ELEMENTS OF A SHORT STORY
A. Characters
B. Plot
C. Point of View
A. The Characters-the
people or sometimes the
animals, who participate in
the action of a literary work.
Methods of
Characterization
1. Direct or Expository
Characterization
2. Indirect or Dramatic
Characterization
Kinds of Characters that
can be portrayed
a. According to Roles played
a.1. Major Characters
a.1.1 Protagonist
a.1.2 Antagonist
a.2. Minor/Supporting Characters
a.2.1Confidant(or Confidante)
a.2.2 Foil
a.2.3 Stock type
b. According to the fullness of
development
b.1. Flat
b.2. Round
C. According to the change
undergone in the story
C.1. STATIC
C.2. DEVELOPING /DYNAMIC
PLOT
1. Introduction/Exposition
2. Rising Action
3. Climax
4. Falling action
5. Resolution/Denouement
Types of Plot
Aristotle's Traditional Plot
Structure
FREYTAG'S PLOT STRUCTURE
Kinds of Conflict
1. EXTERNAL CONFLICT
 Man versus Man
 Man versus Society
 Man versus Nature .
 Man versus fate
 Man versus Supernatural
 Man versus Technology
INTERNAL CONFLICT
 Man versus Self
POINT OF VIEW
First Person Point of View
Types of Third Person Point of View
1. Objective
2. Limited
3. Omniscient
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