Department of Education-Region III
TARLAC CITY SCHOOLS DIVISION
LEARNING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SECTION
SSES SCIENCE 5
Quarter 1-Week 5
The Excretory and
Urinary System
Name: ___________________________
Section: __________________________
SSES SCIENCE 5
Quarter 1-Week 5
The Excretory and
Urinary System
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Joan A. Bugtong
Editor: Aiisa C. Corpuz, PhD
Reviewer: Lilybeth B. Mallari
Illustrator: Genesis C. Dador
Layout Artist: Joan A. Bugtong
Management Team:
Maria Carmen P. Cuenco, EdD, CESO VI
Michelle A. Mejica, EdD.
Robert E. Osongco, EdD.
Aiisa C. Corpuz, PhD.
Lilibeth B. Mallari
This Learner’s Activity Sheet is written in support of the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum. This is to assure that learners achieve the expected learning competencies for
the Grade Level.
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I. PRE – ASSESSMENT
Direction: Read and analyze each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The urinary system is primarily a part of _________.
A. The reproductive system
B. The gastric system
C. The endocrine system
D. The excretory system
2. The organs of the urinary system are __________
A. The paired fallopian tubes, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the
urethra.
B. The paired kidneys, the paired ovaries, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
C. The paired kidneys, the paired testes, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
C. The paired kidneys, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
3. Which of the following parts is not found in the urinary system?
A. Ureters
B. Urethra
C. Bladder
D. Rectum
4. The main function of the urinary system is to _______
A. Get rid of waste and extra fluid.
B. Keep waste in the body.
C. Get rid of nutrients.
D. Transport nutrients in the body.
5. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder by two thin tubes called _______
A. Ureters
B. Tubulars
C. Capillaries
D. Urinary tracts
6. How does waste get in your blood?
A. Chemical reactions in the cells of your body break down the nutrients resulting to
some wastes accumulated in the blood.
B. Nutrients break down and the waste materials are sent to the liver to be excreted.
C. Results of chemical reaction from nutrients are distributed to the heart to be pumped
and excreted out to the lungs.
D. The by-products of chemical reactions are sent to the lungs to be excreted out as
carbon dioxide.
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7. The _______ is a muscle that prevents urine from exiting the bladder until you’re ready to
urinate.
A. Calf
B. Quadriceps
C. Pectoral
D. Sphincter
8. How does kidneys filter waste materials from the blood?
A. through tiny filtering units called villi
B. through the renal artery
C. through tiny filtering units called nephrons
D. through the narrow tubes called the ureters
9. Why is it important to urinate when you have to?
A. To remove toxins and other harmful things from your blood
B. To keep your kidneys and bladder stay healthy
C. To keep you away from any kidney disease and disorders
D. All of the above
10. How do you keep your kidneys healthy and functioning well?
A. Eat salty and sweet foods all the time
B. Drink caffeinated drinks more often.
C. Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day.
D. Control urination even when you feel like urinating
II. Discussion
Brief Introduction
The excretory system is a vital biological system that removes excess and waste
products from the body to maintain homeostasis. Most of these products are in fact used
and broken down components of metabolism that leave the body in the form of urine,
sweat, or feces. The excretory system is largely associated with the urinary, or renal,
system. This system consists of various organs that produce and then excrete the urine
out of the body: the kidneys, ureters, the bladder, and the urethra.
Through the course of this lesson, you are going to find out more about the parts and
functions of the organs of the urinary system. The diseases that are associated with it as
well as how to maintain a healthy and working urinary system will be discussed.
Learning Competency to be developed:
• Identifies the parts and functions of the (Respiratory, Circulatory, Excretory/ Urinary)
Systems using multi-media and non-multimedia resources.
Objectives:
1. Describe the parts and functions of the excretory and urinary system.
2. Communicate clearly how the organs of the excretory and urinary system work
together to make the human body function properly.
3. Identify the common diseases and disorders of the urinary system.
4. Practice and maintain healthful habits.
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A. Let’s Recall
Activity 1
Search for me!
Direction: Find and circle 10 hidden words in the puzzle that are related to the excretory and
urinary system. Write the words inside the notepad below.
https://freesvg.org/
kidney-crosssection-illustration
https://freesvg.org/note-paper-on-binder-vector-image
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B. Let’s Understand
Activity 2
Filter it out!
Direction: Using the list of materials below, follow the procedures in performing the simple
experiment on Kidneys.
*Adult supervision is needed in performing this activity.
Materials:
funnel
fish sauce (patis)
a piece of white cloth
soy sauce
clear glass
ketchup
water
rock salt
Procedures:
1. Mix the water, patis, soy sauce, ketchup, rock
salt in a clear glass. Stir slightly.
2. Cover the top of the funnel with a piece of white
cloth to form a filter.
3. Pour the mixture into a clear glass using the
funnel or the filter.
4. Observe what happens.
Observation:
1. What happened when you poured the mixture into the funnel?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. What is being filtered out in the mixture?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the particles left behind in the filter?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4. What organ of the body represents the filter funnel?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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5. What kind of wastes do your kidneys flush out?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Conclusion:
How does the kidney work to remove liquid waste materials from your body?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
C. Let’s Explain
I. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
Its Function
 to excrete (get rid
off) wastes that
are not useful to
the body
 to eliminate nonsolid wastes from
the body through
lungs, liver, skin,
and kidneys
Image A. Digital image. The Excretory System. Weebly, n.d. Web. 7 Mar. 2015.
<http://excretorysystemmiguel.weebly.com/diagrams.html>.
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ORGANS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
http://www.medicalgraphics.de/e
n/free-pictures/organs/kidneystructure.html
The kidneys filter
the blood to form
urine, which is
excess water, salt,
urea and uric acid
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/l
iver-organ-anatomy-2934612/
The liver gets rid of
excess amino acids
The amino acids
are converted into
urea. The kidneys
excrete the urea
The liver also
breaks down old red
blood cells.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/
wiki/File:Anatomy_The_Skin__NCI_Visuals_Online.jpg
Skin excretes
wastes such as
excess water, salt,
urea and uric acid
are removed from
the body in sweat.
https://pixabay.com/vectors/lungsorgan-anatomy-bronchia-154282/
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/abd
omen-intestine-large-small-1698565/
The Lungs excretes
excess carbon
dioxide. (CO2) waste
is removed from the
body when we exhale.
The large intestine
removes solid,
undigested food from
the body after it passes
through the digestive
system.Waste is stored
in rectum until it is
excreted from the body
as solid waste.
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THE URINARY SYSTEM
It helps the body to
eliminate liquid waste
called urea, and to keep
chemicals, such as
potassium and sodium,
and water in balance.
Urea is produced when
foods containing protein,
such as meat, poultry,
and certain vegetables,
are broken down in the
body.
The Urinary System is primarily
a part of the Excretory System
that is concerned with filtering
out excess fluid and other
substances in the bloodstream
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Urea is carried in the
bloodstream to the
kidneys, where it is
removed along with
water and other wastes
in the form of urine.
URINARY SYSTEM AND ITS PARTS
1. Kidneys - This pair of purplish-brown organs is located below the ribs toward the middle
of the back. Their function is to:

Filter waste out of the blood
How does waste get in your blood?
Chemical reactions in the cells of your body break down the nutrients. Some of the
waste is the result of these chemical reactions. Some of these are not needed by the body.
The waste has to go somewhere; this is where the kidneys come in. First, blood is carried
into the kidneys by the renal artery. The kidneys filter that blood through tiny filters to
remove the waste. These filters, called Nephrons are so small you can see them only with
a high-powered microscope.

Balance the volume of fluids and minerals in the body (homeostasis)

Release hormones to regulate blood pressure

Control production of red blood cells
2. Ureters - These narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Muscles in the
ureter walls continually tighten and relax forcing urine downward, away from the kidneys. If
urine backs up, or is allowed to stand still, a kidney infection can develop.
3. Bladder - This triangle-shaped, hollow organ is located in the lower abdomen. It is held in
place by ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones. The bladder's
walls relax and expand to store urine, and contract and flatten to empty urine through the
urethra.
4. Sphincter muscles - These circular muscles help keep urine from leaking by closing tightly
like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder.
5. Urethra - This tube allows urine to pass outside the body. The brain signals the bladder
muscles to tighten, which squeezes urine out of the bladder. At the same time, the brain
signals the sphincter muscles to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra.
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The Path of Urine
Kidneys
• The waste that is collected combines
with water and is filtered out by the
kidneys
Ureter
• As each
kidney makes urine, the urine slides
down a long tube called the ureter
• The urine collects in the bladder,
as storage sac that holds the urine
Bladder
Muscles that help keep urine from leaking by
closing in tightly around the bladder.
Sphincter
muscles
Urethra
The urine goes from the bladder
down another tube called the urethra
and out of your body.
DISEASES/DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
Diseases and Disorders
Description
Acute Renal Failure
Sudden loss of kidney function
Chronic kidney failure
Kidneys slowly lose ability to
function
Cystitis
Urinary bladder infection; more
common on females
also called “renal calculi” caused
Kidney stones
by mineral salt deposits in the
kidneys
Incontinence
Inability to control urination
Polycystic kidney disease
Cysts develop in the kidneys
Pyelonephritis
Infection of the kidney and renal
pelvis
glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the glomeruli of
the kidney; one cause of chronic
renal failure
https://publicdomainvectors.org/en/free-clipart/Female-doctor-image/68869.html
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How to keep the Urinary System Healthy
1. Drink 6-8 glasses of water every day.
2. Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks
which can increase the amount of water loss
through urination.
3. Follow a well-balanced eating plan.
4. Practice good hygiene.
5. Get regular medical checkups.
https://publicdomainvectors.org/en/free-clipart/Girl-with-teaching-stick/73097.html
D. Let’s Apply
Activity 3.1
True or Flush!
Direction: Write TRUE on the toilet if the statement is true and FLUSH if the statement is
False.
1. The excretory system eliminate wastes from the body.
2. The urethra transports urine to the bladder.
3. Urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys, where it is removed along
with water and other wastes in the form of urine.
4. Lungs excretes oxygen, a waste that is removed from the lungs when we
exhale.
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5. Sphincter muscles help keep urine from leaking by closing in tightly around
the bladder.
6. Waste from the blood is carried into the kidneys by the renal artery.
7. The kidneys filter the blood through tiny filters called villi to remove the waste.
8. The large intestine removes solid, undigested food from the body after it
passes through the digestive system.
9. Sweat contains urea and uric acid that is excreted from the body through the
liver.
10. Homeostasis keeps the balance of volume of fluids and minerals in the
body.
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Activity 3.2
Follow the Path!
Direction: Arrange the flow of the urine stated below by following the right path. Write them
on the space provided below.
The urine collects in the bladder, as storage sac
that holds the urine.
Muscles that help keep urine from leaking by
closing in tightly around the bladder.
The waste that is collected combines with water
and is filtered out by the kidneys.
As each kidney makes urine, the urine slides down
a long tube called the ureter.
The urine goes from the bladder down another
tube called the urethra and out of your body.
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E. Let’s Evaluate
Activity 4
Goodbye Wastes!
Direction: Eliminate the waste by writing the waste words listed in the box inside the oval
close to the toilet.
urine
feces
oxygen
excess water
sweat
carbon dioxide
excess amino acids
uric acid
potassium
phlegm
vitamins
blood
salt
https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/ThhoJix_school-restroom-clipart-clip-art-transparent-stock-toilet/
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calcium
urea
Activity 5
Name that Disease!
A. Direction: Identify what kind of disease is being described in each number. Write the
correct answer inside the box.
1. Inability to control urination
2. It is also called “renal calculi” caused by mineral salt deposits
in the kidneys.
3. Infection of the kidney and renal pelvis.
4. Sudden loss of kidney function.
5. Kidneys slowly lose ability to function.
B. Direction: Anna is suffering from urinary tract infection due to poor eating habits. What
advice can you give her so that she can get well? Give her at least five (5) pieces of health
advice. Write your answer inside the box.
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/sick-kid-having-belly-cramps-feeling-unwell-vector-13256766
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III. POST – ASSESSMENT
Direction: Read and analyze each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer.
1. The urinary system works to _____.
A. breakdown food into proteins and other nutrients
B. get rid of waste and extra water from your body
C. defend your body against infections and diseases
D. bring air into the body and get rid of carbon dioxide
2. The organs of the urinary system are __________
A. The paired fallopian tubes, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the
urethra.
B. The paired kidneys, the paired ovaries, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
C. The paired kidneys, the paired testes, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
C. The paired kidneys, the paired ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
3. When you are sitting in class and realize that you have to go to the bathroom, where is
your urine being stored?
A. kidneys
B. ureters
C. bladder
D. urethra
4. Urine is made up of _______
A. urea, water, and other wastes
B. water only
C. nutrients and water
D. blood and water
5. It is also called “renal calculi” caused by mineral salt deposits in the kidneys.
A. Kidney stones
B. Cystitis
C. Chronic kidney failure
D. Pyelonephritis
6. How does waste get in your blood?
A. Chemical reactions in the cells of your body break down the nutrients resulting to
some wastes accumulated in the blood.
B. Nutrients break down and the waste materials are sent to the liver to be excreted.
C. Results of chemical reaction from nutrients are distributed to the heart to be pumped
and excreted out to the lungs.
D. The by-products of chemical reactions are sent to the lungs to be excreted out as
carbon dioxide.
7. Which of the following is the correct sequence in which urine flows in the renal system?
A. bladder, ureter, kidney, urethra, sphincter
B. kidney, sphincter, ureter, urethra
C. kidney, ureter, bladder, sphincter, urethra
D. bladder, kidney, ureter, sphincter, urethra
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8. How does kidneys filter waste materials from the blood?
A. through tiny filtering units called villi
B. through the renal artery
C. through tiny filtering units called nephrons
D. through the narrow tubes called the ureters
9. Why is it important to urinate when you have to?
A. To remove toxins and other harmful things from your blood
B. To keep your kidneys and bladder stay healthy
C. To keep you away from any kidney disease and disorders
D. All of the above
10. How do you keep your kidneys healthy and functioning well?
A. Eat salty and sweet foods all the time
B. Drink caffeinated drinks more often.
C. Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day.
D. Control urination even when you feel like urinating
17
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Activity 3.2
1. The waste that is collected combines with
water and is filtered out by the kidneys.
2. As each kidney makes urine, the urine slides
down a long tube called the ureter.
3. The urine collects in the bladder, as storage
sac that holds the urine.
Activity 4
10. urea
5. salt
9. Carbon dioxide
4. phlegm
8. uric acid
3. excess amino acids
7. sweat
2. excess water
6. feces
1. urine
Activity 3.1
1. TRUE
4. Muscles that help keep urine from leaking by
closing in tightly around the bladder.
5. The urine goes from the bladder down
another tube called the urethra and out of
your body.
Activity 2
5. Liquid waste materials and other excess water from
the blood are filtered out from the kidney.
6. TRUE
4. The filter funnel represents the kidney
5. TRUE
3. Some solid particles were left behind.
4. FLUSH
2. The liquid part was filtered out.
3. TRUE
1. Some solid particles remain in the mixture and the
liquid part was filtered out.
2. FLUSH
7. FLUSH
8. TRUE
9. FLUSH
10. TRUE
Let’s Recall
Activity 1
1. kidney
2. ureter
3. excretion
4. urea
5. waste
Conclusion:
The kidneys act as filter to clean our blood and remove
liquid waste and other waste materials in the body in
the form of urine.
PRE-ASSESSMENT
6. bladder
7. nephrons
8. urine
9. homeostasis
10.urethra
10. C
5. A
9. A
4. A
8. C
3. D
7. D
2. C
6. A.
1. D
IV. ANSWERS KEY
10. C
5. A
9. A
4. A
8. C
3. C
7. C
2. C
6. A
1. B
5. Get regular medical checkups.
4. Practice good hygiene.
3. Follow a well-balanced eating plan.
2. Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks which can
increase the amount of water loss through urination.
1. Drink 6-8 glasses of water every day.
POST-ASSESSMENT
B.
5. Chronic kidney failure
4. Acute Renal Failure
3. Pyelonephritis
2. Kidney stones
1. Incontinence
A.
Activity 5
IV. REFERENCES
“Anatomy of the Urinary System.” Anatomy of the Urinary System | Johns Hopkins
Medicine. Accessed August 24, 2020. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellnessand-prevention/anatomy-of-the-urinary-system.
“Excretory System.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily. Accessed August 24, 2020.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/excretory_system.htm.
Hirsch, Larissa, ed. “Your Kidneys (for Kids) - Nemours KidsHealth.” KidsHealth. The
Nemours Foundation, September 2018. https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/kidneys.html.
Peters, Shane. “Excretory System.” SpringerLink. Springer, Cham, January 1, 1970.
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1287-1.
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Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng Department of Education-Region III
Department of Education – Tarlac City Schools Division
Juan Luna Street,Sto.Cristo, Tarlac City,2300
Telephone No. : 045-9824439/ 4708180
E-mail Address: tarlac.city@deped.gov.ph
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