Name: Muhammad Usman
ICT-104
Question no. 01
Answer:
A computing method in which many services are provided via an internet connection.
In cloud computing, a limited number of resources are used, such as servers,
databases, networking, and software for data storage. Cloud-based storage enables
the data to be kept in a remote database as opposed to being kept on a particular
hard drive or type of hard disc. A computer or other electrical expedient can access
the website as well as the information and programs needed to run it. The
advantages of cloud computing for companies include cost savings, increased
productivity, rapid and effective work performance, and security.
Service Model of Cloud Computing:
. ..
Software as a service (SaaS)
“It makes the applications available online for users to obtain while hosting them.
Businesses who use SAAS don't have to purchase or install any software on their
existing Technological platforms. SAAS guarantees that consumers constantly have
the most latest software versions installed. The Supplier is in charge of repair and
support.
. ..
.
Platform as a service (PaaS)
It provides a means for the creation and distribution of web programmes, allowing
developers entry to the most recent technologies. The PAAS framework can be used
by developers to create engaging applications. The business or cloud software
operator maintains the architecture, storage, and networking while the programmers
take care of the programmes.
. ..
.
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
Businesses that are unable to operate their own on-site data centres use it. IAAS
provides virtual resources over the internet. The servers, storing, and network
servers are housed by the IAAS cloud provider, as well as the host or virtual servers,
whose are effective method in an on-site network infrastructure.
Cloud Deployment Model Types:
You can select from a range of deployment models relying upon the amount of
information you want to keep and who will have use of the Infrastructure. It functions
as the virtualized computing environment. The forms of cloud deployment also affect
the links in between system and your clients.
Types of deployment Cloud Networking:

Public, Private And Community Cloud
PUBLIC CLOUD
That text speaks its own; it is open to the public. Deploying options for the public
cloud are excellent for enterprises with unpredictable and rising demand. It's also a
great solution for firms with less security concerns. Therefore, you engage a provider
of cloud computing for internet-based storage, simulated computing, and networking
services. Additionally, it is an effective delivery mechanism for teams that work on
development and testing. It is Prefer for compatibility issues because of its rapid and
simple configuration and deployment. IBM Cloud, Amazone Web Services, google
Cloud networking are the perfect examples of public Cloud.
PRIVATE CLOUD
Businesses who want to drive down costs and gain greater access to their
information and resources can go for the private cloud. It suggests that it will be
controlled by your IT team and integrated into your network architecture. You can
also elect to host it somewhere else. The private cloud offers more options to satisfy
the needs of some businesses for customization. Furthermore, it's a wise choice for
systems those are mission-critical and could face recurring demand changes. AWS,
HPE, GOOGLE PRIVAITE CLOUD, AZURE and DELL are the examples of Private
Cloud.
COMMUNITY CLOUD
Similar to how the public cloud runs, similarly the cloud service. There is only one
difference: it only permits access to a particular group of users who have common
goal and just use cases. Internally or through a third-party provider, this form of cloud
computing line of work is managed and hosted. You may, however, select a blend of
all three.
Question no. 02
Answer:
Here we have certain reasons or factors for why the big data for large retail store
with many branches in austraila have problems.
In this particular case we’ve two to three major problems.
1. Mixed-up or Non-Classified Data.
When the data is being generated by the retailer and not classified or organized in
an appropriate manner then it could be an mixedup or unclassified data. Due to this
it is possible to have so many mistakes in thye data set colud be duplication or
redundant in the data that is need to be removed. It’s prefer to thye retailer to keep
the different data into different types or catagories so that the chances of errors
colud be less or eleminated.
2. Problems With Data Handling And Comprehension:
By having less knowlwdge about the data types and how to handlke or organized it,
it’s a big problem for businesses, or specially for retailer store as it have no experties
and knowledge about this type of data handlig.
3. As a result, the outputs and data quality are flawed.
As we already discuss lacking of data knowledge and data handling have ability to
procure and seize the required information
Question no. 03
Answer:
Switch and router are the two main elements or components of a network. As usual
both the switch and router are the connectig devices of network and most of the time
individuals consider them as same they are, but both have different functionality.
Lets expalin the Switch first.
SWITCH
It’s a type of device of networking that helps to facilitate to share the resources and
information by the connection of different networking devices such as PCs, Printers
and some servers in a small organizations. By the switch the devices which are
connectyed with each others can share facts and figures and converse with one
another. We are unable to build a small business network without this device and
can’t connect the devices with the building or a campus.
Unmanaged switches and managed Switches are the two main types of Switch.
ROUTER
It’s also an device which is used to connect the several switchs and its relating
newtworks to fiorm a huge network. The locations of these switchs cloud be same or
different. Router is a smart gadget and liable for routing the data packages from the
source to the set location over a network frame. It also distributes the the internet
connection through the modem device to all other networking devices. These might
be wired or wireless such as mobiles, laptops or computers. Wireless router,
Broadband router are the main types of router.
Question no. 04
Answer:
The terms ‘Data warehouse’, ‘Data Mart’ and ‘Data lake’ are often used as the same
or interchangbly, but in reality these are different from each others. Let’s expalin
them one by one.
Data Warehouse:
In a database system, only structured or designed data is normally retained. A data
warehouse is created for a wide range of use cases and has several features. It
doesn't take into account the specifics of the requirement originating from a specific
division or function. Let's use the finance division of a business as an example. To
assist management when making decisions, they are only interested in a small
variety of metrics, such as revenues, expenses, and revenues. Other indicators
would be of greater relevance to Branding & Selling. Regardless of the similarities,
there may still be variances in the definitions.
Data Mart:
In contrast to a data warehouse, which serves as a versatile repository for many use
cases, a data-mart is a segment of the data warehouse that's been designed and
built specifically for a certain division or business function.
There are benefits to using a data-mart alone, including:
Benefits:

You can remain confident that there is no physical chance of undesired data
access (business statements, revenue data), as the data-mart only holds data
related to that department.

The productivity load is similarly regulated and communicated within each
department because every data-mart is solely utilized for that area, limiting
any affect on other statistical workloads.
“Dependent Data Mart, Independent Data Mart And Hybrid Data Mart are the main
types of Data Mart.”
Data Lake:
Users upload a variety of data into a datacenter, such as formatted data sets, chat
logs, messages, photographs (of check, payments, and receipts, for example), and
videos. For instance, because no facts are excluded throughout the data collection
procedures, information on rejected, returned, and declined funds can also be
acquired.
A data lake is important in two cases: first, there are many prospects to study
insights to enhance operations if your company is large and the offering offers a
broad range of services. Like a consequence, you require an economical way for
storing vast amounts of different types of data.
The data will be used someday, even though you don't currently have a particular
plan for how to use it. So you gather information first, then you analyse it.
Question no. 05
Answer:
E-Commerce:
It includes putting out business activity and online transactions. It includes online
transactions such as goods selling and buying and money transfers. E-commerce
takes place on the internet. E-commerce needs applications and sites (apps). This
mostly has connections to end processes of flow means that are connected to end
customers.
Online retaile stores like Amazone, flipkart, alibaba,paytm mall and Ebooks are the
examples of E-Commerce.
E-Commerce Activities Included:

Online purchasing and selling of Goods/products.

booking online tickets.

Payments of transactions online.

Payment of different texas

online customers’ satisfaction
E-Business:
It refers to carrying out commercial processes in a digital manner. It covers digital
functions including purchasing and selling goods, providing customer service,
managing supplies, and buying other things like raw materials. Online, firewall, and
web are all used in e-business. E-business entails putting sites, applications, ERP,
CRM, and other technologies into use.
Examples of e-business include the e-commerce sector and its numerous internal
business processes, sale and advertising sites, internet sites for both hardware and
software providers, etc.
E-Business Activities Included:

setup of an e-retailer

Customer Knowledge.

Purchasing & Selling of products

SCM (Supply Chain Management)
Catagories of E-Commerce:
Here are some main Types or Catagories of E-Commerce.
Let them explain one by one.
Business.to.Business.(B2B)
All electronic mechanisms of exchanging goods and services between businesses
are referred to as "business-to-business" (B2B) e-commerce. Companies and
conventional middlemen are the main users of this sort of internet trade.
Business.to.Consumer.(B2C)
The term buysiness to consumer e-commerce refers to digital means of goods and
services between the business and the Customers as well. It relates to the retaile
store ofe-commerce where traditional trade is normally run or operates.
Consumer.to.Business.(C2B)
The meaning of the word "customer" in business is very different from the traditional
definition of "goods." This kind is particularly typical of projects that rely on public.
For other businesses looking for these kinds of items and services, many people
make their offerings and services allowed for purchasing
Consumer.to.Consumer.(C2C)
All electronic exchanges of products and services between customers are referred to
by the term "consumer to consumer." Normally, these transactions are carried out by
a third party who offers an internet platform where they can be completed.