Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Center of Development
Negros Oriental State University
Kagawasan Avenue, Dumaguete City
Negros Oriental, Philippines
______________________________________________________________________________
A Statistical Study
a partial requirement for the fulfillment of the course ED603: Statistics in Education
JAN MC QUEEN V. PINO
MAEM Student
DR. NORMINA BATUCAN
Professor
1
TITLE:
READING LEVEL OF THE GRADE THREE PUPILS TO THEIR ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH DURING THE FIRST QUARTER MS READING.
-The population of the study is the total number of pupils enrolled in Grade 3 in
Tacalan Elementary School for the school year 2022-2023. The variables of interest
are the reading skills of pupils during the posttest of the reading assessment and
their grades in English in the first quarter.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
Reading is an essential skill across learning areas. It involves comprehension
to process words and helps in broadening one’s vocabulary. Furthermore, all subjects
taught in school encompass reading comprehension. However, teachers have the
assumption that because of the learning modality adapted by the school especially
during the pandemic, pupils reading skills affected their academic performance.
Hence, the researcher wants to find out if there is a relationship between their reading
skill and their academic performance in English in the current quarter.
- Ask permission from the school head through a formal letter to collect the data (See
Appendix A)
-Meet the MS Reading Coordinator to whom you are going to collect the data and
discuss the purpose of the collection of the data
-Gather and tally the data needed for the statistical study.
2
DATA GATHERING
The researcher as the adviser, rechecked the first quarter grades of the pupils
as well as gathering the recent data of the reading status from the MS Reading
Coordinator of Grade 3 pupils in school year 2022-2023. The gathered data are shown
on table 1. The name of the pupils is replaced with codes for anonymity purposes.
Table 1. Academic performance of Grade Three-Galay pupils in English for the first
quarter and their reading level during the MS Reading Program.
PUPIL
ENGLISH GRADE
(FIRST QUARTER)
B1
77
B2
75
B3
84
B4
75
B5
75
B6
83
B7
79
G8
80
READING LEVEL
(MS READING RESULT)
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
INSTRUCTIONAL
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
3
G9
87
G10
87
G11
75
G12
75
G13
83
G14
88
G15
86
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
INSTRUCTIONAL
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
STRUGGLING READER
- Frequency distribution and percentage is used to describe the data collected.
PUPILS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
The data gathered from the adviser are grouped according to subject. These
data are being classified according to grade brackets as stipulated on the “Policy
Guidelines on Awards and Recognition for the K to 12 Basic Education Program”
(DepEd Order No 36, series of 2016)
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Table 2. Frequency of pupils’ Academic performance in English
n=15
Academic Performance
Frequency
Percentage
Outstanding
0
0%
Very Satisfactory
3
20 %
Satisfactory
4
26.67 %
Fairly Satisfactory
8
53.33 %
Did Not Meet Expectations
0
0%
15
100 %
Total
Table 2 presents the academic performance of Grade 3-Galay pupils of Tacalan
Elementary School. Of the 15 pupils, the biggest group proved to have a “Fairly
Satisfactory” academic performance with a percentage of 53.33 %. This is followed
by “Satisfactory” with a percentage of 26.67 % and “Very Satisfactory” with a
percentage of 20 %. No one has ratings in both “Outstanding” and “Did not meet
expectations”
PUPILS’ READING LEVEL
The data gathered from the adviser are grouped according to reading skill.
These data are being classified as independent, instructional, frustration, and
struggling as defined in the “The Philippine Informal Reading Inventory Manual of
2018”. (The Phillipine Informal Reading Inventory Manual, 2018)
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Table 3. Frequency of Pupils’ Reading Level Based on MS Reading
Consolidation in the 1st Quarter
n=15
READING LEVEL
Independent Reader
Level
Instructional Reader
Level
Frustration Reader
Level
Struggling Reader Level
FREQUENCY
0
PERCENTAGE
0
1
6.7%
1
6.7%
13
15
86.6%
100%
TOTAL
Shown in Table 3 is the reading level according to classification of Grade 3Galay pupils of Tacalan Elementary School. Majority of the 15 pupils are in the Nonreader/ Struggling reader as evidenced by 86.6 percent. 6.7 percent are “Frustration
level” while 6.7% percent are “Independent Level”
(5) INTERPRET THE DATA AND MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT THE
POPULATION USING INFERENTIAL STATISTICS.
Statement of Hypotheses
The following hypotheses will be tested at 0.05 level of significance:
H0
There is no relationship between the pupils’ academic
performance in English to their reading level.
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Ha
There is relationship between the pupils’ academic performance
in English to their reading level.
Spearman Rho (ρ) was used to determine the relationship between the
academic performance of pupils to their reading level in testing Ha. The data collected
were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
Before computing the Spearman rho, the ranked variables (descriptor for
academic performance and classification for reading level) are assigned with values
to form a scale, which is presented as follows:
Academic Performance
Descriptor
Reading Level
Value
Classification
Value
Outstanding
5
Independent
4
Very Satisfactory
4
Instructional
3
Satisfactory
3
Frustration
2
Struggling
1
Fairly Satisfactory
2
Did Not Meet Expectation
1
As for the interpretation of the value of ρ, the following guide as suggested
by Cohen and Berry (2001) was used.
Value
Interpretation
±0.91 to ±0.99
Very high positive/negative correlation
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±0.71 to ±0.90
High positive/negative correlation
±0.41 to ±0.70
Moderate positive/negative correlation
±0.21 to ±0.40
Slight positive/negative correlation
±0.01 to ±0.20
Negligible positive/negative correlation
0.00
No correlation
Table 4. Relationship of the Pupils’ reading level and academic performance in
English
n=15
Variables
ρ
Degree of
Relationship
Decision
rule
Remarks
Reading level
and academic
performance
0.788
High positive
correlation
Reject the H0
Significant
Table 4 presents the test on the relationship of the pupils’ reading level
and academic performance. Results of the test revealed that there is a high
relationship between the two variables mentioned as obtained by the value of
ρ which is 0.788 (value which is much greater than rs significant level of 0.382)
at 0.05 level of significance with 27 degrees of freedom. Thus, it rejects the
null hypothesis. This means that there is enough evidence to support the claim
that there is a significant relationship between the pupils’ reading level and
their academic performance.
Though the study showed that there is a significant relationship between the
pupils’ reading level and their academic performance, the sample does not generalize
that is true to its population. With type II error (fail to reject the null hypothesis when
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it is false), teachers might provide activities that doesn’t develop the higher-order
thinking skills of pupils but merely remembering facts only. The pupils’ reading level
and their academic performance will be regarded as isolated variables. Thus, schools
might produce graduates that lacks profound learning and skills.
Also, only the English subject is tested to its reading level. The study could be
conducted also to Science, Mathematics and TLE, since the medium of instruction is
also English but only in higher grades from 4-6.
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REFERENCE
The Phillipine Informal Reading Inventory Manual. (2018). Pasig City: Department
of Education.
APPENDIX A
Republic of the Philippines
Negros Oriental State University
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Dumaguete City
January 13, 2022
RONALD B. ADANA
Head Teacher III
Tacalan Elementary School
Sitio Sab-ahan, Bais City
Sir;
Good day!
I am conducting a statistical study as requirement for my subject ED 603: Statistics
in Education in the Graduate School of Negros Oriental State University.
In line with this, I would like to ask permission from your office to gather the needed
data from your MS Reading Coordinator Ms. Farah Mae Alinabon, T-III and a Grade
1 adviser.
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Rest assured, the data gathered will be kept confidential and will be used for research
purposes only.
Thank you for your favorable action on this request.
Respectfully yours,
JAN MC QUEEN V. PINO
Researcher