Question 2
The four horsemen of the Apocalypse are a metaphor used to depict the end of something.
When used in the context of a relationship, the four horsemen describe and show us how our
actions, inactions, and communication styles impact our relationships negatively. The four
horsemen are:
1: Criticism: in relationships, when we interact, sometimes we complain or criticize one
another. However, there is a difference between criticizing someone and making a complaint.
Complaints are usually about specific issues and should be made politely while criticizing
someone is attacking their personality.
2. Contempt: this is the most significant predictor of divorce in a marriage or the demise of a
relationship. Communicating contemptuously involves being disrespectful, downright mean, or
rude, using sarcasm, ridicule, or name-calling another person.
3. Defensiveness: This follows criticism and occurs when a person feels attacked or does not
what to take responsibility for their actions or inactions. Being defensive is detrimental to a
relationship because it only tells your partner you do not take them seriously, and you are
unwilling to take responsibility for your actions. Defensiveness is the wrong way to resolve
conflict, and most times, it always backfires.
Defensive statement: Of course, I left it on the table. It's your fault I forgot it, if you had
reminded me or put it in my bag, I would not have forgotten it.
4. Stonewalling: stonewalling is usually a response to contempt. it involves refraining from
communicating with a person for a period or indefinitely. People who stonewall often try to
avoid confronting the issue at hand, especially when they feel physiologically flooded with
conflict. Sometimes it is essential to take a break, especially when feeling inundated by the heat
of a dispute. Take a break from the conflict for about 20 minutes and then come back to revisit
the issues after both parties have taken a break.
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse | The Gottman Institute - YouTube
Question 4
The role of media on Sexuality is an important topic, especially among growing adolescents and
youth—the media, such as TV, radio, magazines, shows, the internet, etc., impacts the curious
and growing minds of children, adolescents, and youth. However, although the media's role has
pros and cons, it should not be the only source of information, especially regarding sex
education.
Evidence accumulates that besides imparting basic information about sex, the universal and
risk-free media portrayal and inadequate alternative models from other sectors encourage
unhealthy sexual attitudes and behaviors.
The media portrayals reinforce a consistent set of sexual and relationship norms, the media
rarely depict sexually responsible models. Its depiction is often time an unrealistic and
incomplete message. It sets young minds up for disappointment, significantly when one's sexual
experience or preference differs from what is depicted in the media.
Arguably, the most critical reason for the saturation of our media with sexual content is the
understanding that sex sells. The public continues to be fascinated with sex, and there is an
unquenchable appetite for sexual content. Carroll (2012) declares that the naked body is still "a
primary means of selling products and improving ratings," and this has promoted blatant
portrayals of Sexuality by the media.
Here are some theories on how the media impacts sexual development in adolescents :
1. The cultivation theory; proposes that the more time a person spends consuming media, the
more likely they are to accept its fictional images as reality (Ward et al., 2006). ("The Media
Portrayals of Sexuality and Its Effects Essay - Free Essays") According to this theory, people are
at risk of adopting the beliefs and ideas about sex portrayed in mass media.
2. The contemporary theory: This theory advances that while there exists a correlation between
the consumption of sexual content and the development of sexual identities, there exists no
evidence of causality (Watson & McKee, 2013). The model suggests that it could be that young
people who are starting to develop sexually are more interested in sexual content in the media
and therefore look for it.
Even though the media has some misleading portrayals of sex to the public, it also has some
positives. Blogs, articles, magazines, and social media outlets are used to spread helpful,
relevant information regarding sex and Sexuality. Moreover, an example of some valuable
resources include:
 Relationships - Healthy Sexuality - Public Health - Region of Peel (peelregion.ca).
 Online Dating - Teens' Experiences | Internet Matters