Measurement Bench
• Accessories
• Power supply
• Wave form generator
• Multimetre
• Oscilloscope
Dr. L.Scucchia
OSCILLOSCOPE
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (1)

The oscilloscope allows to display a voltage (vertical axis - Y axis) versus
time (horizontal axis - X axis).

The oscilloscope can also display two voltages on both the axes (XY mode).

The quantities shown on the screen are voltages.

To facilitate reading of the magnitudes, on the screen there is a grid
consisting of some horizontal and vertical divisions.

The oscilloscopes in the laboratory are DSO3202A and MSO-X 3012T by
Keysight (ex Agilent).

DSO stands for Digital Storage Oscilloscope

MSO stands for Mixed Signal Oscilloscope

Both oscilloscopes use an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the
measured voltage into digital information.

The digitized data are stored in a “channel memory”
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (2)
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
-
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (3)
A probe feeds the input signal into the oscilloscope where the
attenuator and the amplifier are used to compensate for input
levels for various voltage per division settings. The trace position
is adjusted changing the DC Offset.
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
-
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (4)
The ADC provides a discrete form of the signal:
•
in the time domain (sampling) and
•
in the amplitude domain (quantization).
The ADC converter operates continuously at the maximum sampling frequency.
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
-
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (5)
The memory is organized as a circular buffer.
The write pointer advances at the rate of the ADC.
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
-
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
write
pointer
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (6)
The trigger signal, through the timebase system,
causes the start of the reading cycle of the channel
memory
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
-
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
write
pointer
read
pointer
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (7)
The trigger event defines a reading interval.
The trigger determines when captured data are stored and displayed.
On the display the result is a
signal portion preceding and
following the trigger event
read
pointer
Trigger level
0
k
n-1
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (8)
Trigger problems (different trigger events)
read
pointers
Two or more trace on the display.
A trace in movement on the display
Trigger level
0
0
0
k
k
n-1
n-1
k
n-1
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (9)
Newer DSOs use custom DSPs to quickly process data
and then send waveform data into display memory.
Attenuator
Input
BNC
+
Amplifier
-
DC
Offset
Trigger
Coupling
+
DC
Trigger
Level
Channel
Memory
ADC
Trigger
signal
Trigger
Comp
-
Yellow = Channel specific blocks
Blue = System blocks
DSO Block Diagram
Display
DSP
Timebase
System
Trigger
Logic
CPU
System
Dr. L.Scucchia
•
•
•
•
•
Sample Rate
Oscilloscope Bandwidth
Rise Time
Memory Depth
Actual Sample Rate
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (10)
Sampling Theory
The Nyquist sampling theorem states that for a limited bandwidth signal with
maximum frequency fMAX, in order to reconstruct the sampled signal without
aliasing, sampling frequency fS must satisfy this equation:
fMAX  fS /2  Nyquist frequency (fN )
Aliasing
Aliasing occurs when signals are under-sampled (fMAX>fS/2). Aliasing is the
signal distortion caused by low frequencies falsely reconstructed from an
insufficient number of sample points.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (11)
Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate (1)
For the sampling theory the banwidth should be fBW =fS/2 assuming there are no
frequency components above fMAX (fBW) and it requires a system with an ideal
brick-wall frequency response.
 Attenuation
0 dB
fBW= fs/2
Frequency 
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (12)
Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate (2)
• All oscilloscopes exhibit a low-pass frequency response – typically called a
Gaussian response.
• A Gaussian frequency response closely approximates a single-pole low-pass
filter. As the frequency of an input signal increases, the Oscilloscope will begin
to attenuate the input signal and then begin to make inaccurate measurements.
• The frequency at which a sine wave input signal is attenuated by -3 dB is
the oscilloscope bandwidth. But -3 dB attenuation is about -30% attenuation
(considering the formula 20 Log(Vo/Vi)) .
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (13)
Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate (3)
On the other hand,
• digital signals have frequency components above the fundamental
frequency (square waves are made up of sine waves at the fundamental
frequency and an infinite number of odd harmonics), and
• typically oscilloscopes (with 500MHz bandwidths and below) have a Gaussian
frequency response.
So, in practice, the oscilloscope bandwidth should be equal or less than a
fourth of sampling frequency: fBW ≤ fS/4. This way, there is less aliasing, and
aliased frequency components have a greater amount of attenuation.
fBW≤ fs/4
Frequency 
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (14)
Example: bandwidth effect
This slide shows two different bandwidth oscilloscopes capturing the
same 100 MHz square waveform.
The first oscilloscope has fBW=fMax=100MHz
The second oscilloscope has fBW=5fMax=500MHz, it is able to capture up to
the fifth harmonic with minimal attenuation.
Input = 100-MHz Digital Clock
Response using a 100-MHz BW scope
Response using a 500-MHz BW scope
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (15)
Oscilloscope Rise Time
It is the fastest edge speed the oscilloscope can produce and not the fastest
edge speed that it can accurately measure.
Closely related to an oscilloscope bandwidth specification is its rise time
specification.
Bandwidth
Rise time
Oscilloscopes with a Gaussian-type frequency response have
rise time ≈ 0.35/fBW
With rise time obtained from 10% to 90% of the Vtop.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (16)
Oscilloscope Bandwidth Required
• The oscilloscope bandwidth required to accurately measure a signal is
determined by signal rise time.
• Faster edges have a spectrum with higher frequency components.
• However, there is an inflection (or "knee") in the frequency spectrum of fast
edges where frequency components higher than fknee are insignificant in
determining the shape of the signal [1].
fknee = 0.5 / signal rise time (based on 10% - 90% thresholds)
fknee = 0.4 / signal rise time (based on 20% - 80% thresholds)
Required
accuracy
Oscilloscope band width
required
20%
fBW = 1.0 x fknee
10%
fBW = 1.3 x fknee
3%
fBW = 1.9 x fknee
[1] Howard W. Johnson's
,”High-Speed Digital Design –
A Handbook of Black Magic”
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (17)
Memory Depth and Sample Rate
o For an oscilloscope's analog-to-digital converter there is a maximum sample rate.
o The memory point number (memory depth) of an oscilloscope is fixed.
o The actual sample rate is determined by the time of the acquisition (related
to the oscilloscope horizontal time/div scale).
Actual sample rate = memory depth/ acquisition time
• Storing 50μs of data in 50000 memory points, the actual sample rate is 1 GSa/s.
• Storing 50ms of data in 50000 memory points, the actual sample rate is 1 MSa/s.
50 ms
Sample
rate = 1 MSa/s
50000 points
Oscilloscope achieves the actual sample rate decimating the unneed samples.
The actual sample rate is displayed in the summary box in the right-side
information area.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope
Sample Rate
Oscilloscope Bandwidth
Memory Depth
Oscilloscope Bandwidth
Rise Time
Actual Sample Rate
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (18)
DSO3202A (Agilent)
200-MHz Bandwidth
2 analog channels
1 GSa/s sample rate
MSO-X 3012T (Keysigth)
100 MHz Bandwidth
2 analog +16 digital channels
5 GSa/s sample rate
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (19)
Run
Control
Softkeys
Horizontal
Controls
Measure
controls
Waveform
controls
Vertical
controls
Trigger
controls
Auto
Scale
Analog channel
Inputs
Compensation
terminals
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope
DSO3202A (Agilent)
Display
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (20)
MSO-X 3012T (Keysight)
Display
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (21)
Softkeys The functions of these keys change based upon
the menus shown on the display directly above the keys.
MSO-X 3012T
DSO3202A
The Back/Up key
moves up in the softkey menu hierarchy.
At the top of the hierarchy, the key
turns the menus off, and
oscilloscope information is shown instead.
Entry knob
It is used to select items from menus and to change values.
The function of the Entry knob changes based upon the
current menu and softkey selections.
The curved arrow symbol
next the entry knob illuminates
whenever the entry knob can be used to select a value.
When the Entry knob symbol appears on a softkey, you can use the Entry knob,
to select values. Often, rotating the Entry knob is enough to make a selection.
Sometimes, you can push the Entry knob to enable or disable a selection.
Pushing the Entry knob also makes popup menus disappear.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (22)
Low Frequency Compensation
1. Set the Probe menu attenuation to 10X.
2. Attach the probe tip to the probe compensation
connector.
3. Press the Autoscale front panel button.
4. If the waveform is not rectangular you must
compensate.
5. Through a nonmetallic tool adjust the screw
located near the probe up to get a signal perfectly
compensated.
High Frequency Compensation
1. Using the BNC adapter, connect the probe to a
square wave generator.
2. Set the square wave generator to a frequency of 1
MHz and an amplitudeof 1 Vp-p.
3. Press the Autoscale front panel button.
4. If the waveform does not appear like the Correctly
Compensated waveform shown in figure, then
adjust the 2 high frequency compensation
adjustments on the probe for the flattest square
wave possible.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (23)
Vertical controls
DSO3202A
They include:
[1] and [2] analog channel on/off keys: these keys permit
to switch a channel on or off, or to access a channel menu
in the softkeys. There is one channel on/of for each analog
channel.
Vertical scale knobs: for each channel there is a knob
marked with
. Use these knobs to change the vertical
sensitivity (gain) of each analog channel.
Vertical position knobs: use these knobs
to change the
channel vertical position on the display. sensitivity (gain) of
each analog channel.
MSO-X 3012T
MSO-X 3012T
Mathematical operations are activated by
pressing Math.
The waveforms may be stored using the
menu Ref.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (24)
Vertical controls: Channel menu (softkeys)
It appears after pressing channel keys [1] or [2]
DSO3202A
• Channel Coupling Control
• Bandwidth Limit Control
• Probe Attenuation Control
• Invert Control
• Digital Filter Controls
MSO-X 3012T
• To specify channel coupling
• To specify channel input impedance
• To specify bandwidth limiting
• To change the vertical scale knob's
coarse/fine adjustment setting
• To invert a waveform
• Setting Analog Channel Probe Options
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (26)
MSO-X 3012T
To specify channel coupling
In the Channel Menu, press the Coupling softkey to select the input channel coupling:
• DC — DC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms with a not large DC offsets.
• AC — AC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms with large DC offsets.
AC coupling places a 10 Hz high-pass filter in series with the input waveform
that removes any DC offset voltage from the waveform.
When AC coupling is chosen, you cannot select 50Ω mode. This is done to prevent
damage to the oscilloscope.
To specify channel input impedance
In the Channel Menu, press Imped (impedance); then, select either:
• 50 Ohm — matches 50 ohm cables commonly used in making high frequency measurements,
and 50 ohm active probes. When AC coupling is selected or excessive voltage is
applied to the input, the oscilloscope automatically switches to 1M Ohm mode to
prevent possible damage.
• 1M Ohm— is for use with many passive probes and for general-purpose measurements.
The higher impedance minimizes the loading effect of the oscilloscope on the
device under test.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (28)
MSO-X 3012T
To specify the probe attenuation
This is set automatically if the oscilloscope can identify the connected probe.
If the connected probe is not automatically identified by the oscilloscope, you
can manually set the attenuation factor as follows:
1. Press the Probe softkey until you have selected how you want to specify the attenuation
factor, choosing either Ratio or Decibels.
2. Turn the Entry knob to set the attenuation factor for the connected probe.
• When measuring voltage values, the attenuation factor can be set from 0.1:1 to 10000:1.
• When measuring current values with a current probe, the attenuation factor can be set
from 10 V/A to 0.0001 V/A.
• When specifying the attenuation factor in decibels, you can select values from -20 dB to
80 dB.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (26)
DSO3202A
Connection control - pushing the button to the right of Coupling you can choose
between three possible connections:
AC for a connection via capacitor
(display the AC component)
DC for a direct connection
(display full signal)
GND for the check of the reference level
(ground voltage)
Bandwidth Limit Control - allows to
remove, from the waveform examined,
the high frequency components not
relevant to the measurement made. Press
the key corresponding to BW Limit
function is activated (ON) and all
components at frequencies greater than
20 MHz are rejected.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (27)
DSO3202A
Control probe attenuation - Allows you to specify the
attenuation on the probe selected. The probe attenuation
control changes the attenuation factor for the probe.
The attenuation factor changes the vertical scaling of the
oscilloscope so that the measurement results reflect the
actual voltage levels at the probe tip.
Invert control - The invert control inverts the displayed waveform with respect to the
ground level.
Digital filter controls - Pressing the Digital Filter menu key displays the Filter Controls.
The filter controls set the digital filter
used to filter the sampled waveform
data. The types of filters that are
available are shown in the table.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (28)
Horizontal controls
DSO3202A
The oscilloscopes permit to fix only one value of
time per division for all waveforms.
• Horizontal scale knob: it is marked with the
symbol
and permit to adjust the
time/div (sweep speed) setting.
• Horizontal position knob: turn the knob
marked ◄► to see through the waveform
data horizontally.
MSO-X 3012T
The menu associated with the time base is
activated by pressing:
• [Main/Delayed] (DSO3202A),
• [Horiz] and Zoom key (MSO-X 3012T).
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (29)
Horizontal controls MSO-X 3012T
• You can see the captured waveform
before the trigger or after the trigger. If
you pan through the waveform when the
oscilloscope is stopped (not in Run mode)
then you are looking at the waveform
data from the last acquisition taken.
• [Horiz] key: press this key to open the Horizontal Menu where you can select
XY and Roll modes, enable or disable Zoom, enable or disable horizontal
time/division fine adjustment, and select the trigger time reference point.
• Zoom key
: Press the zoom key
to split the oscilloscope display into
Normal and Zoom sections without opening the Horizontal Menu.
• [Search] key — Lets you search for events in the acquired data.
• [Navigate] keys — Press these keys to navigate through captured data via time,
search events, or segmented memory acquisition.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (30)
Horizontal controls MSO-X 3012T
The figure shows the Horizontal
menù obtained pressing the
[Horiz] key.
•
•
•
•
To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll)
To display the zoomed time base
To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting
To position the time reference (left, center, right)
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (33)
Trigger controls DSO3202A
Level: it changes the voltage level of the trigger signal.
Force: it forces the acquisition.
50%: voltage level of the trigger signal is set equal to
the average value.
Ext Trig: external trigger.
Mode/Coupling: Trigger menu is activated.
•
•
•
•
•
Mode
 Edge, Pulse e Video (metods)
Source
 CH1, CH2, ext, …
Slope
Sweep
 Auto, Normal
Coupling AC, DC, LFrejet e HFrejet
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (34)
Trigger controls MSO-X 3012T
These controls determine how the oscilloscope
triggers to capture data.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Adjusting the Trigger Level
Forcing a Trigger
Trigger
Edge then Edge Trigger
Pulse Width Trigger
Pattern Trigger
OR Trigger
Rise/Fall Time Trigger
Nth Edge Burst Trigger
Runt Trigger
Setup and Hold Trigger
Video Trigger
Serial Trigger
Zone Qualified Trigger
Trigger menù
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (35)
Trigger controls MSO-X 3012T
You can adjust the trigger level for a selected analog channel by turning the
Trigger Level knob or using the touchscreen.
The [Force Trigger] key causes a trigger (on anything) and displays the
acquisition.
The [Trigger] key displays the trigger menu:
• Press the Trigger softkey, and use the Entry knob to select Edge.
• Select the trigger source (Analog channel, Digital channel, External, Line,
WaveGen, WaveGen Mod (FSK/FM))
• Press the Slope softkey and select: Rising, Falling, Alternating and
Either edges.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscopio (27)
DSO3202A (Agilent)
Real-time sampling
In the real-time sampling mode, single waveforms are
sampled at same intervals.
The digitizer works at maximum speed to acquire as
many points as possible in one sweep, and the 3000
Series oscilloscopes provide actual sampling rates up to
1 GSa/s the maximum sample rate.
In real-time sampling the trigger event happens on a
particular feature of the waveform (amplitude). In this
type of data acquisition, the sample rate of the ADC
determines the sample spacing and the number of points
that will be displayed.
Equivalent time Sampling
The input signal is only sampled once per
trigger.
At the next triggered, a small delay is added
and another sample is taken.
The number of samples determines the
necessary number of cycles to reproduce the
waveform.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (42)
Waveform keys MSO-X 3012T
[Acquire] key: lets you select Normal, Peak Detect, Averaging, or High
Resolution acquisition modes and use segmented memory
[Display] key: lets you access the menu where you can enable persistence,
clear the display, and adjust the display grid (graticule) intensity.
[Touch] key: press this key to disable/enable the touchscreen.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (43)
MSO-X 3012T
To select the acquisition mode:
1 Press the [Acquire] key on the front panel.
2 In the Acquire Menu, press the Acq Mode softkey; then, turn the Entry knob to
select the acquisition mode.
The Infinii Vision oscilloscopes have the following acquisition modes:
• Normal — at slower (greater) time/div settings, normal decimation occurs, and
there is no averaging. Use this mode for most waveforms.
• Peak Detect — at slower (greater) time/div settings, the maximum and
minimum samples in the effective sample period are stored. Use this mode for
displaying narrow pulses that occur infrequently.
• Averaging —this mode permit to average multiple acquisitions together to
reduce noise and increase vertical resolution (at all time/div settings).
Averaging requires a stable trigger.
• High Resolution — at slower time/div settings, all samples in the effective
sample period are averaged and the average value is stored. Use this mode
for reducing random noise. It extracts an average from sequential sample
points within the same acquisition.
In MSO-X 3012T model you can use only the Realtime sampling. The Equivalent
time sampling option is present in MSO-X 3102T, MSO-X 3104T model.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (41)
Run Control keys
• When the [Run/Stop] key is green, the oscilloscope is acquiring data (is
running) when trigger conditions are met. To stop acquiring data, press
[Run/Stop].
• When the [Run/Stop] key is red, data acquisition is stopped. To start acquiring
data, press [Run/Stop].
• To capture and display a single acquisition (whether the oscilloscope is
running or stopped), press [Single]. The [Single] key is yellow until the
oscilloscope triggers.
DSO3202A
MSO-X 3012T
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (45)
Autoscale Control MSO-X 3012T
Tools keys :
• [Utility] key —the utility Menu, which lets you configure the oscilloscope's I/O
settings, use the file explorer, set preferences, access the service menu, and
choose other options.
• [Quick Action] key — Press this key to perform the selected quick action:
measure all snapshot, print, save, recall, freeze display, and more.
• [Wave Gen] key — Press this key to access waveform generator functions.
• [Analyze] key — To access analysis features like:
-
Measurement threshold setting.
Trigger level setting.
Video trigger automatic set up and display.
Counter (DVMCTR).
Digital voltmeter (DVMCTR)
Mask testing
The DSOX3PWR power measurement and analysis application.
File keys
[Save/Recall] key: it is used to save or recall a waveform or
setup.
[Print] key: it opens the Print Configuration Menu so you
can print the displayed waveforms.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (28)
Measure Controls
DSO3202A
Meas
Cursor
Sourcee:
Voltage:
Time
Clear
Display All:
CH1, CH2
Vpp,Vmax, Vmin, Vavg,...
Freq, Period,
OFF, ON
Manual:
Menù
Track:
Menù
Auto Measure: Menù
Meas button on the front panel activates the automatic measurement system, in
particular this enables oscilloscope to perform 20 different measures including:
Vpp, Vmax, Vmin, Vamp, Vavg, Vrms, Freq, Period, risetime and Fall Time.
The Cursor button on the front panel activates the menu corresponding to the
measures concerning the marker. There are three modes: Manual, Track and Auto
Measure.
• Manual, the screen shows two parallel cursors that can be moved on the track in
order to obtain the measures of voltage or of time desired. The
values corresponding to the cursors are shown in the upper part of the screen.
• Track, two sliders are automatically activated that can be adjusted using the
added knob.
• Auto Measure, available when the measurement system is automatically
activated, the oscilloscope displays the cursor in relation to the latest measures
Dr. L.Scucchia
used.
Oscilloscope (44)
Measure controls MSO-X 3012T
The measure controls consist of:
• Cursors knob: Push this knob to select cursors
from a popup menu. Then, after the popup menu
closes (either by timeout or by pushing the knob
again), rotate the knob to adjust the selected cursor
position.
• [Cursors] key: Press this key to open a menu that
lets you select the cursors mode and source.
• [Meas] key: Press this key to access a set of
predefined measurements.
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (29)
DSO3202A (Agilent)
Voltage measurements:
• Vpp
• Vmax
• Vmin
• Vavg
• Vamp
• Vtop
• Vbase
• Vrms
• Overshoot
• Preshoot
(Peak-to-Peak Voltage)
(Maximum Voltage)
(Minimum Voltage)
(Average Voltage)
(Amplitude Voltage = Vtop - Vbase)
(Top Voltage)
(Base Voltage)
(True Root-Mean-Square Voltage)
(Measure the overshoot voltage in percent (Vmax-Vtop)/Vamp. Overshoot is a waveform
distortion which follows a major edge transition)
(Measure the preshoot voltage in percent (Vmin-Vbase)/Vamp,. Preshoot is a waveform
distortion which precedes a major edge transition)
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscopio (30)
3202A (Agilent)
Time Measurements:
• Frequency
• Period
• Rise Time
• Fall Time
• +Width
• -Width
• +Duty
• -Duty
• Delay 1→2
• Delay 1→2
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (31)
DSO3202A (Agilent)
Delay 1-2, rising edges
Delay 1-2, falling edges
50%
Channel 1
Dta
50%
t1
Channel 2
Left display side
Left display side
Dta
t2
Delay From channel 1 to channel 2
rising edges ( t2-t1)
Channel 1
50%
50%
t1
Channel 2
t2
Delay From channel 1 to channel 2
Falling edges ( = t2-t1)
t2-t1=Dta>0
Dr. L.Scucchia
Oscilloscope (32)
DSO3202A (Agilent)
Left display side
Delay 1-2, rising edges
Channel 1
t2-t1=-Dtb<0
50%
Dta
50%
t2
50%
Dta=T-Dtb>0
Channel 2
t1
Delay From channel 1 to channel 2
rising edges ( = t2-t1)
Dr. L.Scucchia