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Design Methodology - Mind Mapping
Article · May 2021
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Tripoli University - Faculty Of Engineering
Department Of Architecture & Urban Planning
Design Methodology
ARCH 454
By Student : Emhamed Saleh Elmeshai
NO : 022160247
U. Supervising : Prof. Latifa Wafa
Fall 2020
Mind Mapping
0
Introduction :
Mind-mapping is a popular tool that is used and taught in early design
ideation. It allows for externalization of ideas as a structured network
comprised of textual and visual represen-tations of concepts emanating
from a central problem, and radi-ating outward as branches holding
relevant information. While design research has often used mind-maps for
concept genera-tion (e.g. actionable ideas at the periphery of the map),
the main value of mind-mapping comes from being able to “have a visual
overview of a problem at hand that shows the relationship be-tween a
central theme and its ramification of important factors or ideas” This is
because it allows an unconstrained explo-ration of a variety of ideas before
solving a problem. This paper presents a study of collaborative mindmapping in pairs with an emphasis on the process through which the map
evolves during the ideation process. In keeping with the original spirit of
mind-mapping, it focus mainly on the problem exploration abil-ity afforded
by mind-mapping in early design instead of solution finding or concept
generation .
Also...A mind mapping is a diagram used to visually organize information.
A mind map is often created around a single concept, drawn as an image in
the center of a blank landscape page, to which associated representations of
ideas such as images, words and parts of words are added .
Definition :
• Mind Maps are a unique thinking tool that will bring out your natural
genius and enable you to shine in every area of your life.
• The term «mind map» was first popularized by British popular
psychology author and television personality Tony Buzan.
• The use of diagrams that visually «map» information using branching
and radial maps traces back centuries. These pictorial methods record
knowledge and model systems, and have a long history in learning,
brainstorming, memory, visual thinking, and problem solving by
educators, engineers, psychologists, and others.
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Historical Examples :
• Some of the earliest examples of such graphical records were developed
by Porphyry of Tyros, a noted thinker of the 3rd century, as he
graphically visualized the concept categories of Aristotle. Philosopher
Ramon Llull (1315–1235) also used such techniques.
• The semantic network was developed in the late 1950s as a theory to
understand human learning and developed further by Allan M. Collins
and M. Ross Quillian during the early 1960s.
Ramon Llull
M. Ross Quillian
Allan M. Collins
Why Mind-mapping?
Of the many ways of ideation that are currently employed and taught in
conceptual design, mind-maps serve a special pur-pose in that they go
beyond the scope of merely exploring a solution-space. Mind-maps are
basically tools for aiding critical thinking and analysis in active learning setups Its hierarchical structure allows in-depth exploration of ideas making
them useful for a variety of applications ranging from document drafting
project planning and decision making discuss utility of mind-maps in
learn-ing process of engineering students for creative thinking Specifically
during design ideation they are useful for reflection, note-taking, ideacommunication, and idea synthesis while reducing the cognitive load
accompanied with retrieval and maintenance of diverse-knowledge
elements In our work, we investigate mind-mapping as a means for
problem ex-ploration in conjunction with problem-solving when relevant.
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Tony Buzan Methodology :
introduced mind mapping technique to the world with his books and
developed a system which would pave the way for many people This mind
mapping technique was developed toward the end of the 1960s and has
been employed in many different areas since the development
Mind mapping is an extremely valuable technique to be learnt and used
by the students in learning process. As a notetaking technique, the mind
map allows individuals to “organize facts and thoughts” in a map format
containing a “central image, main themes radiating from the central
image, branches with key images and key words, plus branches forming a
connected nodal structure”. In addition, the mind
map helps students to assimilate new information, to think and
to develop their conceptual schema At the same time,adopting mind
mapping strategy can significantly improve students’ achievement .
• BUZAN MIND MAPPING – NOTETAKING TECHNIQUE
In the traditional note taking method, it is aimed to remember the
information, to make a written or oral communication, to sort the ideas,
to make a problem analysis or a plan and to bring out a creative idea. The
standard format used is the linear In contrast, Buzan mind mapping is a
visual tool used to organize and relate themes or objectives. Buzan asserts
that mind maps that incorporate pictures and different colors bring ideas to
life.
A good mind map is able to show the overall structure of the topic or
problem and lines and pictures Unlike linear thinking techniques, mind
mapping is a graphic technique that captures ideas and information
Moreover, the implementation of this technique which enhances the
creativity, and makes learning and note taking easier is extremely simple in
which a hierarchical order is followed
Buzan’s guidelines as: “A central focus or graphic representation of the
main topic is placed in the center of a page; ideas are allowed to flow freely
without judgment; key words are used to represent ideas; one key word is
written per line; key words are connected to the central focus with organic
lines; color is used to highlight and emphasize ideas; and images, symbols
and codes are used to highlight ideas and stimulate the mind to make
connections.”The hand drawn mind map in next page Figure illustrates the
overall organization of the topic, Laws of Buzan mind mapping .
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How do I use mind mapping?
You can use mind mapping for the following:
• taking notes in a lecture and listening for the most important points or
keywords
• showing links and relationships between the main ideas in your subject
• brainstorming all the things you already know about an essay question
• planning the early stages of an essay by visualising all the aspects of the
question
• organising your ideas and information by making it accessible on a
single page
• stimulating creative thinking and creative solutions to problems
• reviewing learning in preparation for a test or examination.
How do I get started with mind mapping?
1. Place the central theme/main idea or controlling point in the centre
of your page. You may find it easier to place your page on the side, in
landscape orientation, which is easier for drawing purposes.
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2. Use lines, arrows, speech bubbles, branches and different colours as ways
of showing the connection between the central theme/main idea and your
ideas which stem from that focus. The relationships are important, as they
may form your essay paragraphs.
3. Avoid creating an artistic masterpiece. You should draw quickly without
major pauses or editing. Chances are, your first idea was fine and you
placed that idea in the direction or on the branch you thought made the
most sense. It is important in the initial stages of mind mapping to consider
every possibility, even those you may not use.
4.Choose different colours to symbolise different things e.g. you may
choose blue for something you must incorporate in your paper, black for
other good ideas, and red for the things you need to research or check with
your tutor/lecturer. Your method is entirely up to you, but try to remain
consistent so that you can better reflect on your mind map at a later stage.
5.Leave some space on your page. The reason for this is that you can
continue to add to your diagram over a period of time. If A4 sized paper
feels too small, you may like to use A3.
What does a mind map look like?
A standard mind map begins with the following shape:
You may prefer to turn your
paper to landscape
Place your central
theme/main idea in the centre
MAIN
IDEA
Draw lines, arrows, speech bubbles,
branches, callouts, or any other
visuals to show the connection to
the central theme/main idea.
Cluster similar information together
and form sub-branches.
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The following mind map is a basic model with which
you can get started on a research topic:
Why ?
How ?
Who ?
MAIN
IDEA
When ?
What?
Where ?
Example: Mind Mapping ‘Strategies for Climate Change’ Essay Topic
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What are the benefits of using mind mapping?
To achieve higher levels of concentration and creativity, together with
greater organisation and more concise communication, mind mapping
might be an effective strategy for you to consider. The benefits of mind
mapping are many and varied. In summary they include:
• giving you an overview of a large subject/broad topic and allowing you to
represent it in a more concise fashion
• encouraging you to see the bigger picture and creative pathways
• enabling you to plan/make choices about the selection of resource
• material you have for an assignment and where you are going to place it
• providing you with a more attractive and enjoyable format for your eye/
brain to look at, muse over and remember.
• Concept mapping, mind mapping and argument
In recent years, academics and educators have begun to use software
map-ping tools for a number of education-related purposes. Typically,
the tools are used to help impart critical and analytical skills to students,
to enable students to see rela-tionships between concepts, and also as a
method of assessment. The common feature of all these tools is the use
of diagrammatic relationships of various kinds in preference to written
or verbal descriptions. Pictures and structured diagrams are thought to
be more comprehensible than just words, and a clearer way to illustrate
understanding of complex topics. Variants of these tools are available under
different names: ‘‘concept mapping’’, ‘‘mind mapping’’ and ‘‘argument
mapping’’. Sometimes these terms are used synonymously. However, as this
paper will demonstrate, there are clear differences in each of these mapping
tools. This paper offers an outline of the various types of tool available and
their advantages and disadvantages. It argues that the choice of mapping
tool largely depends on the purpose or aim for which the tool is used and
that the tools may well be converging to offer educators as yet unrealised
and potentially comple-mentary functions.
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The mapping tools :
An attempt has recently been made to outline the similarities and
differences between different mapping techniques .
However, no mention was made of the most recent computer-aided
mapping tool, argument mapping. This paper updates this earlier paper and
outlines three key types of mapping: mind mapping, concept mapping and
argument mapping with an emphasis on the software tools used to make the
maps.
1. Place an image or topic in the centre using at least 3 colours
2. Use images, symbols, codes, and dimensions throughout your Mind Map.
3. Select key words and print using upper or lower case letters.
4. Each word/image is alone and sitting on its own line.
5. Connect the lines starting from the central image. The central lines are
thicker, organic and flowing, becoming thinner as they radiate out from the
centre.
6. Make the lines the same length as the word/image.
7. Use colours—your own code—throughout the Mind Map.
8. Develop your own personal style of Mind Mapping.
9. Use emphasis and show associations in your Mind Map.
10. Keep the Mind Map clear by using radial hierarchy, numerical order or
outlines to embrace your branches.
Fig. A Mind Map (‘‘ Made With Mind Mapping Tool’’)
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Concept mapping
Concept mapping is often confused with mind mapping However, unlike
mind mapping, concept mapping is more structured, and less pictorial
in nature. The aim of concept mapping is not to generate spontaneous
associative elements but to outline relationships between ideas. Thus,
concept mapping is a relational device. A concept map has a hierarchical
‘‘tree’’ structure with super-ordinate and subor-dinate parts (primary,
secondary and tertiary ideas). The map normally begins with a word or
concept or phrase which represents a focus question that requires an answer
Cross-links using connective terms (usually prepositional phrases) such as
‘‘leads to’’, ‘‘results from’’, ‘‘is part of’’, etc., are used to show relationships
between concepts represented. Examples (not shown here) are added to
terminal concepts as instances but these are not enclosed in boxes or circles
as they are not concepts .
Figure
Two different Novakian-style concept maps using the software CMap
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Argument mapping
A relatively recent innovation, developed since 2000, is computer-aided
argument map-ping (CAAM). Available in a wide-range of software
formats,3 argument mapping has a different purpose entirely from mind
maps and concept maps. Argument mapping is concerned with explicating
the inferential structure of arguments. Where images and topics are the
main feature of associative connections in mind maps, and concepts are the
main relationships in concept maps, inferences between whole propositions
are the key feature of argument maps.
Figure
Argument map using the software Rationale
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• Mind Mapping VS. Concept Mapping
Concept maps - Mind maps differ from concept maps in that :
• Mind maps focus on only one word or idea, whereas concept maps
connect multiple words or ideas.
• Also, concept maps typically have text labels on their connecting lines/
arms. Mind maps are based on tree structures denoting relationships
with a central governing concept, whereas concept maps are based on
connections between concepts in more diverse patterns.
• Mind maps & Architecture Design process
•The Designing process is a modified scientific method.
•Some authors refer to a mind map as a potential alternative strategy for
organizing Design .
•Intuition plays a part for experienced Architect .
•Phases :
1 .Assessing phase
2. Diagnosing phase 3. Planning phase
4 .Implementing phase 5 .Evaluating phase
• Designing process : Mind & Concept Mapping
A concept map or conceptual diagram is a diagram that depicts suggested
relationships between concepts A concept map typically represents ideas
and information as boxes or circles, which it connects with labeled arrows.
The relationship between concepts can be articulated in linking phrases
such as causes, requires, or contributes to :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Concept mapping helps Designers organize thoughts and methods.
Improve memory and comprehension with concept mapping.
Concept mapping for Designing enhances decision making.
Use concept mapping software to Develop reports ( Softwares ).
Assessing Customer Needs.
Finding Relationships Between spaces.
7.
8.
Problems Diagnosis.
Design Plans.
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Figure
Mind Mapping Of Design Process
Figure
Mind Mapping Of Design Thinking
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references :
• Concept mapping, mind mapping and argument ,Martin Davies 2010
• Buzan Mind Mapping: An Efficient Technique for NoteTaking T. K.
Tee, M. N. A. Azman, S. Mohamed, Muhammad, M., M. M. Mohamad,
J. Md Yunos, M. H. Yee, W. Othman , 2014
• Mind Mapping, Writing Centre Learning Guide © The University of
Adelaide ,2014
,2014
• http://www.udel.edu/chem/white/C
http://www.udel.edu/chem/white/C342
342/CMap.ppt
/CMap.ppt
http://tutorials.istudy.psu.edu/conceptmaps/
http://www.mind-mapping.co.uk/mind-maps-examples/education.htm
http://www.mindmapart.com/
http://www.informationtamers.com/WikIT/index.php?title=Information_
map _types
• Videos on Mind Mapping
http://au.youtube.com/results?search_query=tony+buzan
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