Brain Function
ATOD Lesson 3: Grade 8
Essential Unit Question:
Why should students abstain from
using alcohol, tobacco, and other
drugs?
Key Lesson Questions:
How do ATOD affect the brain?
What is addiction?
1
Quick Warm Up
Turn & Talk
1. What effects do substance use and abuse
have on learning?
Using drugs can harm learning because…
2
Key Terms
➔Axon
➔ Brain stem
➔ Cell body
➔Cerebellum
➔ Cerebrum
➔ Dendrites
➔ Frontal lobe
➔Neuron
➔Neurotransmitter
➔Occipital lobe
➔Parietal lobe
➔Receptors
➔Synapse
➔Temporal lobe
3
The Brain
●
Command center
●
Controls everything – simple to complex
●
Learning is a process of taking in information and
connecting it to other information and memories.
●
The processing of information is how a person forms
facts and behaviors.
4
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Cerebellum
Temporal Lobe
Brain Stem
5
Your Brain is You
6
4 Parts of the Cerebrum
(largest part of your Brain)
and their Function
❑
Temporal Lobe – located on the sides of the head above the ears;
used for memory, learning, hearing
❑
Frontal Lobe – located under the forehead; used for decision
making, problem solving, and planning.
❑
Parietal Lobe – located at the top of the head; processes the five
senses and emotions.
❑
Occipital Lobe - located at the back of the head; used for reading
and vision
7
Parts of the Brain and their
Function
❑
Brain Stem – located at the base of the brain,
connecting the brain and spinal cord. Controls
involuntary, life maintaining actions such as heart
rate, breathing, sleeping, walking, digestion, and
body temperature
❑
Cerebellum – located between the brainstem and
the back of the cerebrum. Controls balance,
posture, movement, and coordination
8
How Does Alcohol Affect the
Teenage Brain?
9
The Neuron:
We have almost 100 billion neurons in
our brain.
10
Anatomy of the Neuron
❏ Cell body (soma) – central structure that directs all cell
activity of the neuron.
❏ Axon – a long, wire-like extension from the cell body of
the neuron which sends messages by way of
neurotransmitters to other neurons.
❏ Dendrites – branch-like extensions from the cell body
of a neuron which receive messages from another
neuron.
❏ Synapse – a space through which a nerve impulse is
transmitted from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite
of another.
11
During Neurotransmission…
●
Axon – message
pathway where the
electrical impulse travel
in the neuron
●
Neurotransmitters - the
chemical released across
the synapse that carries
the information from
neuron to neuron across
the synapse
●
Receptors - molecules on
the dendrite receive the
neurotransmitter
12
How Opioids Affect
Neurotransmission
13
Opioids worth it?
Think about it…
Should opioids be allowed for certain
age groups?
or
Should opioids be banned
completely?
or
Should there be harsher penalties for
Opioid misuse??
14
Anyone Can Become Addicted to Drugs
●
Anyone Can Become Addicted to Drugs
Video – YouTube video clip (2 min)
15
Reflect
Write a letter to yourself about
three important reasons to abstain
from using alcohol, tobacco, and
other drugs/substances.
16