AGSC 334
Equine Science
Breeds of Horses
8894
TEKS: 119.66 (C)(2)(B)
Topic Goal:
The student shall be provided with the opportunity to evaluate and select horses as means of
analyzing equine science as it relates to the selection of horses.
Topic Objectives:
After completing the topic, the student will be able to:
1.
Identify classes, breeds, and types of horses
2.
Discuss origins, descriptions, and uses of breeds of horses
3.
Locate addresses of horse breed registries
Class Notes
The many uses of horses have brought about the great ______________ of types existing today.
Large, heavily muscled horses were bred to produce __________ horses. Refined, longer legged
horses were bred for ___________, and various ___________ were developed for ease of riding
or pulling. All have influenced the development of the present-day horse.
CLASSES, BREEDS, AND TYPES OF HORSES
A ___________ is defined as a group of horses having a common _____________ or possessing
certain well-fixed, ____________________, _________________ ____________________
characteristics that are not common to other _____________. Certain breeds are better adapted
for specific ________________. There are many ______________ and ________________
types of horse breeds. There are four types of horses. The first is the _____________ horse. It
includes saddle, ______________, stock polo, ______________ and jumpers, and
_____________. Second is the __________ horse which includes ______________ horses such
as _______________________ and ______________ horses and ______________ horses such
as ________________ and _____________. ______________ horses include heavy and fine
harness, _________________, and _____________. Lastly, there is the __________ horse which
includes ___________, ___________, and ___________________ horses. Height is measured in
___________. The measurement is taken from the top of the ______________ to the
_____________. A hand measures __________ inches Generally, depending on __________,
___________, and ________, horses may be classified as ___________ horses, _____________,
___________________, or ___________ horses.
LIGHT HORSES
Light Horse Breeds include the following:
_______________________________
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________________________
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Pinto
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American Saddlebred Horse
_______________________________
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_______
●
_____________________________
●
●
_________________________
_______________________________
●
______________________________
●
Morgan
●
●
____________________________
Standardbred
Thoroughbred
Light horses stand __________ to _______ hands, weigh ________________ pounds and are
primarily used for _____________, ______________, and _____________.
American Paint Horse
The American Paint Horse originated in the _______________________ and is __________ to
__________ hands. Its primary uses are for ___________, pleasure, __________, or racing. It
can be ___________ with any other color. There are three distinct ________________. These
are ___________, ______________, and _____________. Overo is when the pattern is
predominantly ___________ or __________ with _______ ___________ crossing the back
between the ______________ and the __________. Usually, ________ or ________ of the
__________ are __________ and the __________ is ________ color. A paint with a
______________ pattern is either predominantly white or dark with ___________ being
________________, ___________, or __________ patterns which extend down over the
__________ and ___________. All four legs are generally ___________ and the __________ is
usually ________ colors. A _____________ paint is one with dark ______________________
around the __________ and ___________. The chest and flank spots vary in size and one or both
__________ are __________.
American Saddlebred Horse
The American Saddlebred Horse originated in ________________. It can be ________, brown,
________________, gray, ___________ or golden in color and stand _______ to _______
hands. Three gaited horses show at the __________, trot, and _____________. Five gaited
horses also show at the slow gait as well as the rack. They are used for three and five gaited
horses, ________________, stock, and __________ ______________.
Appaloosa
The Appaloosa originated in ___________, _____________, and ___________________ and is
a descendent of horses originated in ______________ __________ and was first bred in North
America by the ________ ___________ Indians. They are a _________________ and
combination of ___________ and _____________. There are four distinguishable characteristics
used to identify Appaloosas. They include __________ pattern, ______________ skin (speckled
and blotchy pattern of pigmented and non-pigmented skin) white _____________ (area of the
eye which encircles the iris) and ______________ hooves. They stand _______ to __________
hands and are generally used for stock, pleasure, __________, parade, ______________, and
______________.
Arabian
The Arabian originated in ___________ _____________. They are mostly ________, gray, or
________________, but some white and black can be found. ___________ marks on the
__________ and __________ are common. They stand __________ to __________ hands and
have a __________ face which is one of its most __________________________ characteristics.
It is used for _____________, show, stock, pleasure, _____________, endurance racing, and
competitive ___________ rides.
Morgan
Morgans originated in ______________ and are commonly ________, brown or
________________; however, some ___________, palomino, ________________, or grays may
be found. They stand __________ to _______ hands. They are noted for their ______________,
docility, _____________, courage, and _________________ and are generally used as
_____________, stock, or ______________ horses.
Palomino
The Palomino originated in the _____________ _____________ and is from Spanish descent.
They are _____________ in color with a ___________ colored __________ and __________
with no more than ________ dark or chestnut hair in either. They stand __________ to _______
hands. The type of Palomino desired depends entirely on the intended use. They are commonly
used for ______________, stock, pleasure, _____________, and fine harness.
Pinto
The Pinto originated in the _____________ _____________ and is the descendent of horses
brought to North America by ______________ conquistadors. They are ___________ with any
other color. The ______________ and ___________ pattern are common. It is a ___________
breed rather than a __________ breed. It is used for ______________, polo mounts,
_____________, saddle, and ___________.
Quarter Horse
Quarter horses originated in the _____________ _____________, primarily in the southwestern
states of ___________, ________________, ________ _____________, Colorado, and
_____________. They can be gray, black, ________, sorrel, chestnut, ___________, buckskin,
palomino, ________, grullo, red dun, __________ roan, or ________ roan. They stand _______
to _______ hands and are well ______________ and ___________________ built. They are
considered to be one of the most _________________ breeds. They were one of the first breeds
native to the United States and are commonly used as ___________ horses, race horses,
________________ horses, or ______________ and jumpers.
Standardbred
Standardbreds originated in the _____________ _____________ and are often ________,
brown, or ___________, but some _________________, grays, ___________, and duns exist.
They stand _______ to _______ hands and were developed primarily for ______________
racing. It is important for standardbreds to have a pleasing ______________________, an
abundance of style, and ______________. They are still used for harness racing but additionally
________________, pacing, and __________.
Tennessee Walking Horse
The Tennessee Walking Horse originated in _________________. They can be _____________,
chestnut, __________, black, white, _____________, gray, bay, or ___________. They stand
__________ to _______ hands and have three easy riding gaits. These include the
_________________ walk, the ______________ walk, and the _____________. All of these are
______________, inherited characteristics and are used as ________________ horses, plantation
walking horses, and __________ horses.
Thoroughbred
The Thoroughbred originated in ______________ and was developed as a ______________
horse which stands _______ to __________ hands. They can be ________, brown, chestnut,
_____________, black, or __________ and commonly have ___________ markings on the
__________ and __________. Their conformation emphasizes factors contributing to
_____________ and _____________. They are primarily used for racing horses, _____________
horses, hunting, ______________, and polo mounts.
PONIES
Breeds of ponies include:
●
Pony of the Americas
●
_______________________________
●
●
____________
________________________________
Welsh Pony
Ponies stand under __________ hands high and weigh less than ________ pounds.
Miniature Horse
The Miniature Horse originated in ______________ and can be any ___________, have any
marking ______________, and have any ________ color. They can be no more than _______
inches tall and are primarily used as __________ or for show. They were first used to pull
________ carts in _________________.
Pony of the Americas
The Pony of the Americas originated in Mason City, __________. They are very similar to the
_________________ making several _____________ and ________________ acceptable. They
stand _______ to _______ inches and have a conformation between a ______________ Horse
and an ______________. They are commonly used by ______________ who have outgrown
________________ ponies but are not ready for a horse.
Shetland Pony
Shetland Ponies originated in the ________________ ___________ and can be any
___________, solid, or ___________. There are two height classes: ___________ _______
inches and _______ to _______ inches. They develop long _____________ outer coats during
the ___________r months and have full ___________ and ___________. Shetlands are one of
the _____________ breeds in existence and are used mainly by ________________ but also for
harness, _____________, and roadster.
Welsh Pony
The Welsh Pony originated in ___________ and is usually gray, __________, black,
___________, bay or ________________. Some creams, whites, and __________ exist. There
are two _____________ divisions. “_____” Division cannot exceed __________ hands and
weigh __________ than ________ pounds. “_____” Division is __________ 12-2 hands but no
more than __________ hands. They weight between ______________ pounds. They are
commonly used by ________________, but also for harness racing, ___________ riding, and
______________.
WARMBLOODS
Breeds of Warmblood Horses include:
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American Warmblood
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__
______________________________
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________________________________
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Trakehner
Warm blood horse stand __________ to _______ hands and weigh __________ to __________
pounds. They are primarily used for ________________ competitions such as dressage, driving,
hunting, jumping, or three-day eventing. They are a combination of “________ blooded” horses
such as ________________ or _______________________ crossed with “__________ blooded”
horses like ___________ horses. Most warmblood ___________________ do ________ have
_____________ studbooks. _________________ are the official record of the
________________ or ________________ or purebreds. No ______________ blood is allowed
to enter into the __________ pool.
American Warmblood
The American Warmblood originated in the _____________ _____________. They can be any
___________ but should preferably have ________ ___________ markings. They range from
_______ to _______ hands in height. American Warmbloods can be used for
________________, driving, jumping, and _________________ events.
Hanoverian
Hanoverians originated in ______________ and are ___________ in color with __________,
chestnuts, and ___________ being common. _________________ amounts of ___________ are
________ desired. They stand _______ to _______ hands and are considered to be a
___________ horse with ____________________ temperaments. They have ______________
gaits and have outstanding ability in international equestrian disciplines. Hanoverians are used
for dressage, ______________, ______________, and three-day events.
Holsteiner
The Holsteiner originated in the province of Schleswig-Holstein in Northern ______________.
They are ________ in color with a preference for _______ or ________ ___________ markings
and stand _______ to _______ hands. The Holsteiner is known for its ______________ and
______________ temperament with good character and an eagerness to __________. It is also
noted for carrying its __________ in a beautiful __________ and for its excellent
______________ ability. Common uses include: ________________, driving, jumping, and
_________________ eventing.
Trakehner
The Trakehner originated in _________________, East ______________. They are
___________ colors ______________ excessive ___________ markings and stand __________
to __________ hands. They were originally developed for the Prussian __________ and are
known for their “________________ trot”, excellent ______________, and excelling in
________________. They were introduced to North America in __________ and are commonly
used for dressage, jumping, ______________, and three-day events.
DRAFT HORSES
Breeds of Draft Horses include:
●
_________________________
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Percheron
●
________________________________
●
____________________
Draft horses stand __________ to _______ hands and weigh __________ than __________
pounds. They are primarily used for heavy __________ and ___________________ purposes.
Belgian
True to its name, the Belgian originated in ______________. They are typically
________________ or _____________ but there are some ___________ and __________.
Belgians stand __________ to _______ hands and are known for their ___________________.
They are also the widest, ______________, most compact ______________ and lowest
________ of the draft breeds. They are the most numerous of the draft breeds and are
_____________, quiet, and _____________. Belgians are commonly used for
___________________, special attractions, and __________ work.
Clydesdale
Clydesdales originated in ________________ and are usually ________, but some may be black,
___________, chestnut, or __________. They have __________ white ___________ and a welldefined ___________ or __________ face. They are a _____________ draft breed standing
__________ to _______ hands. Clydesdales have superior style and action and feature heavy
___________________ of the feet. Feathering is the _____________ of hair around the foot just
above the __________. Common uses are for ___________________, special attractions, and
__________ work.
Percheron
Percherons originated in _____________ and are most commonly ___________ or __________.
Some may be ________________ or roan, however. They are an ______________________
draft breed being between a Clydesdale and a Belgian and stand __________ to __________
hands. They are extremely _____________ and have a _________________ head. Percherons
are used for ___________________ purposes, special ____________________, and farm work.
They are mated with _______________________ in order to produce ______________ and
______________.
Shire – Draft
Shires originated in ______________ and are typically ___________, __________, or
chestnut/sorrel in color. Excessive ___________ markings and any __________ coloring are
____________________. They are ___________, are matched in weight only by the
______________ and stand __________ to __________ hands. Shires were used as ________
horses in the __________ and __________ centuries but today are used for
___________________ purposes, special attractions, and __________ work.
SUMMARY
A ___________ is defined as a group of horses having a common _____________ or possessing
certain ___________________, distinctive, uniformly transmitted characteristics that are not
common to other horses. Horses can be classified as ___________ horses, _____________,
_________________ horses, or ___________ horses. Knowing the breeds of horses can help one
choose a horse for an intended use.