TRS501 VOCABULARY LIST
Note: The definition of each word/phrase is to help students understand the meaning only. It
is NOT RECOMMENDED to copy it to your board game.
1. Gesture (n)
2. Means (n)
a movement that you make with your hands, your head or your
face to show a particular meaning = body movement
a way of achieving or doing something
3. Facilitate (v)
to make an action or a process possible or easier
4. Systematic (adj)
done according to a system or plan, in a complete, efficient or
determined way
a story from ancient times, especially one that was told to explain
natural events or to describe the early history of a people
not good or not as good as somebody/something else
5. Myth (n)
6. Inferior (adj)
7. Comparative (adj)
8. Cognition (n)
9. Quip (v)
10. Imply (v)
11. Classification (n)
12. Evolve (v)
13. Distinction (n)
14. Blur (v)
connected with studying things to find out how similar or different
they are
the process by which knowledge and understanding is developed
in the mind
to make a quick and clever remark
to suggest that something is true or that you feel or think
something, without saying so directly
a group, class, division, etc. into which somebody or something is
put
to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more
complicated form; to develop something in this way
the act of separating people or things into different groups
16. Stem from (v)
to become or make it become difficult to recognize a clear
difference between things
the features of a problem or situation that are difficult to
understand
to be the result of something
17. Alternate (v)
Switch
18. Fit in (v)
Be accepted
19. Convey (v)
Express or say
20. Taboo (adj)
Forbidden
21. Utterance (n)
Spoken word or language
22. Substandard (adj)
Less than average or acceptable
23. Competence (n)
Ability to do something well
24. Grasp (n)
Understanding
25. Bring about (phr.v)
To make something happen
15. Complexities (n)
26. Collapse (n)
A sudden failure of something
27. Defect (n)
A fault in something or in the way it has been made that means
that it is not perfect
Connected with managing a business or an organization, and with
making plans and decisions
1. a possible effect or result of an action or a decision a possible
28. Executive (adj)
29. Implication (n)
effect or result of an action or a decision
30. Repercussion (n)
2. something that is suggested or indirectly stated
Consequence
31. Retirement (n)
The period of your life after you have stopped work, usually
because you have reached a particular age
32. Violation (n)
The act of going against or refusing to obey a law, an agreement,
etc.
Open to everyone
33. Inclusive (adj)
34. Initiative (n)
35. Primary (adj)
A plan or program designed to improve a situation or address a
problem
Most important
36. Promote (v)
Help something develop or become more popular
37. Single-minded (adj)
Having one aim
38. Substantial (adj)
Large
39. Supplier (n)
A person or company that provides goods or services
40. Target (v)
Make something have an effect on a limited group or area
41. Commitment (n)
42. Consumption (n)
A promise to do/ support something
The act of buying and using products
43. Dedicated (adj)
Working hard at something because it is very important to you
44. Productivity (n)
45. Reputation (n)
The rate at which a worker, a company or a country produces
goods, and the amount produced, compared with how much time,
work and money is needed to produce them
The opinion that people have about what s.o/s.th is like, based on
what has happened in the past
So great, shocking or surprising that it is difficult to believe
46. Staggering (adj)
47. Turnover (n)
48. Ultimately (adv)
The rate at which employees leave a company and are replaced by
other people
In the end, finally
49. Anomaly (n)
A thing, situation, etc. that is different from what is normal or
expected
50. Atmosphere (n)
A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or a star
51. Cycle (n)
A series of events being repeated many times, always in the same
order
52. Dramatically (n)
Very suddenly and to a very great and often surprising degree
53. Factor (n)
One of several things that cause or influence something
54. Variability (n)
The fact of something being likely to vary
55. Absorb (v)
56. Drive (v)
To take in and keep heat, light, energy, sound, etc. instead of
reflecting it
To influence something or cause it to make progress
57. Emission (n)
Gas, etc. that is sent out into the air
58. Emit (v)
To send out something such as light, heat, sound, gas, etc.
59. Potential (n)
60. Retain (v)
The possibility of something happening or being developed or
used
To keep something; to continue to have something
61. Shift (n)
A change in opinion, mood, policy, etc.
62. Characterize (v)
To describe or show the qualities of somebody/something in a
particular way
63. Equator (n)
An imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the
North and South Poles
64. Humid (adj)
Warm and slightly wet
65. Predictable (adj)
67. Vary (v)
If something is predictable, you know in advance that it will
happen or what it will be like
To change something completely so that it is the opposite of what
it was before
To change or be different according to the situation
68. Abundant (adj)
Existing in large quantities
69. Account for (v)
To make up a particular amount or part of something
70. Decay (n)
The natural chemical change that causes the slow destruction of
something
Larger amount of something than is suitable
66. Reverse (v)
71. Excess (n)
72. Potency (n)
The strength of something
73. Trap (v)
To prevent from escaping
74. Cue (n)
An action or event that is a signal for somebody to do something
75. Enable (v)
To make it possible for somebody/something to do something
76. Ensure (v)
To make sure that something happens or is definite
77. Input (n)
Time, knowledge, ideas, etc. that you put into work, a project, etc.
in order to make it succeed; the act of putting something in
78. Nonsense (n)
Spoken or written words that have no meaning or make no sense
79. Prior to
Before
80. Subtle (adj)
Not very obvious or easy to notice
81. Adherent (n)
A person who supports a particular set of ideas
82. Arbitrary (adj)
Not seeming to be based on a reason, system or plan and
sometimes seeming unfair = random
83. Draw (v)
To attract or interest somebody
84. Innate (adj)
Inborn
85. Mainstream (adj)
86. Sweeping (adj)
Considered normal because it reflects what is done or accepted by
most people = trend
Having an important effect on a large part of something
87. Take it from there
To continue something that was begun by someone else
88. Universal (adj)
Done by or involving all the people in the world or in a particular
group
A dividing line
89. Boundary (n)
90. Cognitive (adj)
Connected with mental processes of understanding
91. Complementary (adj) Two people or things that are complementary are different but
together form a useful or attractive combination of skills, qualities
or physical features
92. Constraint (n)
A thing that limits something, or limits your freedom to do
something
93. Empirical (adj)
Based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories
94. Iffy (adj)
Not certain
95. In isolation
Separately; alone
96. Presume (v)
To assume
97. Apparent (adj)
Obvious
98. Dimension (n)
An aspect, or way of looking at or thinking about something
99. Expectation (n)
A belief that something will happen because it is likely
100. Invisible (adj)
That cannot be seen
101. Perspective (n)
Viewpoint
102. Punctuality (n)
104. Derive (v)
The fact of happening or doing something at the agreed or correct
time and not being late
Important in a situation but not always easily noticed or stated
clearly
To get something from something else
105. Feminine (adj)
Relating to women or girls
106. Masculine (adj)
Relating to men or boys
107. Sexist (adj)
110. Tough (adj)
Unfair or unequal treatment of people based on their being male or
female
An often untrue and overly general belief about all members of a
group
The chance that something will happen or that a person will
behave in certain way
Very strict or determined
111. Traits (n)
Characteristics or qualities of a person
103. Underlying (adj)
108. Stereotype (n)
109. Tendency (n)
112. Ambiguity (n)
113. Aversion (n)
114. Bureaucracy (n)
115. Innovative (adj)
116. Stability (n)
117. Uncertainty (n)
118. Spectrum (n)
119. Optimism (n)
120. Destiny (n)
The state of being difficult to understand or explain because of
involving many different aspects
A strong feeling of not liking somebody/something
The system of official rules and ways of doing things that a
government or an organization has, especially when these seem to
be too complicated
Introducing or using new ideas, ways of doing something, etc.
The quality or state of being steady and not changing or being
upset in any way
The state of being uncertain
A complete range of something, going from one extreme to the
opposite
A belief that good things will happen
122. Pursue (v)
The things that will happen to someone in the future, especially
those that cannot be changed or controlled
Expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that a
situation will have a bad result
Go or chase after something that someone wants
123. Strict (adj)
Used to describe a rule that must be followed
124. Block (v)
To stop something from moving or flowing
125. Concentration (n)
127. Massive (adj)
The amount of a substance in a liquid or in another substance
/focus
To change frequently in size, amount, quality, etc., especially from
one extreme to another
Very large, heavy and solid
128. Model (n)
A copy of something, usually smaller than the original object
129. Output (n)
The amount of something that a person, a machine, etc. produces
130. Tissue (n)
A collection of cells that form the different parts of humans,
animals and plants
To happen faster or earlier; to make something happen faster or
earlier
The act of forcing somebody/something away from their home or
position
To become greater in size, number or importance
121. Pessimistic (adj)
126. Fluctuate (v)
131. Accelerate (v)
132. Displacement (n)
133. Expand (v)
134. Relocate (v)
135. Thaw (v)
To move or to move somebody/something to a new place to work
or operate
Melt
136. Thermal (adj)
Connected with heat
137. Volume (n)
The amount of something
138. Biodiversity (n)
The existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and
plants which make a balanced environment
Happening as a result or an effect of something
139. Consequential (adj)
140. Decline (n)
141. Extinction (n)
142. Intense (adj)
143. Mammal (n)
A continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of
something
A situation in which a plant, an animal, a way of life, etc. stops
existing
Very great; very strong
145. Uninhabitable (adj)
Any animal that gives birth to live young, not eggs, and feeds its
young on milk. Cows, humans and whales are all mammals
The fact of being valuable and useful to people in their lives and
work
Not fit to live in; impossible to live in
146. Adverse (adj)
Negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good result
147. Capacity (n)
The number of things or people that a container or space can hold
148. Evaporation (n)
The process of a liquid changing or being changed into a gas
149. Exacerbate (v)
To make something worse, especially a disease or problem
150. Saturate (v)
151. Trigger (v)
To fill something/somebody completely with something so that it
is impossible or useless to add any more
To make something happen suddenly
152. Vulnerable (adj)
Weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally
144. Relevant (adj)