Behavior-Based Safety:
PAST, PRESENT & FUTURE
Keynote Speech
BehavioralSafetyNow 09 Conference
Jacksonville, Florida, Oct.
Dr Dominic Cooper C.Psychol CFIOSH
B-Safe Management Solutions, Inc
6648 East State Road 44
Franklin, IN ,46131
+1 (317) 736 8980
www.behavioral-safety.com
info@bsms-inc.com
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
BBS History
• 1960’s – 1st formal study – Posters = Behavior Change
– Fortune 500 companies begin use of behavioral
principles with Quality, Productivity
•
•
•
•
1970’s – Robust academic studies = Fledgling BBS movement
1980’s – US Academe & Commercialization = BBS providers
1990’s – BBS spreads to entire English speaking world
2000 plus – BBS spreads to become worldwide phenomena
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
Three Traditions = BBS
Safety
(Systems)
BBS
Psychology
(People)
Management
(Culture)
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
What is BBS?
Academic
the application of behavioral research on human performance to
the problems of safety in the workplace.
Vs.
Practical
'A process that creates a safety partnership between management
and the workforce by continually focusing everyone's attention
and actions on their own, and others, safety behavior'.
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
BBS Process Models
Top-down
Bottom-up
Employee-led with
management
providing resources.
Supervisors are trained in
the method, which they
then apply to ‘hourly’
employees.
BBS
Safety partnership between
Management and Employees.
Cultural
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
People monitor their
own behavior
Self -Managed
The Technology - What does the past tell us?
1968 – Applied Behavioral Analysis = Self-examining, self-evaluating, discoveryorientated procedure for identifying and changing behavior.
Antecedents
•
•
•
•
•
Policies
Planning
Materials
Equipment
Manpower
Can become..
Trigger
Behaviors
Everything we
do or don’t do
Trigger
Maintain
Consequences
• Feedback
 Job Progress
 Rewards
 Incidents
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The BBS Process - What does the past tell us?
1970’s to present
[1] Select the behavior of concern
[2] Define it
[3] Develop a valid, reliable measurement system to monitor change
[4] Arrange for the reinforcement of the behavior when it is performed
1980’s to present
[5] Establish baseline of current performance
[6] Set improvement targets or goals on basis of baseline score
[7] Analyze the observation data to identify barriers
1990’s to present
[8] Track the progress of corrective actions
[9] Inclusion of managerial Safety Leadership
Future
[10] Extend to behaviors that cover entire incident causation chain
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The BBS Process - What does the past tell us?
Three practical considerations for Industry:
• The importance of the behaviours to be changed
= target the 20% of behaviours causing 80% of the problem
6.The exact procedures that contribute to change
= Observation / Coaching / Feedback / Targets, KPI’s, etc
9.The BBS procedures supporting change
= Collating, Trending and Analyzing the data
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The Importance Of The Behaviours To Be Changed
Specific
Vs.
General
The more specific the behaviors the bigger the impact!
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The BBS Procedures Actually Contributing To Change
Observation Focus
Most Effective
Focus by Setting
Most Effective
Contact rate
Most Effective
Number of Feedback Channels
Most Effective
Technology X Process = Incident Reduction
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The BBS Procedures Supporting Change
Data Analysis
Create Tabulated Feedback Reports
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
Check Impact on Injuries
Corrective Action Tracking
The Future of BBS
Back to the Past
 Widespread Use of Very Specific Behaviors
 Monitoring of Workgroups or Individuals by Type of Setting
 Increased Contact Rates
Into the Future
 Better Use of Data




Use of More Feedback Channels
Extend to other areas (e.g. Environment) to improve RoI
Integrate BBS into Mainstream SMS
Standardized Benchmarking
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The Future of BBS - Integrate BBS into Mainstream SMS
Extend BBS process to cover entire accident causation chain –
i.e. CEO to workgroups
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
The Future of BBS - Standardized BBS Benchmarking
Widespread use of BBS Maturity Ladder to
Benchmark against best practice
© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved
Have Questions?
Contact us
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© 1992-2009 B-Safe Management Solutions Inc. Franklin, IN, USA. All Rights Reserved