Man As Person
2
Man As Person
• Ethics is the study of man as moral
being.
• What goals we assign to ourselves, what
actions we choose to do, and how we
treat others – depend on how we
understand ourselves as a human being.
•2
Filipino Beliefs
• Filipinos believe that…
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5.
Man is a creature of God.
Man has an immortal soul.
Man has an assigned destiny in life.
Man must do good or else be punished by God.
Man by nature is good but is morally weak.
• Regarding morality, Filipinos believe that..
1.
2.
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Morality is “batas ng Diyos”
A person should respect humanity, “pagkatao”
A person should love and care for his family.
A person should strive to live peacefully with others.
A person should fear God and His punishment.
Rational Animal
• Man is an organism composed of a material
body and a spiritual soul.
• He is the whole of his materiality and
immateriality, the substantial union
(hylomorphic) of body and soul, matter and
spirit. The essential wholeness is what we call
human nature.
Rational Animal
•
BIOLOGICAL
• The psychological powers include those of
the senses; such as smelling, tasting, seeing,
hearing, perceiving, imagining and
remembering; and those acts of emotions,
such as love, hatred, desire, disgust, joy,
sorrow, fear, despair, and courage.
Human
Nature
PSYCHOLOGICAL
RATIONAL
POWERS
The biological powers are nutrition,
locomotion, growth; and reproduction.
•
The rational powers are those of the intellect
and the will – comprehension and volition,
respectively.
Natural Law
• Human nature is the natural law because, like the
laws of society, it directs man in all his activities.
Natural differs from the so called laws of nature
which are all the forces governing the material
universe, including man.
• Natural law applies only to man as a rational
animal.
A Moral Being
• Three characteristics reveal man’s moral nature:
1. Man by natural insight is able to distinguish between
good and evil, right and wrong, moral and immoral.
2. Man feels himself obliged to do what is good and to
avoid what is evil.
3. Man feels himself accountable for his actions so that his
good deeds merit reward, while his evil deed deserve
punishment.
Man as Person
• Man is born as an individual, or person. Person is human nature
actualized and manifested in the history of place and time.
• Person comes from the Greek word, “persophon” which is the
mask worn by stage actors.
• Person is defines as “an individual, existing separately and
independently from others, capable of knowing and living in an
intellectual way; and of deciding for himself the purpose or end
of his actions.”
Personality and Character
• Personality is the sum of those physical attributes and tendencies
which define a person’s distinctive behaviour. The sum of physical
constitution, talents, abilities and habits which define
characteristics behaviour.
• As persons, all men are equal regardless of race. However, a
person may have more personality than another.
Personality and Character
• Character is often taken synonymous to personality. This is correct
if personality is taken as the sum-total of the psychological
systems in an individual which enable him to adjust to his
environment.
• Character refers the person’s choice of values and his intelligent
exercise of his freedom.
• While personality is an aspect of the body, character is the aspect
of the human soul.
Moral Character
• Character is the will of the person directing him towards a
recognized ideal.
• Character is not a product of a moment’s inspiration, but a
disciplined tendency to choose the right thing in any given
circumstance. It is adherence to what is true, beautiful, and good
in us.