Uploaded by Cherry Mae Horcerada

THE ELEMENTS OF STORY

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Novels are example of fictional prose and are
much longer than a short stories. Stories often
contain structural and character elements that
should be familiar to you.
These elements can be used as guides to help
you think about the actions, themes, and
contexts of the story.
Time and place
Puts the reader in the story by giving the
reader the feeling of being in the
situation.
Creates atmosphere by the positive or
negative feelings associated with the
place
Setting gives us the where and
the when. Could be modern
day, the future or way back
when
The people in the story
who carry out the action
Main or Minor
Protagonist or Antagonist
Protagonist is the leading hero or
heroine
Antagonist is the adversary or enemy
of the hero; opponent
Round or Flat
Flat- a character who reveals only one, maybe two
personality traits in a story or novel, and the
trait(s) do not change
Round- a well developed character who
demonstrates varied and sometimes contradictory
traits. Round characters are usually dynamic
(change iin some way over the course of a story)
 Dynamic or Static
 STATIC- a character that remains primarily the same
throughout a story or novel. Events in the story do not
alter a static character’s outlook, personality,
motivation, perception, habits, etc.
 DYNAMIC- a character which changes during the
course of a story or novel. The change in outlook or
character is permanent. Sometimes a dynamic
character is called a developing character.
 The sequence or order of events in a story. The plot includes:
 Exposition Statement- the part of the plot that tells how the story
begins
 Rising Action- the action in the story leading up to the climax
 Conflict – Struggles or problems between opposing forces.
 Climax- the point of crisis in the plot. It may be the reader’s
point of highest interest.
 Falling Action- the action in the story after the climax is
revealed.
 Resolution – the part of the plot that reveals the final outcome.
CLIMAX
CONFLICT
EXPOSITION
RESOLUTION
 In literature, theme is a perception about life or human nature that
the writer wants to share with the reader.
 In most cases, the theme is not stated directly but must be inferred.
 Themes can be revealed by:
 A story’s title
 Key phrases and statements about big ideas
 The ways the characters change and the lesson they learn about
life.
 The theme of the story is the main idea, the central belief or the topic
that’s in the story.
(Who is telling the story?)
The vantage point from which the
story is told.
Determines how much we, the
readers, know about the characters.
 FIRST PERSON POINT OF VIEW
 Narrator is a character in the story
 Narrator uses first-person pronouns, (I, ME, MY, WE, US, OUR) to refer to himself
or herself.
 Narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of one character and speaks directly
to reader.
 THIRD PERSON POINT OF VIEW
 Narrator does not participate in action of story
 Narrator does not refer to himself or herself
 Narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of one character, but readers are
able to maintain some emotional distance from the character.
OMNISCIENT
The narrator has full access to the
thoughts of all characters.
Refers to the narrator’s attitude
Emotional impression
“ A NOVEL REVIEW”
 Choose any English novel in any
genres.
 Read the novel comprehensively.
 Review your chosen novel
 Write a report or summary about it
following the format.
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VILLANUEVA NATIONAL HIGH SHOOL
Looc, Villanueva Misamis Oriental
PAGE 1
School Year 2022-2023
Fourth Quarter
Final Performance Task in English 9
A NOVEL REVIEW
Submitted by:
Name of Student
Grade and Section
Submitted to:
CHERRY MAE M. HORCERADA
English Teacher
Date
PAGE 2
TITLE OF THE NOVEL
Author
VILLANUEVA NATIONAL HIGH SHOOL
Looc, Villanueva Misamis Oriental
PAGE 3
School Year 2022-2023
Fourth Quarter
Final Performance Task in English 9
A NOVEL REVIEW
Submitted by:
Name of Student
Grade and Section
Submitted to:
CHERRY MAE M. HORCERADA
English Teacher
Date
PAGE 2
TITLE OF THE NOVEL
Author
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