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Function
Function refers to the role a standard plays in the creation and storage of
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metadata. Some functions define the basic entities to be described, others define
specific fields, others give guidance on how to record a specific data element, and
still others define concrete data structures for the storage of information.
Conceptual Models provide a high-level approach to resource description
i-W
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AGLS, DC, MPEG-7, QDC, TEI, XMP
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Record
Format
KML,
NewsML
in a certain domain. They typically define the entities of description and their
relationship to one another. Metadata structure standards typically use
terminology found in conceptual model in their domain.
Sem
Content Standards provide specific guidance on the creation of data
i-S
for certain fields or metadata elements, sometimes defining what the source
of a given data element should be. They may or may not be designed for
use with a specific metadata structure standard.
tro
ng
AES Core Audio,
MIX, SGML, TextMD,
XML
CIDOC/CRM,
OAI-ORE,
RDA, Topic
Maps
Framework/Technology here is a general term encompassing
models and protocols for the encoding and/or transmission of
information, regardless of its specific format.
Markup Languages are formats that allow the featuring of
specific aspects of a resource, typically in XML. They are unlike
other "metadata" formats in that they provide not a surrogate for
or other representation of a resource, but rather an enhanced
version of the full resource itself.
Record Formats are specific encodings for a set of data
elements. Many structure standards are defined together with
a record format that implements them.
Structure Standards are those that define at a
DIF,
FGDC/CSDGM,
GML, ISO
19115, PB Core,
SCORM, XMP
indecs, METS
Rights, ODRL, XrML
Metadata
Wrappers
Preservation
Metadata
DIG35, ID3, PB Core,
PRISM, RDF, SGML,
SPECTRUM, XML
AACR2, AGLS, APPM, Atom,
CanCore, CDWA, CDWA Lite,
CIDOC/CRM, DACS, DC, DIF, EAD, EML, IEEE/LOM,
ISAD(G), ISBD, MARC, MARCXML, MO, MODS,
MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat, NewsML, ONIX, QDC,
RAD, RDA, RSS, SWAP, TEI, VRA Core
Structural
Metadata
MEI, METS,
MusicXML, MXF,
RDF, SGML, XML
EAD,
FGDC/CSDGM, ISO
19115, MPEG-7, TEI,
Topic Maps, XMP
g
ron
t
S
i-
Rights
Metadata
FGDC/CSDGM, ISO 19115, MPEG-7,
OAI-PMH, SCORM, XMP
conceptual level the data elements applicable for a certain
purpose or for a certain type of material. These may be
defined anew or borrowed from other standards. This
category includes formal data dictionaries. Structure
standards do not necessarily define specific record formats.
Structure
Standard
ADL, AES Process
History, DIG35, ID3,
MPEG-7, MXF, RDF,
SGML, VSO Data Model,
XML
ADL, OAI-ORE
ng
o
r
St
stated patterns) lists of allowable values for elements for a specific use or
domain. Classification schemes that use codes for values are included
here.
Technical Metadata
AES Core Audio, MIX,
TextMD
AES
Process
History,
OAIS,
PREMIS
Controlled Vocabularies are enumerated (either fully or by
Atom, ISAAR(CPF),
ISBD, RSS, VSO Data
Model
ADL, AES Core Audio, AES Process
History, CDWA Lite, DIF, DIG35, DwC,
EAC-CPF, EAD, EML, FGDC/CSDGM,
Str
ong
GEM, GILS, GML, ID3, IEEE/LOM, ISO
CanCore, EAD,
ISAD(G), SKOS
19115, KML, MADS, MARC, MARCXML,
MathML, MEI, METS, METS Rights, MIX,
ADL, AES Core Audio,
MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat,
AES Process History, AGLS,
MusicXML, MXF, ODRL, ONIX, PB
CDWA, CDWA Lite, DC, DIF,
Core, PREMIS, PRISM,
DIG35, DwC, EAC-CPF, EML,
SCORM, SMIL, TextMD, VRA
FGDC/CSDGM, FOAF, GEM, GILS, GML,
Core, XrML
ID3, IEEE/LOM, ISO 19115, KML, MADS,
MARC, MARCXML, MathML, METS, METS Rights,
MIX, MO, MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL, MPEG-7,
MuseumDat, MXF, NewsML, ODRL, ONIX, Ontology for
Media Resource, PB Core, PREMIS, PRISM, QDC,
SCORM, SPECTRUM, SWAP, TextMD, VRA
Core, XMP, XOBIS, XrML
Atom, KML, MathML, RSS
OAIS
tial
A rc
VRA Core
sc
ip
s
cr
ta
es
De
hiv
A rc
es
m
D
eu
s
us
es
urc
eso
al R
t
Te x
M
Visu
rly
Cultural Objects
Technical Metadata
Str
uct
Rig
ura
hts
lM
Me
eta
dat
tad
a
a
spa
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
a
ola
s
at
Sch
um
ad
a
c
F
at
es
urc
eso xts
al R
Te s
Visu larly rial
o
e s
Sch
at ge
lM a
ca g Im
et
at
n
Re
o rd
orm
in
M
ad
Geo
Sem
SGML, XML
ov
e
et
f
m
or
io
at
OAI-PMH, SRU
SGML, XML
AACR2, AAT, AGLS, APPM,
BISAC, CanCore, CCO, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM,
DACS, DC, DCAM, DDC, DIF, DIG35, DwC, EAC-CPF, EAD, EML,
FGDC/CSDGM, FOAF, FRAD, FRBR, FRSAD, GEM, GILS, GML, ID3,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), ISBD, ISO 19115, LCC,
LCSH, Linked Data, MADS, MARC, MARC Relator Codes,
MARCXML, MESH, MO, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, OAI-PMH, ONIX, Ontology for Media
Resource, PB Core, PRISM, QDC, RAD, RDA,
Atom, OpenURL, RDF, RSS, SGML,
SCORM, Sears List of Subject Headings,
VSO Data Model, XML, XMP
SKOS, SPECTRUM, SRU, SWAP, TGM I,
METS,
TGM II, TGN, Topic Maps, ULAN,
MPEG-21
VRA Core, XOBIS,
DIDL, MXF,
Z39.50
SCORM
M
tiv
M
Technical Metadata
Structur
al Metad
P re s
ata
Ri erva
tion
gh
Met
ts
ada
M
ta
et
ad
at
a
si
rip
e
se
XML
Mu
sc
tiv
Mu
tial
s
er
pp ta
ra da
W ta
a e
at M
ad ive
et pt
M cri
s
De ta
Da
De
ip
L
Mu ibra
se ries
um
s
Co
d
ar
nd
ta
tS
en
nt
Co
en
nt
Co
ar
d
ar
nd
ta
tS
s
m
eu
ia
es
us
ter
ag
M
M
ola
ces
our ts
R e s r l y Te x l s
Ma
Im
es
urc
eso exts
al R
T
ly als
Visu
lar eri es
ho at g
Sc l M Ima
ca
si ving
o
Mu
ual
al
g
cr
a
Str
Con ong
nec
tion
The standards listed
closest to the center
of a sliver are those
that are most strongly
connected to the given
category.
spa
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
ives ry
h
c
Ar
st
u
d
In
n
io
t
ma
r
fo
In
TGN
s
hive
ADL, TEI, XMP
Sem
i
Con -Strong
nec
tion
Sch
sic
in
Dat
Geo
Atom, FOAF, OAI-ORE, RSS
EAD, EML,
DCAM,
GML,
DTD, Linked Data,
MathML,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
MEI,
OpenURL, RDF,
MusicRELAX NG, SGML,
XML,
AAT, BISAC, DDC,
SRU, Topic
TEI
LCC, LCSH, MARC
Maps, XML,
Relator Codes, MESH,
XML Schema,
Sears List of Subject
XPath,
Headings, TGM I, TGM II,
XQuery,
TGN, ULAN
XSLT,
AACR2, APPM,
Z39.50
CCO, DACS, RAD, RDA
Descriptive
Metadata
ov
es
at
MEI, MusicXML,
OAI-ORE, TEI
Mu
M
D
ad
Markup
Language
CIDOC/CRM, FRAD, FRBR, FRSAD,
indecs, OAIS, VSO Data Model
EML, MEI, MusicXML,
NewsML, SGML, XML
Vi s
Sch
Im
et
Sem
Con i-Weak
nec
tion
M
ISAAR(CPF), ISBD, RDF
TEI
s
hive
ry
st
u
d
In
A rc
e
The standards represented here are among those most heavily
used or publicized in the cultural heritage community, though
certainly not all standards that might be relevant are included.
A small subset of the standards plotted on the main
visualization also appear as highlights above the graphic. These
represent the most commonly known or discussed standards for
cultural heritage metadata.
n
tiv
Each of the 105 standards listed here is evaluated on its
strength of application to defined categories in each of four
axes: community, domain, function, and purpose. The strength
of a standard in a given category is determined by a mixture of
its adoption in that category, its design intent, and its overall
appropriateness for use in that category.
W
Con eak
nec
tio
ip
k
a
We
The sheer number of metadata standards in the cultural
heritage sector is overwhelming, and their inter-relationships
further complicate the situation. This visual map of the
metadata landscape is intended to assist planners with the
selection and implementation of metadata standards.
Strength of
Standard’s connection
indicated by
Font Size
&
Color
Saturation
Sliver
=
Category
A rc
Technical Metadata
S
Ri truc
tura
gh
lM
ts
eta
M
dat
et
a
ad
at
a
Atom, RSS,
SKOS
PRISM
tial
a
Cultural Objects
cr
AAT, ADL, DIF, ID3, ISAD(G), KML, MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, ODRL, RAD, SMIL, VSO Data Model, XMP, XRML
Summary and Purpose
r
spa
Dat ase ts
es
APPM, Atom, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM, DACS, DwC, EAC-CPF,
EAD, EML, FOAF, indecs, ISAAR(CPF), ISO 19115, Linked Data,
MPEG-21 DIDL, ONIX, RELAX NG, RSS, SKOS, Topic Maps, ULAN
Libraries
S
n
d
d
t
us
Geo
a rd
RDF
ry
D
ta
g
Technical Metadata
S
Rig t r u c t
ura
hts
lM
Me
eta
dat
tad
a
a
al
in
n
Font Size
=
Star’s strength for
given category
g
ov
io
c
F
o rd
orm
MPEG-21 DIDL, MXF
M
a
f
at
Semi-Strong connection
at
sic
at
In
m
or
Strong connection
ces
our s
R e s Te x t s
l
ual
ly
Vi s o l a r teria s
Sch Ma age
al
Im
ad
TEI
s
hive
try
s
du
In
A rc
Re
Mu
et
Data
sic
M
AES Core Audio, AES Process History, CanCore,
CCO, DC, DCAM, DTD, FGDC/CSDGM, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, MEI, METS Rights, OAI-ORE, PB
Core, QDC, RDF, SGML, TGN, XQuery
em
e
GML
ak
e
W
i
tiv
m
e
S
rip
a
i-
IEEE/LOM,
ISAD(G),
NewsML,
SKOS
f
m
or
io
at
In
t
us
m
n
In
s
c
In
at
a
LEGEND
ro
t
S
sc
In
ad
at
CDWA, MPEG-21
DIDL, VRA Core
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License
<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/>.
Stars represent those
standards that are used
most often.
ng
De
S
Rig tructur
al M
hts
etad
Me
ata
tad
ata
h
ives
In
r
fo
io
at
hive
SKOS
y
Stru
d
Stan
t u re
et
ad
ro
t
S
Museums
in
ag
A rc
Framework/
Technology
Controlled
Vocabulary
GEM, METS
Rights, QDC,
VRA Core
AGLS,
CanCore
tial
M
et
ng
DTD, OAI-PMH, VRA
Core, XML,
XMLSchema, XPath,
XQuery, XSLT
Mu
ter
Im
ard
e
M
AACR2, AGLS,
CQL, DDC, FRAD,
FRBR, FRSAD, GILS,
ISBD, LCC, LCSH,
MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML,
MESH, METS, MIX, MODS,
OAI-PMH, OAIS, OpenURL,
PREMIS, RDA, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
TextMD, TGM I, TGM II, VRA Core,
XML, XML Schema, XOBIS, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
AACR2, AES Core
Audio, AES Process
History, APPM,
CanCore, DACS,
DDC, DwC,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
FGDC/CSDGM,
FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G),
ISO 19115, KML, LCC,
LCSH, MADS, MARC
Relator Codes, MESH,
METS, METS Rights,
MPEG-7, ODRL, PB
Core, RAD, RDA,
RELAX NG, SMIL, SRU,
TEI, TextMD, XMP,
XOBIS, XrML, Z39.50
ov
Ma
g
s
o rd
tiv
a
u
Ind
tand
c
S
e
e
r
R uctu
r
S tTechnical
Metadata
t
on
QDC
try
at
rip
e
Inf
m
or
n
tio
ves
F
orm
spa
Dat
Da ta se ts a
Cultural Objects
sc
ral M
etad
ata
tad
ata
Conceptual Model
Atom, DC, DCAM,
FOAF, indecs,
Linked Data, MIX,
MODS, OAI-ORE,
OAIS, PREMIS,
QDC, RDF, RSS,
SGML, SKOS,
TGM I,
TGM II, Topic
Maps
M
al
ces
our
Res
s
ual
ial
es
sic
in
hi
A rc
C
ro
ll
Vo
ces
our
R e s Te x t s
s
ual
Vi s o l a r l y rial
te s
Ma age
Vi s
Mu
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
ed
tial
A rc
De
Me
tial
spa
Da
Da ta se ts t a
Cultural Objects
Geo
a
AAT, CCO, CDWA, CDWA Lite, CIDOC/CRM,
MuseumDat, SPECTRUM, TGN, ULAN`
Stru
e St
ctur
Geo
rd
anda
Technical Metadata
Rig Struct
ura
hts
l Me
Me
tad
ata
tad
ata
ry
at
Visual
Resources
NewsML, ODRL, PREMIS, RAD,
RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, SGML,
SKOS, SMIL, XMP, XOBIS,
XQuery, XrML
a
Community
AGLS, CanCore, CQL, DwC,
FRBR, LCSH, METS, MIX,
PREMIS, SRU
hts
spa
b
ca
a
ul
ad
Work funded by the Indiana University Libraries’
White Professional Development Award
at
and the commercial Web. Technologies that support inventory and knowledge management,
e-commerce, and the workings of the Internet are included here.
nM
eta
da
ta
ctu
Content Standard
Design: Devin Becker
ad
Information Industry refers to the diverse organizations that make up both the public
Information
Industry
RDA
et
Content: Jenn Riley
et
given field with an emphasis on their curation and interpretation. Art, science, natural
history, and many other types of museums are included here.
s
hive
M
DDC, FRBR,
LCC
CDWA, DC, GILS,
ISAD(G), ISBD, MARC,
MARCXML, MODS,
QDC, TEI, VRA Core
M
Museums refers to those organizations that collect and preserve artifacts from a
GILS, MEI, MESH,
OAI-PMH, SWAP, TEI
orm
at
AACR2, AES Core
Audio, CCO, DC,
EAC-CPF, EML,
IEEE/LOM, MIX, MODS,
NewsML, ODRL, ONIX, PB
Core, RAD, RDA,
TextMD, XrML
e
outputs of the daily work of individuals and other organizational entities,
including traditional records management processes. Their emphasis is frequently
on the context of the creation of the materials and their relationship to one another.
Stru
e
AGLS, APPM,
Atom, DACS,
EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), LCSH,
MARC,
MARCXML,
AACR2, CanCore,
OAI-ORE, RSS,
CIDOC/CRM, DCAM, GEM,
SCORM, Sears
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISBD, Linked Data,
List of Subject
MADS, MARC Relator Codes, METS
Headings, Topic
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
Maps
tiv
Archives refers to those organizations that collect and preserve the natural
ula
ry
tiv
ta
b
ca
rip
I
Rig
tiv
Scholarly
Texts
ip
k
tio
Geo
F
d
ard
r
d
n
o
a
t
c
Re ucture S
Str
ed
sc
da
r
nfo
t
ma
In
n
o
i
du
De
ta
at
on
ll
tro
Vo
ONIX
y
r
st
C
ts
Me
rip
AGLS, Atom,
BISAC, DACS, DCAM,
DDC, FRBR, indecs, LCC,
Linked Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, METS Rights, MODS,
PREMIS, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG,
RSS, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, XMP,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
MESH,
cr
We
a
ov
x
Te
ts
rm
Fo
A Visualization of the
Metadata Universe
es
k
Libraries refers to those organizations that collect and preserve
Arc
es
urc
eso xts
a l R y Te
Visu olarl ialss
er e
Sch
at ag
l M Im
ca ing
si
Mu Mov
ly
gh
sc
u
De
Ind
ion
lar
ag
CanCore,
EAC-CPF, EAD, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), MARCXML, ODRL,
Ontology for Media
Resource, SCORM, TGN,
AACR2,
Topic Maps
D
i-W
ea
or
Seeing Standards:
MathML, MIX
s
m
s
Inf
ho
al
Im
AACR2, DCAM, DDC,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked
Data, MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, OAI-PMH, OAIS,
ODRL, PREMIS, RAD, RDA, RDF,
RELAX NG, Sears List of Subject
Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL, SRU,
XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
Musical
Materials
t
Te x
FGDC/CSDGM, GEM, GML,
IEEE/LOM, indecs, ISO 19115,
OAI-ORE, QDC, SGML, VSO Data
Model
er
nM
eta
da
ta
rva
Sc
es
urc
eso xts
al R
Te s
Visu
ly ial
lar ter s
ho Ma e
Sc
ic
g
at
rly
Se
ng
pp
tio
se
Cultural Objects
Technical Metadata
a
in
In
m
for
ola
tro
or potentially use the standard. Those that originated a
standard or who are the primary audiences are stronger
matches, while those that could use the standard effectively but
do not frequently do so are weaker matches.
both primary and secondary material in support of research,
scholarship, teaching, and leisure. Academic, public, special, and
corporate libraries are included here.
i-S
PREMIS
Pre
ma
M
at
us
hts Struc
tura
Me
l Me
tad
tad
ata
ata
Sch
m
Community refers to the groups that currently
ra
Fo
ard
d
n
d
a
or
re St
u
t
c
c
Re Stru
a
Se
W
ces
our ts
R e s Te x
s
ual
Vi s
rly al
la eri s
ho at ge
a
Im
ad
ov
s
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
s try
h i v e Indus
c
r
A
n
tio
t
at
er
h
A rc
Technical Metadata
y
str
Ri
ad
pp
M
ra
lM
eta
dat
a
ives
c
et
Archives
a
rva
tial
M
et
W
L
OAI-PMH
Cultural Objects
Re
o rd
M
ADL, AES
Core Audio,
AES Process
History, Atom, BISAC,
DIF, DIG35, DTD, FOAF,
ID3, KML, Linked Data,
MathML, MO, MPEG-21 DIDL,
MPEG-7, MusicXML, MXF, NewsML,
St
ro
ng
OAIS, ODRL, ONIX, Ontology for Media
Resource, PRISM, RDF, RELAX NG, RSS,
SCORM, SKOS, SMIL, Topic Maps,
XML, XML Schema, XMP,
XPath, XQuery, XrML,
XSLT
DC, DCAM, EML,
at
Sc
M
ta
ura
M
uct
a
ibr
Rig
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
e
AGLS, APPM, Atom,
CIDOC/CRM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), MPEG-7, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps
ADL, AES Core Audio,
DC, DTD, FRBR, LCSH,
AES Process History,
DC, DTD,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
DC, DTD, FRBR, ID3,
FGDC/CSDGM,
MXF, Ontology for
LCSH, MEI, METS, MO,
GML, ISO
DC, DTD,
Media Resource, PB
MPEG-21 DIDL,
19115, KML,
ISBD, LCSH,
Core, QDC, XML,
DC,
MusicXML, MXF,
OAIS, QDC,
METS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
XML Schema,
DIF, DTD,
Ontology for Media
TGN, XML, XML
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
XPath, XSLT,
EML, METS,
Resource, PB Core,
Schema, XPath,
OAIS, ONIX, OpenURL,
Z39.50
MPEG-21 DIDL, OAIS,
QDC, XML, XML
XSLT
QDC, SRU, SWAP, TEI,
QDC, VSO Data Model, XML,
Schema, XPath,
AAT, CCO,
TextMD, XML, XML
XML Schema, XPath,
XSLT, Z39.50
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
Schema, XPath,
AAT, CCO,
XSLT
DC, DIG35, DTD, METS,
XSLT, Z39.50
CDWA, CDWA Lite,
MIX, MPEG-21 DIDL, OAI-PMH,
CIDOC/CRM, DC, DTD, METS,
OAIS, Ontology for Media Resource, PB
MIX, MPEG-21 DIDL, MuseumDat, OAI-PMH,
Core, QDC, SRU, TGM I, TGM II, TGN, ULAN,
Ontology for Media Resource, QDC, SPECTRUM, TGN,
VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT, Z39.50
ULAN, VRA Core, XML, XML Schema, XPath, XSLT
AGLS, APPM, DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD, GILS,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), RAD
ad
g
e
a
da
MODS
Cultural Objects
ives es
h
c
Ar
ri
ca
tial
tiv
at
ta
Str
Dat
a
Da tas ets
rm
o
F
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lle
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o
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t
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S
Co
Reructure
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Vo
spa
rip
ad
a
u
y
str
tial
sc
et
at
ma
Ind
METS
M
e
spa
De
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ad
or
Inf
n
tio
s
or
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dard
n
d
a
t
r
re S
co
u
t
e
c
u
R
Str
Geo
bu
Geo
at
Copyright 2009-2010 Jenn Riley
AES Core
DTD, LCC, LCSH, MARC,
Audio, Atom,
MARCXML, METS, MIX, MODS,
CIDOC/CRM,
OAI-PMH, OAIS, PB Core, PREMIS,
DC, DCAM,
SGML, SRU, TGM I, TGM II, TGN,
FGDC/CSDGM,
XML, XML Schema, XPath, XQuery,
FOAF, FRAD,
XSLT
FRBR, FRSAD, ISO
19115, Linked Data,
OAI-ORE, QDC,
RDF, RELAX NG,
RSS, SKOS, TEI,
Topic Maps, VRA
Core, XOBIS
et
spa
a
rm
al
tiv
e
et
A
ive
rc h
t
ma
M
M
tiv
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
g
a
al
Dat
in
e
rip
tial
ic
ov
ov
sc
tiv
spa
us
M
De
Geo
Sc
M
es
M
Mu
u rc
rip
Technical Metadata
Stru
Rig
ctu
hts
ral M
Me
etad
ata
tad
ata
y
lar
OAIS
AACR2, AAT, ADL,
CanCore, CDWA,
CDWA Lite, DDC,
DwC, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, indecs,
ISBD, KML,
MADS, MESH,
METS Rights,
MPEG-7, ODRL,
RDA, SMIL,
TextMD, ULAN,
VSO Data
Model, XMP,
XrML, Z39.50
M
in
ip
l Me
tad
ata
Geo
ic
OAISPrese
Cultural Objects
ives ry
h
c
Ar
st
u
Ind
n
tio
a
m
or
f
In
us
Da ta se ts
M
a
ov
Dat
ta
cr
ura
rd
anda
tial
M
t
ma
spa
Da
es
uct
es
urc
eso ts
a l R Te x l s
Visu
ly ria s
l a r ate ge
ho M a
S c ical g Im
in
ov
D
g
sc
es
urc
eso exts
al R
T
ly als
Visu
lar eri es
ho at g
Sc l M Ima
ca
si ing
or
F
ard
d
d
n
r
a
St
co
Re tructure
S
ces
our ts
R e s Te x
s
ual
Vi s
rly al
la eri s
ho at ge
a
Im
in
De
ar
r
us
s
a
o
s
Res
xt
ual
Vis
Te l s
rly ria
la ate s
ho
ge
Sc al M a
Im
ov
ic
M
s
rce
sou
l Re
ts
g
sua
in
r
Lib
M
rc e
i
s
du
try
Geo
St
t u re
c
u
r
St
us
ca
ov
M
si
x
Vi
Te l s
rly ia
la er s
ho at ge
M a
Sc
l
Im
Mu
M
A rc
t
ma
MARC
ies
es
hiv
M
ou
s
Res
xt
ual
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er
rm
c
Re
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ord
OAI-ORE
Str
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o
Inf
at
ly
a
Cultural Objects
s
hive
A rc
In
at
ag
Da ta se ts
ion
M
Im
Dat
lar
al
tial
Vis
ho
at
a
a
Strong
spa
g
ad
at
at
tial
Cultural Objects
Semi-Strong
AACR2, CanCore, DCAM, DDC, GEM, IEEE/LOM,
indecs, ISBD, LCC, Linked Data, MADS, MARC,
MARC Relator Codes, MARCXML, METS
Rights, MODS, MPEG-7, MuseumDat,
NewsML, OAI-PMH, OAIS, ODRL, PREMIS,
RAD, RDA, RDF, RELAX NG, Sears List of
Subject Headings, SGML, SKOS, SMIL,
SRU, XMP, XOBIS, XQuery, XrML
str
ic
et
ad
ad
spa
Dat
a
Dat ase ts
Semi-Weak
Sc
M
et
et
on
on
c
in
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M
M
or
ti
ma
Geo
LCSH
ives
rc h ustry
Ind
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ati
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or
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n
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se
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tio
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ta
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ab
us
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e
a
r
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CanCore, GEM, IEEE/LOM, MIX,
MuseumDat, TGN, XMP
AGLS, APPM, Atom, CIDOC/CRM,
DACS, EAC-CPF, EAD,
ISAAR(CPF), ISAD(G), OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, TGN, Topic Maps
In
m
for
s
hive y
u
Ind
t
ma
MIX
Cultural Objects
A rc
M
ral M
etad
tad
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ata
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ov
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r
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M
Technical Metadata
at
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lM
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ar
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ves
us
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ies
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h
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es
Cultural Objects
t
es
u r c ts
e s o l y Te x
lar
s
al R
ial
er
u rc
Dat
a
Dat ase ts
rip
rip
tial
a
Cultural Objects
tial
sc
sc
Inf
at
Atom, DDC,
EAD, ISAAR(CPF),
ISAD(G), ISBD,
LCC, LCSH, MARC,
MARCXML,
APPM, DACS,
OAI-ORE, ODRL, PB
DCAM, EAC-CPF, indecs, Linked
Core, RDA, RSS,
Data, MADS, MARC Relator
SCORM, Sears List
Codes, METS Rights, MODS,
of Subject Headings,
OAIS, PREMIS, RAD, RDF, RELAX
Topic Maps, XrML,
NG, SGML, SKOS, SRU, XQuery
Z39.50
AGLS, DCAM, EML, Linked Data,
METS, METS Rights, MPEG-21
DIDL, OAI-PMH, ODRL, PREMIS,
RDF, RELAX NG, SGML, SKOS,
SRU, XQuery, XrML
spa
De
De
A
ad
a
Geospatial
Data
al
in
s
s
spa
Cultural Objects
et
at
Moving
Images
ic
ov
Geo
a
m
r
o
Visu
us
M
rce
xt
or
F
dard
n
a
d
t
S
r
co ructure
e
R
St
g
u
eso
al R
ri
o
s
Res
ual
xt
Vis
Te l s
a
rly
la teri es
g
ho
a
M ma
Sc
I
g
M
in
Visu
al
ov
ic
M
us
Te s
rly al
la ri
ho te es
Sc Ma ag
l
ca g Im
ces
our ts
R e s Te x
ual
ls
Vi s
rly ria s
e
la
ho at age
M
Sc
Im
M
si
Geo
M
ad
AGLS,
CanCore, FRBR,
GEM, IEEE/LOM,
MPEG-7, SMIL, TGM
I, TGM II, XOBIS
in
et
produced as part of a research or scholastic
process, and includes both book-length and
article-length material.
us
a rd
a
M
Datasets
Scholarly Texts refers to resources
rm
o
f
n
on
i
t
a
Ind
FOAF
try
e
ctur
d
Stan
e
I
a
es
Weak
AGLS,
DCAM, Linked
Data, METS Rights,
OAI-ORE, OAI-PMH,
ODRL, PREMIS, RDF,
RELAX NG, SGML, SKOS,
SRU, XQuery, XrML
as film, video, or digital moving images.
expressing music in any form, including as
audio, notation, and moving image.
Archives
ral M
etad
ata
e
Topic Maps,
Z39.50
Musical Materials refers to resources
F
tiv
ata
r
Lib
rip
tad
ctu
tial
A r c h iv
ral M
etad
ata
sc
Me
tiv
CanCore, DDC, EAC-CPF,
FRBR, GEM, IEEE/LOM,
ISAAR(CPF), ISBD, LCC,
Atom, DwC,
MADS, MARC, MARC
Relator Codes,
GILS, indecs,
MARCXML, MathML,
MODS, RSS,
Ontology for Media
Resource, TGN, XMP,
SCORM,
XOBIS
nd
nI
ctu
at
at
rip
a
other creative endeavor.
Moving Images refers to resources expressed
orm
o
ati
Stru
spa
Cultural Objects
Technical Metadata
De
Stru
rd
m
or
u
Re Str
Metadata
CanCore, DDC,
EAC-CPF, FRBR, GEM,
IEEE/LOM, ISAAR(CPF), ISBD,
LCC, LCSH, MADS, MARC, MARC Relator
Codes, MARCXML, Ontology for Media Resource,
Sears List of Subject Headings, XMP,
Atom, DwC,
XOBIS
Cultural Objects refers to works of art, architecture, and
geographic location, either as the data about
geographic places themselves or the relationship of a
resource to a specific location.
ov
S
co
ard
d
n
a
t
GILS,
indecs, MODS, OAI-ORE,
RSS, SCORM, Topic Maps,
Z39.50
Geospatial Data refers to information relevant to
Inf
ad
sc
at
ata
FRBR
A rc h iv e s t r y
us
ata
S
ore Technical
hts
or
t
ma
c
e
Re t r u c t u r
on
ral M
etad
ata
intended to be used with or could potentially be useful for. The
specific categories represented here are not intended to be
exhaustive, nor are they mutually exclusive; rather, they are focused
on some common material types that are managed by cultural
heritage and other information organizations.
before interpretive activities have taken place. They may be
collected by scientific instruments, or through research
activities in the sciences, social sciences, humanities, or
other disciplines.
lM
eta
Me
dat
a
tad
et
ctu
Domain refers to the types of materials the standard is
Datasets refers to collections of primary data, largely
ura
t
ma
Dat
Dat ase ts a
a
F
o rd
ry
M
De
ad
tad
d
ula
e
et
Me
lle
Vo
b
ca
tiv
M
Domain
hts
Stru
Ind
y
Rig
tro
rip
e
ar
Rig
at
tr
us
hive
ublin
C
sc
tiv
r
Lib
ies
m
or
ion
s
D C
De
rip
CDWA Lite
Inf
Dat
a
Dat ase ts
Cultural Objects
Geo
at
a
sc
orm
ard
F
d
n
a
ord cture St
c
Re Stru
tial
ad
at
s
rce
ou
es
lR
at
spa
et
ad
ua
A rc
l Object
s
Archives
tial
Dat
a
Da ta se ts
Cultural Objects
Vis
De
Cultura
spa
Geo
M
et
a
M
at
r
ies
r
d
Geo
ta
es
urc xts
eso
a l R l y Tea l s
i
Visu
lar er s
ho at ge
Sc l M ma
ca I
si ng
Mu ovi
M
e
ad
tiv
et
s
rce
ou
es
lR
ra
AAT
C
t
on
e
oll
Vo
ca
bu
y
r
a
l
a rd
tand
e
da
t
tiv
M
rip
ta
hts
rip
Me
a
Rig
uct
sc
r
Lib
ata
Str
De
ive
tad
rie
F
S
c
R e t r u c t u re
S
EAD
Archives s
s
ipt
Me
Mu
ce
hts
ord
a
m
r
o
M
ur
sc
e
ua
Lib
material presented in fixed visual form.
These materials may be either artistic
or documentary in nature.
cr
De
tiv
Vis
l Object
s
Archives
Visual Resources refers to
ho
l M lar
Mo
ly
vin
g I a t e r Te
ma ia x
g ls ts
C u lt u r a
l O b je ce s
ts
ica
so
s
Sc
Re
r
DACS
De
s
Rig
us
al
Lib
ie
ar
M
su
Archives
Vi
y
s
d
lle
ects
ce
CCO
Co
ro
nt
r
ula
ur
rip
Cultura
so
sc
l Object
s
l
ica arl
Mo
y
l
vin
g I Ma T
ma te ex
Cultura
ge ria t
s ls s
l Obj
Re
De
Cultura
Technical Metadata
Stru
ctu
hts
ral M
Me
etad
ata
tad
ata
ho
al
Rig
Vo
b
ca
us
su
s
AACR2
ies
C
M
Sc
Vi
ce
Lib
r
ra
c
y
s
rce
ou
es
lR
ur
Archives
on
l
tro
Vo
led
ab
r
ula
ua
so
Ma rly
gI
T
t
ma eria ex
ge ls ts
s
Vis
Re
vin
al
la
al
sic
ho
su
Mo
Sc
Vi
Mu
Sem
AACR2, AES Core Audio,
CanCore, CDWA, CDWA
Lite, CIDOC/CRM, DC, FRBR,
ID3, IEEE/LOM, Linked Data,
MARC, MARCXML, MO,
MODS, MPEG-21 DIDL,
ONIX, PB Core,
QDC, RDA,
TextMD
ak
We
i
m
Se
AACR2, AGLS,
CanCore, DC,
EML, FRBR,
IEEE/LOM,
MARC,
MARCXML,
MODS,
MPEG-21 DIDL,
Ontology for
Media Resource,
PREMIS, QDC,
RDA, VRA Core
Purpose refers to the general type of
metadata the standard is designed to record.
Typically a standard will be strongly focused on
one purpose but include a few data elements for
other purposes considered especially important.
Data here refers to standards whose purpose is to
enclose the resource itself, possibly together with
metadata or with added value such as markup.
Descriptive Metadata standards include
information to facilitate the discovery (via search or
browse) of resources, or provide contextual information
useful in the understanding or interpretation of a resource.
Metadata Wrappers package together metadata of
different forms, or metadata together with the resource itself.
Preservation Metadata is broadly the information
needed to preserve, keep readable, and keep useful a digital or
physical resource over time. Technical metadata is one type of
preservation metadata, but preservation metadata also includes
information about actions taken on a resource over time and the
actors who take these actions.
Rights Metadata is the information a human or machine needs
to provide appropriate access to a resource, provide appropriate
notification and compensation to rights holders, and to inform end
users of any use restrictions that may exist.
Structural Metadata makes connections between different
versions of the same resource, makes connections between hierarchical
parts of a resource, records necessary sequences of resources, and flags
important points within a resource.
ak
We
Technical Metadata documents the digital and physical features of a
resource necessary to use it and understand when it is necessary to migrate it
to a new format.
Purpose