CLASSROOM RULES
L- Listen attentively
I- Initiate participation
F- Follow instructions
E- Engage in performance task
HAZARDS
AND
ITS
TYPES
PREVIOUS TOPIC
Disaster readiness and risk reduction
Disaster readiness and risk reduction
GRADE 11 - LESSON
DANIELLE JOY C. BERMAS
Teacher
Learning objectives
At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. identify and describe various potential earthquake hazards;
b. describe the effects of the different earthquake hazards;
c. make an emergency evacuation plan for the family; and
d. relate the significance of understanding the potential earthquake
hazard to everyday life
GROUP
Activity 1
“Name me”
Instruction: Identify the following pictures, name them according to
the six potential earthquake hazards, and state their effects.
EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS
EFFECTS
Activity 2
“My family evacuation plan”
Make a diagram of your emergency evacuation plan for your family. Identify the
necessary thing for you to include in your survival kit. Make a graphic organizer
of your kit. (Example is given).
WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE?
An earthquake (also known as
quake, tremor or tremblor) is the
perceptible shaking of the surface of
the Earth, resulting from the sudden
release of energy in the Earth’s crust
that creates seismic waves. (US
Geological Science-USGS)
EARTHQUAKE HAZARD
Geologists explain that an earthquake is a type of
hazard that depends on the strength of seismic activity,
along with such factors as local topographic and built
features, subsurface geology and groundwater.
WHAT ARE THE
POTENTIAL EARTHQUAKE
HAZARDS?
Earthquake hazards
The following are the different hazards that normally result from the occurrence of an
earthquake.
1. Ground Shaking or Ground Motion
2. Ground or Surface Rupture
3. Liquefaction
4. Earthquake-induced ground subsidence
5. Tsunami
6. Earthquake-induced Landsides
Ground shaking or ground motion
The Earth shakes with the passage of earthquake
waves, which radiates energy that had been “stored”
in stressed rocks, and were released when a fault
broke and the rocks slipped to relieve the pent-up
stress.
GROUND OR SURFACE RUPTURE
Surface rupture is an offset of the ground
surface when fault rupture extends to the Earth’s
surface. Any structure that is built across the fault is
at risk of being torn apart as the two sides of the
fault slip past each other. Normal –and-reverse(collectively called dip-slip) faulting surface
ruptures features vertical offsets while strike-slip
faulting produces lateral offsets.
liquefaction
Soil liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced
by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. It normally occurs on saturated soils, that is,
soils in which the space between individual particles is filled with water.
Earthquake-induced ground subsidence
 It occurs in various ways during earthquake like sinking, settling, downward
displacement of rocks, sediments, and other ground surface materials.
 Movement that occurs along faults can be as a result horizontal or vertical or
have a component of a large area of land can subside drastically during an
earthquake.
t
s
u
n
a
m
i
Tsunami is also known as
seismic sea wave is a series of
waves in a water body caused
by the displacement of a large
volume of water, generally in an
ocean
or
a
large
lake.
Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions
and other underwater explosions
(including
detonations
of
nuclear devices), landslides,
glacier cravings and other
disturbances above or below
water all have the potential to
generate a tsunami.
landslide
Landslides are frequently triggered by strong ground motions. They are important
secondary earthquake hazard. The term landslide includes a wide range of ground
movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows. Strong
earthquake-induced ground shaking greatly increases the likelihood of landslides
where the landscape is susceptible to these types of ground failure.
Family emergency plan
Group task activity
Group 1 – Make one or two stanzas of a song that shows your earthquake
preparedness.
Group 2 – Make a poem about an earthquake and relate it to your everyday life.
Group 3 – Make a sketch/draw an actual scenario of an earthquake in a school
setting.
Group 4 – Make an earthquake dance cover in the tune of Tala
application
What do you think is the significance of
understanding the potential earthquake hazard
to everyday life?
generalization
1.
What is earthquake hazard?
2. How would you describe the various potential earthquake
hazards?
3. What are the possible effects of earthquake hazards to
humans, property, and the environment?
4. How would you describe the various potential earthquake
hazards?
5. How will you get ready for the possibility of an earthquake?
6. What are the important things you consider in making an
emergency evacuation plan?
evaluation
Multiple choices. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which among the following is described as the lowering of the ground surface, often during earthquakes?
a. Tsunami
b. Earthquake-induced Landslide
c. Liquefaction
d. Subsidence
2. Among the following, which best describe liquefaction?
a. A phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading
b. An offset of the ground surface when fault ruptures
c. An intense shaking of the ground
d. All of the above
3. Vertical offsets: dip-slip and Strike-slip: _____________.
a. Lateral offsets
b. Horizontal offsets
c. Transverse offsets
d. Diagonal offsets
4. Also known as seismic wave.
a. Tsunami
b. Storm surge
c. Tidal wave
d. None of the above
5. What does PHIVOLCS stands for?
a. Philippine Volcanology and Seismology Service
b. Philippine Volcanology and Seismology Society
c. Philippine Volcanology and Seismology
d. All of the above.
evaluation
II. Enumerate the six earthquake hazards
and state its possible effects.
assignment
Make a map of the Philippines and identify the
faults according to PHIVOLCS.
(Due next meeting)