Ecology And
Environment
What is Ecology And Environment?
Ecology is the study of the relationships between
living organisms, including humans, and their
physical environment.
The environment is everything that is around us be
it living or non-living elements.
Components of Environment
There are various components
Found in our environment. They
Are:
1.
Biological Components
2.
Physical Components
3.
Social Components
Biological Component
The biological component of the
environment includes all living
things. Hence, it is also called
as the biotic component of the
ecosystem. Animals, plants, and
microorganisms interact with
abiotic components, and these
form various ecosystems.
organisms in these ecosystems
are classified into producers,
consumers, and decomposers.
Physical
components(bioshpere)

The biosphere is the parts of Earth
where life exists. It is a
physical component of
environment. Hence it is also known
as the abiotic component
of ecosystem. It is also a part
of environment where all living
beings survive and live in a
particular space like geosphere,
atmosphere and hydrosphere
Types of Ecosystem
An ecosystem can be as small as an oasis in a
desert, or as big as an ocean, spanning thousands
of kilometer. There are two types of ecosystems:
1.Terrestrial Ecosystem
2.Aquatic Ecosystem
Terrestrial Ecosystem
Terrestrial
ecosystems are
exclusively land-based
ecosystems. There are different
types of terrestrial ecosystems d
around various geological zones.
They are as follows:

Forest Ecosystem

Grassland Ecosystem

Tundra Ecosystem

Desert Ecosystem
▶Forest Ecosystem
▶A forest
ecosystem consists of
several plants, particularly trees,
animals and microorganisms that
live in coordination with the
abiotic factors of the environment.
Forests help in maintaining the
temperature of the earth and are
the major carbon sink.
▶Grassland
▶In
Ecosystem
a grassland ecosystem, the
vegetation is dominated by grasses
and herbs. Temperate grasslands
and tropical or savanna grasslands
are examples of grassland
ecosystems.
▶Tundra
▶Tundra
Ecosystem
ecosystems are devoid of
trees and are found in cold
climates or where rainfall is
scarce. These are covered with
snow for most of the year. Tundra
type of ecosystem is found in the
Arctic or mountain tops.
▶
Desert Ecosystem
▶
Deserts are found throughout
the world. These are regions
with little rainfall and scarce
vegetation. The days are hot,
and the nights are cold.
Aquatic Ecosystem
Aquatic Ecosystem are ecosystems
present in a body of water. These can
be further divided into two types,
namely:
Fresh water Ecosystem
Marine Ecosystem
▶Freshwater Ecosystem
▶The
freshwater ecosystem is an
aquatic ecosystem that includes
lakes, ponds, rivers, streams and
wetlands. These have no salt
content in contrast with the
marine ecosystem.
▶
Marine Ecosystem
▶ The
marine ecosystem includes
seas and oceans. These have a
more substantial salt content
and greater biodiversity in
comparison to the freshwater
ecosystem.
Conclusion
As the leader of this group, I would like to
thank our teacher for giving us this wonderful
opportunity to present on this topic. I would
like to thank my friend Aditya for getting most
of this information and preparing this
presentation. I would also like to thank
Mamata, Nitu, Prabina, Dipendra, and Sackyam
for helping with the presentation.