What is the difference between invasive and native species?
Invasive and native species are terms used to describe the origin and habitat of
different species. A native species is one that evolved and usually thrives in its native
environment, and is naturally found there. In contrast, an invasive species is a nonnative species that has been introduced to a new environment and has the potential
to cause harm to the native species or environment. When an exotic species is
introduced to a new area, it can spread and dominate, displacing native species and
altering the ecosystem.
Invasive species are often introduced as a result of human activity, such as
intentional or accidental introductions through transport and trade routes. Invasive
species can have significant ecological, economic, and social impacts on the
environment, including habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and ecosystem
function changes. They can also have significant economic impacts on industries,
including agriculture and forestry.
In contrast, native species are adapted to their natural environment and play an
essential role in maintaining ecosystems' health and function. They contribute to
various ecosystem services, including pollination, nutrient cycling, and seed
dispersal, among others. The conservation and sustainable management of native
species are essential for ecosystem health and biodiversity preservation.
References:
1. Global Invasive Species Database. https://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/
2. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/invasive-species/
3. Salgado, J. A. (2012). Invasive Species Program in Mexico. In Invasive Species (pp. 931). Springer, Dordrecht.