Cloud Computing
Speaker:Song Zhihao
Other Members:Zhang Jiangyu
Hu Hang
Sun Jiayang
Agenda
What is Cloud Computing ?
 Definition
 Essential characteristics
 Benefits from cloud
computing
Technologies and Problems
 Application scenarios
 Essential characteristics
 Opportunities and
challenges
Service and Deployment Models
 Service models
 Deployment models
The direction of Cloud
Computing
 Service models
 Deployment models
What is Cloud
Computing ?
What do they say ?
PAR T O N E
Cloud Computing Definition
• Definition from Wikipedia
 Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer
system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage)
and computing power, without direct active management by
the user. Large clouds often have functions distributed
over multiple locations, each of which is a data center.
Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve
coherence and typically uses a pay-as-you-go model, which
can help in reducing capital expenses but may also lead
to unexpected operating expenses for users.
Essential characteristics
WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING ?
Essential Characteristics
Essential
Characteristics
• On-Demand Self Service:
• A consumer can unilaterally provision computing
capabilities, automatically without requiring human
interaction with each service’s provider.
• Resource Pooling:
• The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve
multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model.
• Different physical and virtual resources dynamically
assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand.
Essential Characteristics
• Measured Service:
• Cloud systems automatically control and optimize
resources used by leveraging a metering capability at
some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of
service.
• It will provide analyzable and predictable computing
platform.
• Flexibility
• Companies need to scale as their business grows. The
cloud provides customers with more freedom to scale as
they please without restarting the server. They can
also choose from several payment options to avoid
overspending on resources they won't need.
What can we gain from cloud ?
WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING ?
Benefits From Cloud
• Cloud computing brings many benefits :
 For the market and enterprises
• Reduce initial investment
• Reduce capital expenditure
• Improve industrial specialization
• Improve resource utilization
 For the end user and individuals
• Reduce local computing power
• Reduce local storage power
• Variety of thin client devices in daily life
Choose the service you need.
SERVICE MODELS
Service Model Overview
Service Models
• Cloud
Software as a Service (SaaS):
• The capability provided to the consumer is to use the
provider’s applications running on a cloud
infrastructure.
• The applications are accessible from various client
devices such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying
cloud infrastructure including network, servers,
operating systems, storage,…
• Examples: Caspio, Google Apps, Salesforce, Nivio,
Learn.com.
Service Models
• Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS):
• The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy
onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or
acquired applications created using programming
languages and tools supported by the provider.
• The consumer does not manage or control the
underlying cloud infrastructure.
• Consumer has control over the deployed applications
and possibly application hosting environment
configurations.
• Examples: Windows Azure, Google App.
Service Models
• Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
• The capability provided to the consumer is to
provision processing, storage, networks, and other
fundamental computing resources.
• The consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary
software, which can include operating systems and
applications.
• The consumer does not manage or control the
underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over
operating systems, storage, deployed applications,
and possibly limited control of select networking
components (e.g., host firewalls).
• Examples: Amazon EC2, GoGrid, iland, Rackspace Cloud
Servers, ReliaCloud.
Service Models
Cloud computing service models arranged as layers in a stack
Deployment Models

Private Cloud:


The cloud is operated solely for an organization. It
may be managed by the organization or a third party
and may exist on premise or off premise.
Community Cloud:

The cloud infrastructure is shared by several
organizations and supports a specific community that
has shared concerns.

It may be managed by the organizations or a third
party and may exist on premise or off premise
Deployment Models

Public Cloud:


The cloud infrastructure is made available to the
general public or a large industry group and it is
owned by an organization selling cloud services.
Hybrid cloud:

The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or
more
clouds (private, community, or public).
Opportunities and Challenges

The use of the cloud provides a number of opportunities:
It enables services to be used without any understanding of their
infrastructure.
 Cloud computing works using economies of scale:





It potentially lowers the outlay expense for start up companies, as they
would no longer need to buy their own software or servers.
Cost would be by on-demand pricing.
Vendors and Service providers claim costs by establishing an ongoing revenue
stream.
Data and services are stored remotely but accessible from
“anywhere”.
20
Opportunities and Challenges
In parallel there has been backlash against cloud
computing:
Stored data might not be secure:
With cloud computing, all your data is stored on the
cloud.
 Can unauthorised users gain access to your confidential
data?

Stored data can be lost:
Theoretically, data stored in the cloud is safe,
replicated across multiple machines.
 But on the off chance that your data goes missing, you
have no physical or local backup.


Put simply, relying on the cloud puts you at risk if the cloud lets
you down.
21
Opportunities and Challenges

Does not work well with low-speed connections:
Similarly, a low-speed Internet connection, such as that found
with dial-up services, makes cloud computing painful at best and
often impossible.
 Web-based applications require a lot of bandwidth to download, as
do large documents.


Features might be limited:

This situation is bound to change, but today many web-based
applications simply are not as full-featured as their desktopbased applications.
22
Future Trends



According to Gartner, global spending on public cloud products is
growing at an annual rate of 20.4% and is likely to reach $600
billion in 2023.
Gartner projects that end-user spending on Infrastructure as a
Service (IaaS) is growing at 30.6% year-over-year. The growth
forecast is 26.6% for Desktop as a Service (DaaS) and 26.1% for
Platform as a Service (PaaS). The increasing trend of hybrid work is
driving organizations to spend an estimated $2.6 billion per annum
on their cloud migration efforts.
51% of IT spending in these markets will go toward public cloud
solutions by 2025, up from 41% in 2022. 65.9% of application
software spending will go towards the cloud in 2025, increasing from
23
57.7% in 2022.
Future Trends
Quantum Computing
Quantum computing is changing the business world in
unprecedented ways. Companies like Google promote innovation by
leveraging quantum physics principles to develop next-generation enduser products. Supercomputers are the best example of how quantum
computing works when used correctly. Companies such as IBM, Microsoft,
Google, and AWS compete by adapting to the emerging quantum
technologies.
Financial institutions can leverage quantum computing to speed
up their transaction processes. This approach saves time and increases
process efficiency. Quantum computers store data in qubits, a simpler
form of data that speeds up processing. Quantum computing also reduces
the additional cost of creating new resources to handle pre-optimized
tasks.
24
Future Trends
Edge Computing
Cloud providers are moving closer to the edge to respond to the
growth of 5G, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and latencysensitive applications. Edge computing is not new to the tech
industry glossary, but companies are increasingly adopting it.
Although data centers are built to store large amounts of
information in one centralized location, half of the global
population lives in rural areas. Edge computing allows systems to
become increasingly distributed, bringing data and processing
closer to users. This approach reduces latency, cuts bandwidth
costs, and improves connection performance.
25
Future Trends
Secure Access
Service Edge (SASE)As employees access more services and data from
devices outside of corporate IT networks, businesses are
reevaluating their security and risk management strategies. Gartner
coined the term Secure Access Service Edge to refer to a cloudbased IT security approach that addresses the changeability of work
processes.
Companies using SASE can benefit from cloud-based network security
services such as security gateways, firewalls, and zero-trust
network access (ZTNA). SASE is a robust architecture that gives
businesses peace of mind, allowing them to deliver new services
quickly and securely through the cloud.
26
Future Trends
IDC has estimated that the future of cloud computing will rapidly
evolve in the coming years. Close to 75% of data operations are said
to be carried out outside of the normal data centers, and 40% of
organisations are said to deploy cloud computing technologies. Edge
computing will become an integral part of all organisations processes.
End-point devices are said to be ready to execute AI algorithms by
2023. This shows that the future of cloud computing is bright.
27
谢
谢
观
THANK YOU FOR YOUR LISTENING
看