in fair to good condition. It
is very rugged in form and covered by grasses, shrubs and small trees with presence of
cultivated areas/rice paddies. Slopes of watershed are very steep and covered with patches
of vegetation along gullies. Side slopes on both sides are also steep. The length of the river
from the proposed intake to tailrace is about 5.5 kilometers, with a slope of 0.105 causing a
fall of about 580.00 meters.
The 92.462 hectares for rehabilitation /tree plantation is open denuded grassland
covered by shrubs with scattered trees and vegetation along gullies and steep slopes.
Portion of the area,50.472 hectares is within 2011,2013 and 2015 NGP Projects of the
DENR which the corporation is planning to adapt to continue the maintenance & protection.
Barangay Igcabugao, which is 13.5 kilometers away from the Poblacion of Igbaras is the
last and the farthest barangay of the said Municipality. It is located within the timberland
area of Igbaras and comprised of three sitios, namely, Butuan, Soberlan and Barangay
Proper. It has a total land area of 293.7406 hectares mostly moderately sloping to steep
slopes in terrain. The place is inhabited by 97 households with a total population of 591
persons and 317 of which are males and 274 females. The economic condition of the area
depends so much on farming and pasture.
For Barangay Passi, it is located 10 kilometers away from the Poblacion of Igbaras and
has a total land area of 136.2671 hectares of moderately sloping to steep slopes in terrain
also. The place has 120 households with a total population of 645 persons, 340 of which are
males and 305 are females. The economic condition of the area also depend so much on
farming and pasture. Unlike barangay Igcabugao, the later falls within the alienable and
disposable public lands of the Municipality of Igbaras.
4.2 History of the Area
The 139.0 hectares area falls within the Project______Block _______ Timberland per
L.C. Map __________ and an open access area until the implementation of NGP projects last
2011.
As observed during the field investigation, vegetative cover varies from mixed perennial
with 105.104 hectares, rice paddies with 5.592 hectares and grassland with 28.603 hectares.
Base on the municipal land use zoning plan of Igbaras, the general area of Brgys.
Igcabugao & Passi is classified for Agriculture and the public land as timberland.
4.3 Topography
The source of Igbulo River is generally described as hydrologically in fair to good
condition. It is very rugged in form and consists of wild grasses, shrubs and small trees.
Slopes of watershed are very steep and covered with fair vegetation. Side slopes on both
sides are also steep. The length of the river from the proposed intake to tailrace is about 5.5
kilometers, with a slope of 0.105 causing a fall of about 580.00 meters.
Specifically, the proposed weir and proposed power house sites along Igbolo River are
located at the southern foot slopes of Antique Range where the difference in elevations is
close to 600m in just roughly 5km distance. However, the generally dendritic drainage
pattern all emanate at the top of the mountain range. Within the watershed of the river, the
highest peaks are Mt. Taripis (126masl), Mt. Baturitac (1159masl), and Mt. Upao (1065masl).
This last peak, together with Mts. Sansanan and Huyop define the north-northeastern trend
of the Western Cordillera or Antique Range.
The Igbolo hydropower site is set on a rolling terrain which is under cultivation. It is
about 6km from the weir following the river upstream. From the weir to the powerhouse,
Igbolo River is characterized by steep and narrow river canyons and high river gradients with
numerous and closely spaced rapids and waterfalls including underground rivers. River
elevation at the propose weir site is about 750.54 meters above sea level goes down the
surge tank through a 3.8km headrace to about 735.34 meters above sea level. At which the
water shall flow to the powerhouse at an elevation of 148.50masl through a penstock with a
length of 1.892km at 31% gradient to propel the 3-forked turbines.
The area for tree plantation is
4.4 Drainage
The Power Plant Project, which shall be constructed and operated with a capacity of 5.1
MW, is laid below the 30 square kilometer local watershed area of Barangays Igcabugao and
Passi of Igbaras, Iloilo. The source of Igbulo River is generally described as hydrologically in
fair to good condition. It is very rugged in form and consists of wild grasses, shrubs and small
trees. Slopes of watershed are very steep and covered with fair vegetation. Side slopes on
both sides are also steep. The length of the river from the proposed intake to tailrace is
about 5.5 kilometers, with a slope of 0.105 causing a fall of about 580.00 meters.
4.5 Climate
4.6 Geology of Soil
4.6.1 Geology
Specifically, the proposed weir and proposed power house sites along Igbolo River are
located at the southern foot slopes of Antique Range where the difference in elevations is
close to 600m in just roughly 5km distance. However, the generally dendritic drainage
pattern all emanate at the top of the mountain range. Within the watershed of the river, the
highest peaks are Mt. Taripis (126masl), Mt. Baturitac (1159masl), and Mt. Upao (1065masl).
This last peak, together with Mts. Sansanan and Huyop define the north-northeastern trend
of the Western Cordillera or Antique Range.
The rocks in both locations belong to the Singit Formation which is dated as Middle
Miocene if the Panay Central basin stratigraphy is to be adapted. The formation is divided
into four members, namely: Serawagan Complex, Tangyan Limestone, Igtalongon Shale and
Barason Sanstone.
In Brgy. Igcabugao along the headrace alignment, it is interbedded siltstone, sandstone
and shale that had been noted. At the elevated weir site found within the same locality,
massive but at times calcareous limestone was encountered. The limestone rocks are
apparently the younger members as these are found to be capping or overlaying the
lowlying sandstone-silstone-basaltic flow rocks. The prevalent rock types at the
powerhouse site vicinity in Brgy. Passi are the basaltic flow rocks. Being within the Antique
Range, the Project Site lies on rocks aptly classified under Serawagan Formation, and this
accounts all the rock types from the weir to the powerhouse sites.
Panay Island present one of the most convincing proofs that the Philippine Archipelago
as a whole is a product of subduction between the Pacific Plate on the east and the China
Plate on the west, and it emerged slowly from the pushing action of these two plates
against one another. The major faulting and folding within Panay along a North-South
trend, as in most islands in the country, lend credence to this theory.
The island of Panay is a complex agglomeration of rocks from the oldest as well as the
youngest that can be found anywhere in the archipelago. Easily, the oldest are those that
are located on the northernmost area of Antique and Aklan between the town of Pandan,
Nabas, Santander, Caticlan, as well as the small island of Boracay. These areas are underlain
by a rock suite bunched together as Buruanga Metamorphic Rocks, and are mostly schist,
phyllite, gneiss and/or marble which are mostly thick and completely folded and faulted.
The age of the rocks are anywhere around Triassic. Some of these old rocks also window
just a little north of the project site and are found associated with serpentinite, chert, red
mudstone and gabbro.
The composite stratigraphy of Panay Islands arranged from youngest to oldest is as
follows:
Age
Quaternary
Late Pleistocene
Early Pleistocene
Early Pleistocene to Late Pliocene
Early to Late Pliocene
Early Pliocene
Late Miocene
Middle Miocene
Early Miocene
Early to Late Eocene
Early to Late Paleocene
Late Cretaceous
Late Triassic
Formation/Rock
Alluvium
Terrace Gravel
Volcanic Cones
Sta. Cruz Sediments
Cabatuan Formation
Ulian Formation
Iday Formation
Dingle Formation
Tarao Formation
Paniciuan Melange
Ibajay Andesite
Pakol Diorite
Lagdo Formation
Passi Formation
Makato Formation
Igsawa Pyroclastics
Cabariohan Formation
Serawagan/ Singit Formation
Fragrante Formation
Bongbongan Series
Sara Diorite
Sibala Formation
Antique Ophiolite
Masonson Schist
Buruanga Metamorphic Rocks
4.6.2 Soil
Based from the feasibility study conducted by Vergel Consult, there are three types of
soil dominating the terrain of Igbaras: Large mass of approximately 12,993 has. (85.228%) is
the rich Alimodian Clay Loam type; in the northwest highland is the Alimodian Soil
Undifferentiated consisting of approximately 2, 160 has. (14.169%) and the rest is the Sta.
Rita Type located on the southern portion of the municipality that is approximately 92 has.
(0.603%). Based on drainage characteristics, it is assumed that Alimodian Clay and Sta. Rita
Clay will promote surface water runoff, especially in the upland areas with greater terrain
slopes.
4.7 Vegetation and Forest Cover
The area of the project is open,cogonal/shrub vegetation with patches of Natural Grown
Trees along gullies and riverbanks. Species thriving the area are, Akleng Parang,Toog and
other indigenous species.
4.8 Forest Resource Data
4.9 Demographics and Community Descriptions
4.10
Infrastructure and Utilities
4.11
Environmental Information
4.12
Security
4.13
Other Information
4.14
Climate and Rainfall Data
Like all other Municipalities in the Province of Iloilo, Igbaras Falls under Coronas
Type I with pronounced wet and dry season. The dry season usually occurs from the
month of December to April while the wet season occurs during the rest of the year.
However, sporadic rain-showers still occurs during the dry seasons.
The average rainfall in the area is 273.28 mm. The month of February has the
lowest rainfall with an average of 33.8 mm while August has the highest rainfall with an
average of 603.1 mm. This can mean that the watershed receives an estimated rainfall
of 4.045M m3 throughout the year. (Data is generated from the FS document). It was
noted however, that in the past three years, there was an occurrence of El Niño
Phenomenon that caused severe drought in the entire municipality.
4.15
Hydrology
The watershed is drained by the Igbolo River or more popularly known by the
locals as Bais River. The hydrology of the watershed is composed by three orders of
streams with a combined length of 13.04 kms and a density of 0.880 km/ha. The 1st
order or mainstream is composed by two (2) second order streams as the headwaters of
Bais or Igbolo River. The 2nd order or middle streams namely Sibalom River which
emanates from the western side is composed of four (4) 3rd order streams and the Bais
River which flows from the eastern side is drained by two (2) 3rd level streams.
Table 1 – Drainage Density of Igbolo River Watershed
Name
Length (Km)
Area (Km2)
BAIS RIVER
13.04
14.81
Drainage Density
0.880
.
4.16
FLORA, FAUNA, HABITAT AND ECOSYSTEM
The vegetative pattern in and within the vicinity of the watershed is an
expression of the environmental factors, soil and climate. It is situated in the distinct
Malayan Floristic region.
As observed by Vergel3 Consult during the conduct of the Feasibility study, the
natural vegetation in and near the watershed and along the river of Igbolo has been
modified to some extent. Vast areas of primary and secondary forest have been
cleared, with some areas replaced by cultivated fields. Others have regenerated to
shrub berries, secondary forest or tall tropical grasses and herbs like Imperata
cylindrica (cogon), Saccharum spontaneum (talahib) and Chromolaena odorata
(hagonoy).
Talahib grows sparsely near and along the river’s water line while cogon and
Phragmites species grow together on the upper slopes with the former preferring sites
with deep top soil while the later found mostly on sites with very thin or with rocky
surfaces.
Land uses along the river may be categorized into grasslands, cultivated areas
and secondary forests. The watershed area is generally covered by secondary forests
and grassland with small patches of abandoned cultivation previously planted with
upland rice for personal consumption of the local inhabitants. Downstream, the slope
tends to be gentle and mostly planted with agricultural crops.
Notably, the forest vegetations are concentrated mostly in the mountain ridges
and along riverbanks, extending farther to mid-slopes.
4.17
LAND USE
At present, the watershed has been abandoned of any human activities.
However, there is apparent poaching of grazing animals within the grasslands
areas along the eastern portion. As to its use, the watershed is a combination of
second growth forest, shrubs or brushland and grasslands. There are also
portions of the watershed that are composed of exposed rocks.
Igbaras has a total land area of 15,245 hectares approximately 0.33% of the
total land area of the province. As classified by the Bureau of Lands, 9,288.00
hectares are alienable and disposal land distributed to 46 barangays and the
remaining 5,957 hectares are timberland.
Of the total alienable and disposal area, about 4,782.615 hectares are
agricultural areas; 1,714.635 hectares are built-up areas; 14.463 hectares are
cemetery area; 75.041 hectares for roads and bridges; 1,168.615 hectares is
openlands; 1,465.171 hectares is agro-industrial; 67.460 hectares are bodies of
water.
4.18
LEGAL STATUS AND REGULATIONS
Currently, the watershed area is within the classified public domain and more
specifically, forestland. Being a forestland, it is within the management mandate
of the Community Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO – Iloilo).
The area has been awarded to community organizations or to individual for onsite management. As such the watershed is considered a de facto “open access
area” which is often the target of poachers and land speculators.
4.19
SOIL EROSION
Based from the feasibility study conducted, soil erosion that usually causes
riverbed siltation is not a major problem in the watershed. The tight limestone rocks and
the existing forest cover are sufficient to hold the soil from erosion. Apparently, soil
erosion problem in the watershed is caused by livestock occasionally grazing in the area.
Nonetheless, there is a need to safeguard of forest cover along the rivers and
creeks which serves as sponge and mats to control surface water run-off, erosion and
riverbed siltation. It is also important to stop the entry of grazing livestock and frequent
grass fires in the watershed. Reforesting the denuded areas and grasslands is also
recommended to abate the occurrence of soil erosion in the case of strong and
prolonged rains in the watershed.
4.20
WATER USES
Currently, the Igbolo River is the source of irrigation water to about hundreds of
hectares of agricultural areas within the primary impact zone of the watershed. It is
also serves as the fishing ground of the local communities because of its abundance of
freshwater fish and mollusks thriving in rapids and riverbeds. The freshwater from the
watershed is also tapped for domestic uses like washing, bathing and cooking and
livestock cooling.
4.21
INFRASTRUCTURE
At present, there are no infrastructures establish in the area. However, a trail
that crosses the watershed from Barangay Aningalan in the town of Tubungan (?)
connecting portions of San Remigio in the west was identified. Said trail also connects
to the barangay proper of Igcabugao passing through the foothills of Mt. Upao at the
center of the Watershed. This limited access makes the watershed more secure from
human intrusion and further degradation. Since there are no settlements within the
watershed, it is important to prevent the intrusion of timber poachers, kaingineros,
and land speculators into the watershed.
Socio – Economic and Demographic Information
4.22
POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD AND DENSITY
The watershed is devoid of settlements either by transient or by informal
settlers. Basing from the data gathered during the conduct of the FS, the NSO
recorded a population of 415 and 549 individuals distributed in 76 and 104
households respectively in Igcabugao and Passi, the closest communities within the
Project Site. The 2007 NSO data of the municipality recorded a population 29,417
individuals with a density of 542 individuals per km2 or 1,403 per mi2.
According to the projected household population for 2009, there are 223 total
household populations where 91 households are from Barangay Igcabugao and 132
households from Barangay Passi.
4.23
BEHAVIORAL AND CULTURAL PATTERN
People from Igbaras speak Kinaray-a, a language associated with Antique
province. However, Hiligaynon is understood by everyone and widely spoken in the
town proper. Igbaras celebrates its town fiesta on May 22 in honor of Sta. rita de
Cascia. The project recipients (Igcabugao and Passi) are associated with Visayan
culture. The town has many points of interest including the ruins of the old church
belfry, Mount Napulak, Bahi-Bahi, Nadsadjan Falls, Lagsakan Falls, Timapok Falls,
Guiritsan Falls, Sampanan Falls, Bat Cave, Igcabugao Cave, Bais Cave and the Pakuyang
sa Tangyan Festival. Rafflesia, the world’s largest flower, can also be found here.
4.24
EDUCATIONAL AND MEDICAL SERVICES
a. Formal Education
The people of Igabaras are found to have a high rate of literacy
(95.34%). This implies the high regard of the people to the importance of
education. The municipality offers two (2) levels of formal education, the
elementary and secondary, both are public schools. As of the date of FS survey
(1995), there are four primary schools, sixteen public elementary schools and
only one (1) public secondary school in the district. There is also one private
Kindergarten School located in the Poblacion. Nonetheless, Igbarasnons are
highly literate.
b. Non-Formal Education
DECS, DSWD, the PA Literacy Program and other Non-Govermental
Organizations (NGO’s) extend formal education to residents of Igbaras. The
objective of the non-formal education is to teach the participants how to read
and write with simple arithmetical operations. However, there is a low level of
participation in the Non-Formal Education Programs of the municipality. The
non-formal education concentrates mostly to out-of-school youth and the older
populations in the community.
With the massive involvement of the local government unit at the
barangay level, (BLGU), more students are getting access to higher education
thru the various scholarships granted by the government. The exercise of
autonomy in the local governance enhances the implementation of social
services in coordination with other government and non-government agencies
providing social services. Students have more access to scholarships that
subsidize tuition and other school fees.
c. Health Services
At the time of the FS, the municipality of Igbaras is being served by
thirteen Municipal Health Personnel composed of a Medical Doctor, a Nurse
and Midwives who are directly involved in delivering basic health services. The
MHO personnel are being assisted by Barangay Health Workers (BHW) and
Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS), Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPO) and
several “Hilot”.
The physician-population and nurse-population ratio is 1:27,608. The
midwife-population ratio is 1:3,451. To alleviate the health situation, the
Barangay Health Workers (BHW), Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPO),
Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS) are organized to render voluntary health
services to the respective barangay health stations. Moreover, Hilot classes are
conducted to augment the deliveries.
Igbaras has one Main Health Center located in the Poblacion and
occupies a floor area of 168 square meters. The Main Health Center serves five
(5) barangays in the Poblacion, i.e. Barangay 1 to Barangay 5 with the
population of 5,025, and the total population of the entire municipality.
Presently, there is one midwife-in-charge in this situation. There are seven (7)
Barangay Health Stations strategically located to serve an area of influence of
forty-one (41) barangays and the population of 22,583 based on 1999 survey.
These Barangay Health Stations are each managed by midwife who directs and
provides the immediate health needs of the people in their catchment areas.
There are 208 BHW’s 47 BSPO’s, 46 BNS’s and 43 trained Hilot that serve the
different Barangay Health Stations (BHS).
Among the seven Barangay Health Stations, Alameda and Passi BHS’s
have no permanent building and all BHS’s do not have potable water system.
There is one (1) ambulance serving in cases of emergency and one (1)
Toyota Pick-up provided by the Philippine Health Development Program for the
Municipal and Provincial government extend medical caravan to the
communities which the residents avail for free.
4.25
TRANSPORTATION
The Municipality of Igbaras is a terminal town in the Southern District of Iloilo
and experiencing a slow pace of infrastructure development more specifically on
transportation facilities. The transportation facilities are inadequate to answer the
growing demand of about 25,960 populations (1995).
As of 1999, Igbaras has an existing road network of 61.13 kilometers barangay
roads, 6.846 kilometers municipal road and 26.00 kilometes national road. Igbaras is
the only municipality in the Province of Iloilo that does not have provincial road.
93.95% of the barangay roads are gravel roads needs to be improved to the level of allweather road classification in order to improve the mobility of the people. The record
also shows that 4.883 kilometers municipal roads are concrete.
In this specified area, rural road occupies 11.695 hectares while 10.269 hectares
for urban roads. In totality, road network is inadequate considering that the ideal urban
road length is 2.4 kilometers per 1000 population as compared to existing urban-raodpopulation ratio of 1.065 kilometers/1000 population. On the same manner, rural road
standard is 1.5 kilometers per 100 hectares are arable land as compared to existing rural
road-arable land ratio of 1.143 kilometers/100 hectares.
4.26
POWER
The Municipality of Igbaras is under the service coverage of Iloilo Electric
Cooperative 1, Inc. (ILECO-1).
The power supply of ILECO-1 is taken from the National Power Corporation
(NPC), with substation located at Barangay Café, Sta. Barbara, Iloilo. The total power
consumption of the Municipality of Igbaras for the 1999 is 1,312,342.92 kWh with
average monthly consumption of 109,361.91 kWh. Being a recipient of the PRO-POOR
Program of the government, the municipality had 653 posts, 664 streetlights and 37
served barangays.
Based on the records of the total power consumption of the municipality in
1999, it shows that the average daily consumption is 1.61 kWh per household. This
shows that consumption slightly higher that the national standard on the average daily
consumption for households which 1.2 kWh. The power consumption in the
Municipality of Igbaras is distributed to the different connections and domestic
connections are recorded to 1,165. Some barangays are classified under the Barangay
Power Association (BAPA) scheme and the rest are commercial and public connections.
The increase of the daily consumption of is relatively due to the increase of household
conveniences.
4.27
COMMUNICATIONS
One of the most relevant infrastructure supports is communication but is
inadequate in the Municipality of Igabaras. There is only one telecommunication
station operating under the National Telecommunication Commission located in the
Amex Building of the Municipal Hall with one staff operator. However, there are
several two-way radio-communication facilities and equipment. One of this is under
operation and management of Igabaras Police Station and one under the operation of
the LGU. This system links Igbaras with the rest of the municipalities in Iloilo Province.
Each barangay is provided with complete two-way radio-communication
handset facilities to ease communication problems of the locality. There are a number
of two-way radio-communication facilities in Igbaras operated privately and for
business.
The municipality is now under the service coverage of ISLACOM, a Visayan
Telecommunication Company. There are 40 individual subscribers to their program as
of 1999 and still on the progress of installing the remaining potential subscribers.
There is also (1) Public Calling Office (PCO) installed at Brgy. 2 Poblacion under the
management of Liberty Telephone Company. Aside from this franchise holder, there
are private cellular telephone presents in the municipality.
Telecommunication Office in the Municipality of Igbaras provides telegraph
service only because of insufficient facilities to cater the needs of the people. However,
the service can reach nationwide at a very minimal cost. The Municipality has also one
postal office located in the right wing of the Municipal Hall. There is an insufficient
postal facility present in the municipality. There is also an absence of distribution of
letters by the letter carrier to the remote barangay but instead some barangay officials
to distribute to their respective constituents. The frequency of the distribution to this
remote barangays happened once a week especially during market day. To avoid delay,
people can claim their letters personally to the office of postal services anytime of the
week during office hours.
4.28
RELIGIOUS SECTORS, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
The Municipality of Igbaras is one of the seven (7) municipalities compromising
the 1 congressional district of the Province of Iloilo. It is classified as a fourth class
municipality. Igbarasnons are mostly Catholic by religion. This is also the influene why
most communities adjacent to Igbolo Watershed are mostly Catholics. Politically, the
local governance exercises democratic and consultative leadership.
st
Division of function is observed in local governance where the Barangay Captain
is the executive officer and the barangay council serves as the policy maker. The same is
true at the higher level of public governance – the Municipal Mayor is the Local Chief
Executive and he is assisted by his Sangguniang Bayan members in providing policy
support in the implementation of priority development projects of the municipality.
Social Organizations such as the women’s group and senior citizens,
Sangguniang Kabataan, Farmer/Irrigators’ Association, Cooperatives Non-Government
as well as other civic organizations exist in the Municipality as well as in the vicinity of
the Watershed.
4.29
Demographic Projection
Igbaras’ population growth rate is stagnant over the past decades at less than
1% or (0.537%) basing from the NSO base data of 1990 and 1995. For the entire
municipality, the population projection is significantly higher than the actual head count
of the NSO in 2007 where the projected population is 31,384 individuals as compared to
the actual of 29,417 individuals for the same year.
By year 2010, the municipality of Igbaras shall have a population of 33,340
individuals distributed in 6,571 households (at an average of 5 members per household)
and in 46 barangays. For Barangays Igcabugao and Passi, the projected individual
populations shall reach 610 and 929 in 122 and 186 households, respectively by year
2020.
Table 2. Projected Population for Barangay Igcabugao and Passi in Year 2020
POPULATION
PAST (NSO)
BARANGAY
Igcabugao
(Individual)
Igcabugao
(Households)
Passi
(Individual)
Passi
(Households)
Total
Individuals
Total
Rate of
Chang
e
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
PROJECTED INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD POPULATION
1990
1995
2007
389
415
488
0.0166
496
504
513
522
530
540
549
558
568
578
589
599
610
78
83
98
-
99
101
103
104
106
108
110
112
112
116
118
120
122
504
549
674
0.0229
689
705
722
739
757
776
795
815
815
858
880
904
929
101
110
135
-
138
141
144
148
151
155
159
163
163
172
176
181
186
25,274
25,960
29,417
.0098
29,7
05
29,9
96
30,2
90
30,5
86
30,8
86
31,1
88
31,4
94
31,8
02
31,8
02
32,4
28
32,4
28
32,7
46
33,0
66
179
193
232
-
237
242
247
252
258
263
269
275
281
287
294
301
308
Households
(Source NSO and FS derived data)
4.30 Income Profile
Most of the residents near the Igbolo watershed are farmers and occasionally,
fishermen. Being dependent to agricultural crops production, the communities’
economy revolves in rice production, livestock, vegetables and root crops.
Basing from the current production trend of 60 cavans to 80 cavans harvest per
hectare per cropping season, Igcabugao and Passi produced about 700 metric tons
per year. Vegetables, nuts and other root crops are also raised by the Barangays as
additional sources of income.
Trading businesses in communities near the Igbolo Watershed are limited to
sari-sari stores. Other brangays sometimes engage in small industries such as food
processing and bamboo crafts.
4.31 Employment Patterns and Projections
Human and natural resources are considered a major support of existing
industries. Of the 1995 total municipal population 14,011 or 53.97% constitute the
labor force of the municipality. Only light industries such as welding shops and the
like thrive on the slow pace of industrial growth in Igbaras. Government agencies are
the biggest employers in the Municipality. While there are few (110) traders in the
municipality, these are more of a household property and do not absorb employment
except the few rich business traders that employ at least 2-5 daily wage workers.
The Municipality possesses multiple opportunities for gainful local employment.
There are three public markets in the municipality, two of which are barangay fleemarkets located in Barangay Igtalongon and Barangay Alameda and the Igbaras
Public Market in the Poblacion. The center of commerce is located at the public
market in the Poblacion. Wednesdays and Sundays are municipal market days where
merchants and consumers converge in the Poblacion market during market days
while Fridays and Saturdays in Barangays Igtalongon and Alameda respectively. There
is no local market operating privately in the area.
There are two cooperatives operating in the Municipality of Igbaras, the Igbaras
Farmers Marketing Cooperative and the Igbaras Multi-Purpose Cooperative. At
present (1999) there is no banking institution present in Igbaras.
With the implementation of the Mini-Hydropower Project in Barangays
Igcabugao and Passi, a surge in temporary (at least 3 years) employment is expected.
Local labor force will be in demand to serve as carpenters, construction workers,
technical men and other construction-related jobs. For this, the community should be
trained on various construction work including safety measures at work.
For the watershed development, at least 30-50 households shall be tapped as
reforestation workers to establish about 500 hectares of open denuded grasslands
within the period of 5 years. At least 10 community laborers shall also be employed
as forest guards and nursery workers. Other long-term employments either as
entrepreneurs or employees are expected to boost in the community due to the
presence of the hydropower establishments and many beautiful natural spots which
are potential for eco-tourism and sports development.
Added value to the barangays’ economy is the abundant bamboo population
which awaits gifted crafts-workers to convert them into novelties, furniture,
household uitilities, huts, “sawali” and other uses.
PROBLEMS, ISSUES AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT CONCERNS
Based from actual interview with the Barangay Officials and residents of
Barangay Passi, the Igbolo watershed had been subject to cattle grazing and frequent
grassfires. Such problems were the root causes of deforestation and soil erosion in
the area. Considering that the area has no legal on-site manager, the absence of
development and protection activities of the existing natural forest cover of the area
is a problem to be promptly addressed in order to preserve the surroundings of the
watershed.
It was also observed by the residents that in the past years, there was the
occurrence of “el niño” phenomenon that decreased the water level of the
watershed significantly. On the other hand, there was also the occurrence of the “la
niña” phenomenon that flooded the area. These natural phenomenon however,
cannot be solved immediately but its effect to the residents and impact to the
environment can be reduced with the putting in place mitigating measures and
adaptive mechanisms.
Having no Tenure Instrument Holder of the watershed, the area has no longterm development and protection plan. With this problem, there is a high risk of
investigating capital of Mini Hydro Power Project in the watershed. Consequently,
there are no on-site managers to protect and conserve the natural resources of
Igbolo river watershed.
Environmental Impact
The proposed development activities within the watershed will promote
beneficial impact to the project. The long term effect will be the production of quality
and sufficient water for the hydropower plant and the continuous flow of irrigation
water for agricultural crops production within the primary impact areas of the
project. The subsequent conservation and developments to be implemented within
the watershed area are expected to improve the microclimatic regime within and
near the watershed. The increase of forest cover and the reduction of grassland areas
will enhance the establishment of climax species that will ensure the integrity of the
watershed even after the project life. Consequently, the improvement of wildlife
habitat will result to the increase in species and genetic population of flora and fauna
within the watershed.
On the global end, the conservation and development of the natural forest
cover will contribute to the reduction of pollutant elements stored in the atmosphere
and serving as coolant to the increasing global temperature. The permanent forest
cover will help mitigate the problem of climate change as it will serve as the carbon
sink in the area.
However, a minimal disturbance on the soil cannot be avoided during the
establishment of the reforestation areas. There will be a moderate impact on the
biological environment especially on areas where development will occur. The
temporary reduction of vegetation due to brushing will be one of the adverse
impacts in the biological environment. However, this will only cause a mild to nil
effect in terms of species habitat since the vegetation of the area for reforestation
consists mostly of grasses and shrubs. The risk to erosion and riverbed siltation is low
due to minimal excavation of top soil which is eventually returned during planting.
Only small holes enough to contain the seedlings shall be dug.
On the other hand, the primary impact area of the project will experience a
temporary mild to moderate environmental problems while the construction of the
power house, the weir and the surge tank is being undertaken. Dust, noise pollution,
soil erosion, water pollution, solid waste accumulation, and clearing of vegetation are
the most commonly identified negative environmental impact of the project during
the construction phase.
Social Impact
The physical developments within the watershed will create consciousness and
awareness among community folks the significance of the environment, the
importance of collective effort in the conservation and development; and increase
sense of accountability in the wise utilization of the natural resources.
The project will result to the improved access to social from the local
government that has jurisdiction over the project site in the form of health,
education and protection services. The immediate effect of improving the road
network and supply electricity for the residents within the project site will reduce
transportation risks to lives and properties of stakeholders; improved social
networking, cultural exchange, integration and social diversity; and increased in
opportunities for socio-cultural development activities that promote the well being
of the local populace.
As there will be surge of temporary employment during the construction phase
wherein bona-fide residents within the area will be given priority, the Project will
boost the professional ethics of the people in the community. This employment
opportunity will promote the skills of local populace thereby increasing their
employability potentials either as employees or entrepreneurs even after the
construction phase.
Further, the electricity that will be produced from the project will be more
accessible and affordable to households within the primary impact areas.
Consequently, it is expected that the households will have better access to health
services, education and communications and other social services of the government
and non-government sectors. More residents will also be provided access to low-cost
recreational activities for health and physical fitness. Socio-cultural gatherings
fostering unity and harmony among the residents are expected to become regular.
These are some of the positive social impacts generated by the project.
The negative impact identifies during the construction phase is the occupational
risk to workers which can be considered as moderate for this kind of project. During
the construction phase the workers are exposed to possible accidents such as from
operating equipment and other construction paraphernalia and injuries caused by
faulty safety equipment as well as from human factor.
Due to the accessibility of the powerhouse, other related structures and natural
amenities in the locality, the area will experience a surge of visitors from the
municipal neighborhood and as well as from other countries. The subsequent
population influx due to local and external tourism will be a social disturbance and
considered one of the negative impacts of the project.
Significantly, the protection of the watershed constituting the headwaters of
the project will promote social awareness to responsibility and accountability of local
residents. As they participate in the development and conservation of the watershed
area, their consciousness and awareness will be enriched with knowledge and
understanding of the inter-relationships of various environmental factors affecting
their socio-economic activities.
Economic Impact
Local residents and their neighborhood communities will be benefited more
from the project. As CPEC and LGU invest in the Project, this will generate productive
employment of the people not only as laborers, employees and workers but as
entrepreneurs. Aside from the immediate local employment it will generate, the local
residents under the labour-age group will also have the opportunity to upgrade their
knowledge and skills in watershed management, reforestation establishment, water
quality monitoring, erosion control mechanisms and technologies, and construction
related activities whereby increasing their household income. Locals who will be
engaged in entrepreneurial activities will be bene-fitting from sales of food products,
souvenir goods and local gadgets; additional income from tour-guiding and tourismrelated activities; metal craft fabrication, bamboo crafts; and the like.
On the other hand, the improvement of water ration for the irrigation of
agricultural farms will result to the improved harvest and ultimately, higher net
profits of farmers. Crops diversification and intensive production to include fishery
and livestock is expected to be implemented for income generation of the farmers.
The improvement of accessibility from farm to market will redound to the
reduction of transportation cost, risks to product spoilage, and faster interchanges of
production output-input trading. Consequently, adoption of better production
technologies will improve as access to up-to-date information and technology will
become faster, cheaper and more reliable. The domino effect of improved
production related activities will result to the improved households’ and municipal’s
economic status through the increased income and generation of local taxes and
other local revenues.
5. DEVELOPMENT PLAN
5.1 General Strategy
5.1.1 Plantation Species’ Choice
The choice of the plantation species for the Project was based on the actual
trees growing in the area particularly the Natural Grown trees such as Akleng
Parang(locally known as payhod),Toog and other endemic tree species that thrive in
the area. The Corporation is also planning to plant Mahogany and Fruit trees,
intercropped with coffee and cacao. Bamboos and Kakawate shall be planted along
slopping area and along the project boundary. Accordingly, these species were
identified based on records of potential survival in the sites ; rates of growth; and,
availability of planting stock.
5.1.2 Silviculture
This is the practice of controlling the growth,composition,health and quality
of forest to meet diverse needs and values. Such activities are pruning,thinning and
enrichment planting.. This activity is done while the trees are on their pole stage but
since the purpose of the corporation is for protection purposes and to provide forest
cover,the pruning practices shall be employed in the area.
5.1.2a. Weeding
This activity under maintenance operation is being performed in the project
regularly, i.e., twice a year for 2 years after the 1st year establishment during MayJune and October, by uprooting/removal of the undesirable competing
species/grasses surrounding the base of the planted trees at radius of 0.50 meter
per seedling purposely to keep the planted seedlings from being suppressed by
weeds and grasses.
5.1.2b Fertilization
This activity under maintenance operation is being done in the project
regularly and simultaneously with the weeding activity twice a year for two years
after the 1st year establishment during May-June and October-November, following
the prescribed dosage per seedling adopting a slow-release technique fertilization by
placing the fertilizer in ice candy bags knotted at the opening with 2 small openings
at the bottom of the bag to aerate the fertilizer when buried into the soil, to sustain
nutrients need for the seedlings. Application of this “bagged fertilizer is 3’ to 4’ away
from the base of the planted seedlings using urea or complete fertilizer
5.1.2c. Maintenance and Protection (Replanting)
The activity under the maintenance operation is being undertaken in the
project regularly and simultaneously with the weeding and fertilization activities
during the 1st of two weeding and fertilization cycles after the 1st year of the newly
established plantation and similarly undertaken in subsequent plantation Blocks to
attain maximum stocking of the established plantation or by replacing dead
seedlings.
5.1.2d. Pruning
This activity under maintenance operation is being practiced in the project
especially for tree species with branching characteristics, like Gmelina, Narra,
Mahogany and other trees, during the 3rd year from field planting by removing
unnecessary small branches or twigs using pruning shears and sharp bolos, to
maximize uptake of nutrients and produce straight bole/trunk .
This activity under maintenance operation is being done in the project to
improve tree growth after planting by eliminating the undesirable stems and retain
the best stems ut to maturity.
5.1.2f. Brushing(ring method0 and Mulching
This activity under maintenance operation is being performed in the project
regularly 2 to 3 months before the on set of the dry season ( December to February),
by ring brushing around the base of the planted seedlings at a radius of 0.50 meter
and placing the brushed grasses/ weeds(mulching) as much to retain moisture on
soil around the base of the planted seedling.
5.1.2g. Other Tending treatment ( Removal of Competing Climbing Vines and Lianas and Damaged Trees
by Natural Calamities)
This activity is integral part of the maintenance operation in the project,
involving the cutting and removal of the competing climbing vines and lianas thriving
in some portions of the established plantations after months of out planting to free
the desired planted tree species from nutrients- competing plants.
All planted trees that have been totally damaged by typhoon and other
phenomena were removed from the sites for proper utilization, thus, eliminate
hazards to standing trees. While those planted trees that have been partially
damaged by phenomenon were only pruned and/or thinned partially according to
the effect or extent of the damaged. Hence, this activity is now considered as one
regular activity under the maintenance operation.
5.1.2h. IPD Spraying
This activity (Insect Pests and Disease Spraying) under maintenance
operation is being done on a case to case basis to present and protect both nurseries
and plantations from the outbreak of insect pests and diseases. Established
nurseries are attack/infested by disease and pest if not properly handled. Seedbeds
media were sterilized before placing it in the polyethylene bags and potting media
placed inside potted bags were seedlings were observed unhealthy were subject to
sterilization, seedbeds in every nursery were constructed strictly in observance of
the factors in selecting nursery sites to prevent any damages that may adversely
affect the seedlings during its growth and/ or before out planting into the field.
In the plantations, scrutiny of any signs and symptoms of impending pests
and diseases, outbreaks is done regularly and periodically. Spraying and fumigating
regularly with pesticides and insecticide to keep disease- free nurseries shall be
practiced of the Corporation to sanitize the sites and mitigate infestation.
5.1.3 Natural Forest Management
Natural Forest of natural grown trees found inside and adjacent to the
project area shall be protected.
5.1.4 Annual Development Program5.1.4.1 PlantationsTable 5. Plantation Establishment
TARGE
SPACING
SPECIES
AREA
NO.
OF REMARKS
T YEAR
2019
2020
PLANTED
2m X 2m
2m x 2m
3m x 3m
10mx10m
Mahogany
Kakawate
Nangka
Bamboo
5m x 5m
5m x 5m
3m x 3m
3m x 3m
10m x 10m
3m x 3m
Toog
Akleng Parang
Avocado
Narra
Bamboo
Mahogany
3rd Yr
Coffee
Cacao
TREES
PLANTED
Along boundaries
Along trails/boundaries
Intercropped species or
to be planted on foreste
areas
The Corporation is also planning to plant Lemon grass or Citronella along the trails
5.1.4.2 Natural Forests
There are natural mixed stand forests comprising various species such as
Akleng parang,T oog,i nyam and other endemic species.
5.1.5 Plan Revision
The revision of the Comprehensive Development Management Plan ( CDMP)
will be dependent on the progress of the project management/ operation and/or
duration of the 25th years Forestland Agreement and recommendations after the
conduct of the official periodic evaluation and monitoring by DENR personnel.
5.2 Boundary Maintenance
The corporation shall install a concrete monuments on every corners of the
project and implement the boundary planting of kakawate and bamboos..
7.3 Infrastructure Development
7.3.1 Roads and Bridges
As planned, the corporation will construct an access road for vehicles for
easy access to the project site during the repairs of the installed pipeline and access
trail to the planting site and subsidiary nursery.
7.3.2 Bunkhouse
The corporation is planning to construct a temporary bunkhouse in the
nursery site to serve as rest area of the laborers.
7.3.3 Nurseries
The corporation has already established a main nursery on the procured
private propertiy located on the lower potion of the project . Two(2) subsidiary
nurseries shall be established strategically in the project area.
7.4 Seeds Procurement
7.4.1 Seed RequirementsThe
Table 6. Seedling Requirement for the 1st and 2nd Rotation by Year.
YEAR
2019
2020
2021
NO. OF SDLGS
1ST ROTATION
SPECIES
Mahogany
Narra
Nangka
Toog
Akleng Parang
Bamboo
Avocado
Cacao
Coffee
YEAR
NO. OF SDLGS
2ND ROTATION
SPECIES
7.4.2 Seed Supply
Seeds of selected tree species were supplied and/or purchased from
registered seed dealers or from the DENR Nurseries.
7.4.3 Seed Storage and Testing
No storing and testing of purchased/ procured seeds was undertaken in the
project for that one (1) week procurement these seeds were immediately sown to
make use of its viability.
7.4.4 Trees Improvement Program
7.4.4.1 Artificial Forest Plantation
Planted seedlings/established plantation which are adversely affected by
both the edaphic and climate factors that resulted to stunted growth shall be
subjected to enrichment planting to improve stocking.
7.4.4.2 Natural Forest Plantation
No tree improvement program was made in mixed natural forest plantation
because of the sparsity of individual tree stock except on those thriving on some
gullies where headwaters, springs are emanating and along the creeks and river
within the project area that were protected. Natural regenerations of these mixed
natural forests is very limited while the corresponding volume of observable mature
efforts to improve growth and stocking. Protection of these standing natural tree
species was the only primary concern.
7.5 Nursery Operations
Table 7. Monthly Schedules forr Nursery Activities.
ACTIVITIES
MONTHS
J
F
M
1. Seed Procurement
x
2. Seed Treatment
x
x
3. Nursery Construction
x
X
X
4. Potting Soils in Bags
X
X
X
5. Sowing Seeds in Box
X
X
6. Transplanting
X
X
A
M
X
J
J
X
A
S
X
O
N
X
D
7. Care and Maintenance
X
x
X
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Table 8. Yearly Schedules for Seedling Production
YEAR
NO. OF SDLGS 1ST
ROTATION
2019
SPECIES
YEAR
NO. OF SDLGS
2ND ROTATION
SPECIES
Mahogany
Bamboo
Toog
Akleng Parang
Nangka
Avocado
Narra
2020
Cacao
Coffee
2021
7.5.2 Operations Prescription
7.5.2.1 Seed TreatmentHot and cold water treatment was the technique applied by the
Management to hasten and ensure uniform seeds germination, both in seed boxes
and seedbeds.
7.5.2.2 Seed Sowing
Treated seeds were sown both on prepared seed boxes and seedbeds before
transplanting to 4x6x0.002 soil- filled polyethylene pots, using 1:2:3 ratio for potting
medium (sand-compost-garden soil).
7.5.2.2 Potting Medium
The potting medium used in the bagging/filling of said polyethylene bags is a
mixture of sand, compost, and garden soil, on a ratio of 1:2:3, respectively.
7.5.2.4 Nursery EstablishmentThe 2 subsidiary/temporary nurseries shall be established in selected areas
where topography is flat; water is abundant; well exposed to sunlight; accessible;
large enough; nearest and centrally located in every planting site , to facilitate fast,
easy and prevent seedling damage from stress during hauling and handling.
7.5.2.5 Pot Bed Preparation
Pre-bagging of polyethylene pots (4”x6”x0.002”) were done and place on
leveled and flattened pot beds in the different established nurseries from year 1 to
year 12 operations ensuring care and maintenance of the potted seedlings for
production of healthy planting stock.
7.5.2.6 Transplanting of Germinated Seedlings
Only healthy and vigorous seedlings sown at the seedbeds and seed boxes
were transplanted to the pre-bagged polyethylene pots in the different nurseries
from year 1 to year 12yr of the operations
7.5.2.7Care and Maintenance
Transplanted seedlings in the pre-bagged polyethylene bags at the nurseries were
regularly watered, weeded, fertilized and prevented/protected from any insect pests
and diseases as well as from stray animals for better growth development until it
reaches 30 centimeters in height and/ or ready for out planting. Plantable seedlings
for field planting were graded and undergo hardening processes. Only those healthy
and vigorous ones were out planted to ensure higher rate of survival.
7.6 Plantation Establishment and Maintenance
The development of the plantation was done only during the twelve (12)
years period, from year _____ to _______, in compliance to the conditions of the
approved lease agreement. As required, 5% of the total area under lease shall be
developed for the first year, 30% within 5 years of the total area within 12 years
from the date the Agreement was entered. However, due to some local problems
especially peace and order,there was a delay in the plantation
operations/establishment certain adjustment has been done to cope with the
situation, deviations of which shall be properly documented.
It is understood that areas occupied by bodies of waters and other natural
features rocky portion including artificial structures found and introduced within the
project which are non- plantable shall be deducted from the total area to be
developed and reforested including the existing DENR projects. However, for
purposes of computation, the area traversed by Igbulo River within the project site
was estimated at ______ hectares .On both sides, bank protection shall be
established by planting Bamboos .
All activities programmed for plantation development shall be undertaken
by contractual basis, giving priority to employment of upland communities (forest
occupants) residing adjacent the periphery of the project, and under direct
supervision of the project Manager and/ or assigned Foremen.
It is envisioned that in moderately rolling areas where mechanized farming
could be adopted tractors of varying capacities will be utilized for efficiency. But
inaccessibility can be existing limiting factor.
The Management of Century Peak Power Corp. Has an approved FLaG to
developed /maintained the 139.0 hectares through reforestation /planting activity
including the nriver banks. Using natural grown tree species(Toog,Akleng
Parang,Narra etc.) and exotic ones(Mahogany),bamboos,Fruit trees and later to be
intercropped with Cacao and coffee.
7.6.1 Schedule of the development of the IFMA Site by Year, by Species and by Area
Below is the matrix on the annual reforestation and development schedules
for the 540.79 hectares approved IFMA area of IWCI, to wit:
Table 9. Annual Reforestation Targets and Corresponding Species during a 12 Year Operation
YEAR SCHEDULED
AREA PLANTED (1ST ROTATION)
2019
.
2020
2021
.
SPECIES PLANTED
The IFMA Management shall faithfully accomplish the foregoing planned
schedules for reforestation and development of the subject area.
7.6.2 Site preparationSite preparation was undertaken to achieve a condition based on two- fold
purposes, namely: (a) removal, complete or partial, on the ground competing weed
species to improve the water retention capacity of the rooting zone, facilitating the
planting operation and promoting faster rootlets growth, and eliminating obstacles
for maintenance; and, providing optimal condition during the starting phases of
plantation activities.
7.6.3 Pre- Planting Activitiesa. Strip and Spot BrushingStrip brushing of 1-meter width was the technique used for planting sites
densely covered with cogon and weeds. Ring brushing of 1-meter radius for planting
spots thinly covered with grasses and cogon. These activities will ensure the growth
of out-planted seedlings from competing grasses and weeds during its tender age
and facilities worker’s fast and easy mobility in undergoing plantation activities.
b. StakingStalking operation using bamboo stakes was the next activity after strip and
spot brushing. Done by staking the spots subject for holing to ensure and account
the precise spacing for digging and number of seedlings require per hectare. The
Project Manager and the foreman will strictly supervise the activity. The project has
adopted the following staking system in order to achieve planting design and a welldeveloped plantation:
 Straight line staking for slopes ranging from 0-18% slope, following the cardinal
direction;

Staking along the contour for all other slopes above 18%;
 Prescribing stakes of at least one-meter high for better visibility and provide
visible indicator for corrective measures during the progress of tree planting;
 Staking done at least a week before field planting in order to provide ample
time for holing and hole improvement schemes.
c. Spot MarkingSpot marking is done by clearing the circular spots using a hoe in preparation
for holing and eventual planting.
d. HolingProper holing is done by the use of high quality tools ( augers, shovels, hoes
and bars) as strategy to best guarantee the favorable condition for early vigorous
growth of the seedlings. Proper holing ensure the seedlings to the best possible
conditions in the field to enhance survival and optimum growth.
The Project adopts the following standards for quality holing, namely:
1. Minimum hole-depth of 20cms for 2”x4”x.002 polyethylene bag, including
hole improvement;
2. Minimum hole-diameter of 15cms for 2”x4”x.002 polyethylene bag;
3. Hole improvement , through adding of compost, inorganic fertilizer and lime
at the bottom of each hole; and
4. Other useful considerations adopted was making planting holes
approximately twice the diameter of plastic bags containing the seedling.
7.6.4 Seedling Distribution, Basal Fertilizer and lime ApplicationsOnly graded and hardened, vigorous, and healthy seedlings were pulled out
and/ or taken from the nurseries were transported and distributed to the sites
where the pre-planting activities were undertaken.
Basal application of fertilizer (Inorganic) and agricultural lime as prescribed
after the conduct of the soil analysis was undertaken simultaneously at the planting
site to ensure the growth of planted seedlings and neutralize the acidity of the soil.
7.6.5 Out Planting
Planting operations was started only after proper observance of the preplanting procedures mentioned above.
Planting activities wax started two weeks after the onset of the rainy season
just when there was a guarantee of continuous rain up to, and, until a month before
the expected end of the rainy season. This was done during the early morning and
late afternoon or when the daytime is cloudy in order to minimize shock to the
seedlings.
Seedlings distributed to each holes at the field planting sites were
immediately planted after the application of chemical fertilizers ( 14-14-14) and
locally made compost. The polyethylene bag was removed before it will be finally
covered with top soil.
7.6.6 Blank FillingOnly the topsoil was refilled back to the hole to cover the planted seedlings.
Thorough inspection of the planting site immediately after field planting is
undertaken to account for blanks or unplanted spots for immediate planting.
7.6.7 WeedingWeeding was done not later than two months after planting and every two
months thereafter planting and every two months thereafter or as necessary.
Weeding was not undertaken during the dry months to prevent planted seedlings
from being drought- stressed and was resumed one month after the start of the
rainy season
Weeding was in the form of rings ( ring weeding) with a radius of 50
centimeters or a diameter of 1 m/tree.
7.6.8 Fertilization
Fertilization of the trees/ seedlings planted was undertaken in two (2)
passes; and, as rule, made mandatory during the 2nd and 3rd year after out planting.
This was done on a per need basis considering that the soil nutrient on the soil
nutrients on the soil are low in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). Initially,
fertilization was done using the 14-14-14vfertilizers at a dosage of 30 to 50 grams
per tree per pass depending on age or size of the tree, or at least 10 grams per liter
of water.
Slow release fertilization is the technique used in the project by
placing/bagging 150 to 200 grams 14-14-14 in the 3” by 10” ice candy plastic bags
and buried at the base of the individual planted trees, at least 3”away from the
stem, with a minute hole at the bottom of the bag for the slow release of the melted
fertilizer. This technique was found effective, economical and long lasting use by the
plants.
Table 11. Species Planted by Year, Number of Trees Maintained and Rotation Cycle.
TREES/SPECIES
PLANTED
1.
YEAR PLANTED
SPACING
DISTANCE (M)
ROTATION
AGE (YRS.)
CARED MAINTAINED
AREA
PLANTED (HA.)
TREES
PLANTED
(NO.)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
TOTAL
-
-
-
Table 12. Agri-Crop Production by Type
AGRI-CROPS
YEAR PLANTED
SPACING
DISTANCE (M)
ROTATION
AGE (YRS.)
CARED AND MAINTAINED
AREA
PLANTED (HS.)
CROPS
PLANTED
(NO.)
2.
3.
7.6.11 Scheduled Yearly Activities on Plantation’s Care and MaintenanceTable 13. Silvicultural Practices Applied.
ACTIVITIES
MONTHS
J F M
A
M J
J
A
S
O N
1. Ring Weeding
x
x
x
x
2. Replanting
x
x
x
x
3. Fertilization
x
x
x
x
4. Ring Brushing & Mulching
x x
x
5. Pre- Pruning
x
x
x
x
x
x
6. Pre- Thinning
x
x
x
x
x
x
7. Other Tending Treatment
x
x
x
x
x
x
8. IPD Spraying (ctc basis)
7.6.12 Other Establishments Operations7.7 Tending
7.7.1 PRuning
D
The Corporation is practicing this activity by removal of dry branches of the
planted trees rather than of the green ones, particularly, the forks, abnormal, poorly
shaped trees and wolf trees, to improve the growth of the trees.
7.7.2 Thinning
The Corporation is practicing simple correction of the tree growth after
planting by eliminating the undesirable individuals and only trees with the best stem
were retained up to maturity.
7.7.3 Later Fertilization
Slow release fertilization will still be the technique adopted by the project
when the need arises, by placing/bagging 150 to 200 grams 14-14-14 fertilizers in
the 3”by 10” ice candy plastic bags and buried at the base of the individual planted
trees, at least 3” away from the stem, with a minute hole at the bottom of the bag
for the slow release of the melted fertilizer. This technique was found effective,
economical and ensure long lasting use by the plants.
7.7.4 Other Tending Treatments
All planted trees that have been damaged by typhoon were removed totally
from the sites for any proper disposal. While those planted trees that have been
partially damaged by typhoon were pruned and/ or thinned partially according to
the extent of the damage. Thereafter, any damages that may occur in the future
from unexpected phenomena shall undergo aforementioned practices.
7.8 Plantation Protection
Planted seedlings in the established plantation were nurtured and cared for
to enhance their growth.
Forest protection is regularly done from the establishment up to the project
life. Access road, when necessary, and trails shall be constructed for better and
faster mobility of personnel and needed equipments and/ or facilities.
Protection was undertaken through patrol works, construction of fire
towers, information dissemination and construction of fire lines or firebreaks.
Periodical weeding and cultivation of planted seedlings were undertaken,
combined with the application of fertilizer needed.
Replanting was done after 2 months from out planting to complete the
desired seedling density of the project. The 5% expectation for seedlings mortality
during out planting were replaced seedling buffer stock.
7.8.1 Look-out Tower
A total of 2 lookout towers shall be established which were strategically
located on the slopes of the mountain peaks where panoramic view of the entirely
project area is achieved. This will have to be linked together by footpath
establishment plantation. Communication between and among the towers and the
project quarters is via radio hand set
A total of 8-m wide x 24.84 kilometers fire lines were constructed
surrounding the project and along the boundaries of the newly established
plantation from 1995 to 2006.
7.8.2 Pests and Diseases
All planted trees in the field were regularly checked for prevention from any
entry and/ or attack by any kind of pests and diseases. Appropriate application of
chemicals for specific damage and attack by the injurious agents were undertaken to
protect/ prevent further damages to the plantations.
1.8.3 Encroachment
To deter encroachment, marking and/or blazing of all corners of the project
boundaries established by the DENR personnel were religiously made by the
Management. In addition, prominent trees which are found to be good physical
markers that can be seen at a distance, like Bamboo,Kakawate, and other tree
species willalso be planted in some important corners. Furthermore, encroachment
in the project area was prevented and protected by the construction of fire look-out
towers, checkpoints, bunkhouses, and installation of billboard. And, finally the
constant and regular conduct of the information dissemination with the involved
persons, officials and agencies had helped a lot in the strengthening and
enlightening of the project’s importance which led t its success for 25 years in
operation.
Plantation Guards were being mobilized and actively discharged their duties
and responsibilities, I.e., to maintain, prevent and protect the Iproject area from any
encroachment activity by human beings, including animals, under the closed
supervision of the Project Manager.
7.9 Regeneration
In order to maintain the sustainable yield management program for the
project area, the Corporation shall aim to regenerate areas subjected to clear cutting
programmed during specific period of time thru replanting. At least 4 good mother
trees per hectares shall be left for regeneration purposes. This shall be identified
immediately before the harvesting operations. Natural regeneration, if any, will be
protected from damage during and after major operation’s undertaken on the site.
7.10 Natural Forest Management
7.10.1 Residual Production Forest
Not applicable, since the approved project area of _______hectares is
purely bare and cogonal lands and almost devoid of natural growing forest trees. If
any, in the future, shall be protected.
7.10.2 Degraded Residual Forest
Patches and Degraded Residual Forest can be found within the gullies and
creeks in the Project Area.
7.11 Community Involvement/Development
The Corporate Social Responsibilities of the Corporation on Communities
within and outside Iproject area shall be undertaken through_______
7.11.1 Hiring Policy
Since the area occupied by the forest occupant were all segregated from the
total approved project area the lessee has offered to the people in the
communities, for employment opportunities and voluntary donations to the
barangay officials, students, youths, and others in the form of cash or in kind, as
incentives or gifts.
On the average 20-30 persons were hired during nursery operations
responsible to undertake the establishment of the nurseries, sowing of seeds,
collecting potting mediums and potting of soils in polyethylene bags, care and
maintenance of the seedlings; 50-80 persons were employed during plantation and
protection operations, to include strip/spot brushing, stating, holing, fertilizing,
distributing of potted seedlings, guarding, patrolling and protecting of the
establishment plantations; 100-150 persons shall be hired during harvesting,
processing and market operations. Hiring of workers will adhere to 60:30:10hiring
policy, wherein 60% shall come from the immediate vicinities or host barangays;
30% from neighboring barangays; and 10% outside the host province, respectively.
Salaries/wages and contractual fees for the
7.11.2Ancestral Land
The approved project area of ICentury Peak Corporation is purely part of the
Timberland Block, Project No. ___, LC Map No. ___ of the municipality of Igbaras
Iloilo and has no existing indigenous peoples living there on. The area is not
identified ancestral land and free from any claim by the Indigenous People.
7.11.3 Identification of Issue
The Project involved the residents in the total management framework.
They have integrated themselves with the local population in addressing issues that
have arisen as a consequence of the project. Generally, resolution of the issues was
through consensus and consultation.
Among the commitments of the project was to ensure that the project
Management has planned intervention in resolving issues, without compromising
the environment as whole.
7.11.4 Resolution of Issues
The project submit itself to the full scrutiny of the DENR. However, the
Management is continuously coordinating with the local government units of Igbaras
and the Province of Iloilo and other agencies which may have stakes or interests in
the pursuance of the project.
7.11.5 Detailed Program/ Benefit- Sharing Agreement
The sharing of the profit arising from the project between the holder thereof
and the Government shall be negotiated between the said holder and the DENR
immediately following the approval of the CDMP and the grant of ECC, taking into
consideration, among others cost factor:
a. plantation establishment, protection, management, infrastructure and
harvesting cost as well as mitigating measure;
b. Fixed Assets, equipment and machinery’s directly related to the
plantation development and harvest;
c. Kind and volume of products that shall be harvested and prevailing fair
market prices thereof;
d. Variation in rates of interest and foreign exchange of financial investment;
e. Expenses incurred in indirect activities such as community development,
etc;
f. Forest charges and taxes paid; and
g. Reasonable margin for profit and risks.
The Profit sharing agreed upon shall form part of the IFMA.
7.11.6 Scheduled Yearly Activities on Plantation ProtectionTable 14. Monthly Protection Activities
ACTIVITIES
MONTHS
J F M
A
M J
J
A
S
O N
D
1. Patrolling & Guarding
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2. Fire lines & Firebreaks
x x
X
x
3. Trails’ Construction
x x
x
4. Information Dissemination
x x
x
Look-Out x x
x
x x
x
5. Construction
Towers
6. Encroachment
of
Fire
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
16. HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT
8.3.4 Hauling and/or Transporting
8.3.6 Marketing
The Corporation purposely planted the trees for protection purposes. pro
9. MONITORING AND QUALITY CONTROL
9.1 Forest Management System –
9.11
Compartment System
The total project area of the project of Century Peak was divided into two (2)
irregular compartments with an average size of 50.00 hectares per compartment.
Compartmentalization was done based on the actual physical size/appearance of the
area planted per year during the 12 years operation, in order to achieve and/or
assure better and sound development, management, protection, and utilization of
the project resource. Please prefer to Annex No.---------.
Table 16. Matrix on the Compartmentalization of Plantations.
TARGET
YEAR
COMPAR
TMENT
NO.
1
SPECIES PLANTED
YEAR
PLANTED
AREA
PLANTED
s
NO.
OF REMARKS
TREES
PLANTED
9.1.2 FOREST AND RECORD SYSTEM
The requisite for good management is a proper keeping and preserving of
the records of all events from nursery operations, plantation, management and
protection operations, and harvesting, processing and marketing operations at the
project office.
For each plantation or compartment, a special registration sheet is
maintained, on which all important events and data are recorded. These registers
has to be updated regularly, by registering the following information:
a. Designation of Compartment or Plantation;
b. Area Coverage;
c. Species planted and seed source;
d. Spacing adapted;
e. Date of planting, total number of seedlings planted;
f. Date of replanting;
g. Events and date of the occurrence of injurious agencies, tending
operations, survival counts; pruning, thinning, harvesting, etc.
9.1.3 Maps; Photographs; Awards; and Videos Please refer to Annexes No. 1 to 8 for Maps; and Appendices No. for
Photographs, No. for Awards and Achievements, and No. for Project area and its
Accomplishment of this Plan.
9.2 Monitoring
The DENR personnel, in accordance with and by the virtue of the approved
Lease Agreement, Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC), and Comprehensive
Development and Management Plane (CDMP), shall undertake monitoring and
evaluation of the Iproject in coordination with Lessee and Project Manager. No
admittance of any DENR Personnel for said purpose without clearance from/by the
Lessee and/or his duly authorized representative shall be a Standing Management
Policy.
9.3 Quality Control
Quality control shall be undertaken in every phase of the operation, i.e.,
fumigation of the finished products and silvicultural practices on the growing stock,
appropriate under existing situations and conditions obtaining in the project area
shall be adopted.
10 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
T
11. YIELDS AND PRODUCTION
11.1 Plantations
11.1.1 Thinning Yields
11.1.2 Clear Fell Yield
Cl
5.
6. MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF FOREST RESOURCES
6.1 Natural Growth Forest, River and Creeks Protection
For the untouched natural growth forest, rivers and creeks within the area.
CPEC has utmost concern to preserve and conserve these resources. Awareness
programs for its employees and contractors as well as for the community on
resources protection and conservation shall be done. This is to heighten their
consciousness in prevention of continues degradation of resources and/or
denudation of forests.
For the river and creeks, CPEC is maximizing its efforts for slope stabilization
and siltation prevention.
6.2 Environmental Restoration
6.3 Tree Plantation Establishment
In compliance with the condition in FLAg, and consistent with CPEC’s commitment to
care for the environment, CPEC will implement a Tree Replacement Program, to replace the
trees which were cut during the development of the project.
The plan shall consist of ___________ hectares tree plantation, with _______________
seedlings per hectare, equivalent to ________ forest tree seedlings; and
__________________ hectares fruit tree plantation, with ____________ seedlings per
hectare, equivalent to ________ fruit tree seedlings, with a total number of
______________- seedlings in _________ hectares open sites identified by the DENR in the
Province of Iloilo. (indigenous trees only for protection purposes)
An agreement was made between DENR, CPEC and the People’s Organization, ___
Association, who will be undertaking the implementation of the project. The said agreement
outlines the program of work, the financial aspects and the roles and responsibilities of each
party. (Make MOA). (CPEC will handle the planting and they will only hire people in the
community, will hire a forester and put 3 nurseries)
6.4 Seedling Procurement (will hire people in the community to produce seedlings for the tree
plantation)
_________ Association, the People’s Organization assigned to undertake the tree plantation
establishment is responsible for the seedling propagation or procurement. They are to
produce locally indigenous species of forest trees and fruit trees. Following the work and
financial plan, ________ Association will produce the required seedlings by __________, of
_________ (date), in preparation for planting by _________ (date). (Make Work and
Financial Plan)
6.5 Nursery Operations (will put up 3 nurseries. Upper, lower and middle portion of the CPEC
area, to be supported by map)
All operations and maintenance of the nursery shall be fully taken charge by ___________
Association, based on the tri-partite agreement with CPEC and DENR. They shall maintain a
stock of 20% of the total number of seedlings as contingency in case of mortality.
6.6 Plantation Establishment and Maintenance
Plantation establishment and maintenance is likewise the responsibility of ______
Association, in behalf of CPEC. However, CPEC, shall be closely monitoring to ensure that the
plantation establishment and maintenance is being undertaken according to the contract
and following the approved work and financial plan.
6.7 Plantation Protection(25 years duration of the plan)(trees will be planted based on the
species requirements, 1x1, after years of planting will conduct thinning of the plantation to
ensure healthy growth of the trees stand)
CPEC through ___________ Association shall take charge of the protection and maintenance
for a period of three (3) years. Upon completion of the 3-year maintenance period, the
plantation shall then be turned-over to DENR, through PENRO-Iloilo. The Protection shall
thereafter be under DENR’s care.
6.8 Harvesting of Forest Products
Since the plantation will be turned-over to DENR, CPEC shall not have any participation or
involvement in the harvesting of forest products.
7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION (CRMF- CNFM, monitoring)(
For the CDMP implementation and FLAg conditions compliance, CPEC shall conduct
internal monitoring and evaluation. CPEC shall ensure that all conditions of the FLAg is
religiously complied and that this CDMP is duly implemented. Apart from internal monitoring,
DENR also monitors the company’s compliances. A Multi-partite Monitoring Team (MMT) also
monitors CPEC’s ECC Compliance as well as other environmental compliances, including the
FLAg conditions.
For the implementation of the __________- hectare tree plantation, PENRO-Iloilo and
CPEC shall jointly monitor and evaluate the progress of the works of ______ Association, based
on the approved work and financial plan. Regular inspections will be conducted to ensure that
the planned works are being implemented. Year-end evaluation will also be done to determine
if _________________ association is effectively implementing the tree plantation program.
An Annual FLAg Compliance Report will be submitted by CPEC to DENR through PENRO
Iloilo to ensure regular compliance. Such compliance shall be subject to DENR’s validation.
8. MARKET AND UTILIZATION- The Corporation will not utilized/cut the planted trees,the trees
planted are for protection purposes especially along the river banks.
8.1 Market Information
8.2 Utilization
9. ORGANIZATION
9.1 Company Organization
9.2 Project Organization
9.2.1 Staff
9.2.2 Labor
10. FINANCIAL ASPECTS
10.1 Costs
10.1.1 Development
10.1.2 Post Development Phase
10.2
10.3
10.4
Sources of Finance
Returns
Financial Analysis
11. Appendices
11.1 Maps
11.1.1 General Location with Technical Description (Survey Data)
11.1.2 Roads and Infrastructure Developments