THE PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
FREUD
SIGMUND
THE NEOPSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
CARL JUNG
THE LIFE SPAN APPROACH
ERIK
ERIKSON
THE BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH
B.F.
SKINNER
THE SOCIAL LEARNI9NG APPROACH ALBERT
BANDURA
THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH
ABRAHAM
MASLOW
THE TRAIT APPROACH
CARL ROGERS
ALLPORT
ADVANCES IN PERSONALITY THEORY
RAYMOND CATTELL
ROTTER
GORDAN
JULIAN
THE PSCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
 INSTINCTS
 THE LEVELS OF PERSONALITY
 THE STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY
 ANXIETY
 DEFENSE MECHANISMS
 PSYCHO SEXUAL STAGES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
 ASSESSMENT IN FREUDS THEORY
PSYCHO ANALYSIS:
Sigmund Freud’s
Theory of Personality and
System of Therapy for
treating mental disorders
INSTINCTS:
They are the basic elements of personality, the motivating
force that drive behavior and determine its direction
 Instincts are a form of energy
 It connects the body’s need with mind’s wishes
For eg:
TYPES OF INSTINCTS
LIFE INSTINCTS:
It serves the purpose of survival of the individuals by
seeking to satisfy the need for food, water, air & sex
The Psychic Energy manifested is the Libido
The libido can be attached to objects called Cathexis
DEATH INSTINCTS:
The unconscious drive towards decay, destruction and
aggression
It is a unconscious wish to die
Aggressive Drive:
The compulsion to destroy, conquer or kill
THE LEVELS OF PERSONALITY
 CONSCIOUS:
It includes all the sensations and experiences that we are
currently aware of.
 PRECONSCIOUS:
Store house of memories, perception and thoughts that
are not consciously aware but could be recalled easily.
 UNCONSCIOUS:
It consists of the instincts, those wishes and desires that
direct our behavior.
STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY
ID
EGO
SUPER
EGO
ID
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The reservoir for instincts and libido
Supplies all the energy for Ego and Super ego
Does not tolerate gratification and has no awareness of reality
Id operates on PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
Primary thought process, the child like thinking by Id to satisfy
the instinctual drives.
EGO




The rational aspect of personality responsible for directing
and controlling the instincts.
Ego mediates between the id and super ego
It operates on the REALITY PRINCIPLE
Secondary thought process, mature thought process needed
to deal rationally with the outside world
SUPER EGO
 The internalization of parental and societal values and




standards
Learned by the age of 5 or 6
It operates on the MORALTY PRINCIPLE
Ego ideal, good behaviors for which children are praised
Conscience, behaviors for which children are punished