SCIENCE 8
3rd QUARTER
Module 1
Does
MATTER
matter?
Most Essential Learning Competencies
⚫ Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle
nature of matter. (S8MT-IIIa-b-8)
To the Learner
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the lesson
objectives. Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the
activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from
your teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned.
The Writer
Expectations
This module will help you to:
• Identify and describe the classification of matter based on its physical state
(solids, liquids, and gases).
• Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on its mass and
volume.
• Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on its shape and
molecular arrangement (through illustration, etc.).
• Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on its movement
of molecules (through role-playing, etc.).
Pre-test
Direction: Read the question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. If an ice cube is left out in an open environment it will change from one state of
matter to another. Which is the correct order of the state of matter that the ice
cube will go through?
a. Solid, Liquid, Gas
c. Liquid, Gas, Solid
b. Gas, Solid, Liquid
d. Solid, Gas, Liquid
2. Which of the following is NOT a physical property of matter?
a. Mass
c. Volume
b. Melting Point
d. Flammability
3. Which statement is CORRECT about the molecules of a solid?
a. The molecules are randomly moving.
b. The molecules are closely packed.
c. The molecules are loosely packed.
d. The molecules are moving at a fast speed.
4. Marco used a triple beam balance to measure the amount of matter in the stone.
He also used a graduated cylinder to measure the space occupied by the stone.
What properties of matter are being described in Marco’s activity?
a. Mass and Hardness
c. Mass and Volume
b. Volume and Flexibility
d. Volume and Malleability
5. What happens to the molecules of a gas when it is heated?
a. It will not move.
c. It will move slowly.
b. It will slightly move.
d. It will randomly move at a fast speed.
Looking Back
Are You Smarter Than a 7th Grader?
Direction: Identify what is being asked by filling the missing letter in the box.
1. It is a pure substance that is made up of one kind of atom.
E
E
N
T
2. It is a combination of two or more distinct elements that are chemically combined.
C
M P
U
D
2
3. It is the first element in the periodic table.
H
D
O
E
N
4. It refers to the materials that contain two or more chemical substances dispersed
among each other (mixed) and no chemical reactions occur.
M
X
U
E
5. It is a homogenous mixture where particles of one substance (the solute) are
mixed with the particles of another substance (the solvent).
S
L
T
O
N
6. It is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform (one phase) throughout
the mixture.
H
M
G
E
E
U
S
7. It is a type of mixture in which the composition is not uniform (two or more
phases) throughout the mixture.
H
T
R
G
E
E
U
8. It refers to the substance that is being dissolved or a substance that exists in a
lesser amount.
S
L
T
E
9. It refers to the substance in which other material is being dissolved to form a
solution and usually exist in greater amount.
S
O
V
N
10. It is a type of solution in which a solvent is not capable of dissolving any more
solute at a given temperature.
S
T
R
T
D
S
L
T
O
N
Brief Introduction
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It is made up of
smallest particles called atom. It was derived from the Greek word “atomos”
which means indivisible particle. The study of matter began almost 2,500 years
ago where Leucippus and Democritus believed that nature consisted of atoms
and the void that surround them. They believed that there are many kinds of
atoms and each one has definite sizes and shapes.
In 19th century, John Dalton, an English chemist said that all matter
was composed of a tiny particle called atoms. An atom is an indivisible building
block of matter. Atom is measured in angstrom wherein one angstrom is a unit
length equal to one ten-millionth of a millimeter. When atoms are combined in
a specific arrangement it is called molecules.
Matter has different properties, the chemical and physical property.
Chemical property depends on how a substance reacts to another substance
like the presence of air, acid, base, water, and other chemicals. The physical
property of matter can be classified as intensive and extensive property. The
intensive property does not depend on the amount of substance such as color,
melting point, boiling point, and density. Extensive property depends on the
amount of substance such as mass, volume, length, and shape. The mass is
defined as the amount of matter the substance or object has and the measure
of space occupied by a substance or object is called volume.
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Activity 1
Does it Matter?
Objective:
1.
Identify and describe the classification of matter based on its physical state
(solids, liquids, and gases).
2. Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on its mass and
volume.
Material: Pen
Procedure:
1. Identify the physical state of matter of the following samples below by checking
the proper box.
Sample
Salt Granules
Table
Soft drink
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Cellphone
Water
Soy Sauce
Air
Ice Cubes
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Guide Questions:
1. Are the samples matter? If not, which sample/s is/are not matter? ________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Which samples are solid? ________________________________________________
3. Which samples are liquid? ________________________________________________
4. Which samples are gases? ________________________________________________
5. How do you describe the shape of a solid, does it have a definite shape? How
about the liquid and the gas? _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Does each sample have a measurable mass? Prove your answer. ___________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Do you think each sample occupies space? Explain your answer. ___________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Activity 2
What MATTER’s Most!
Objective: Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on their
shape and molecular arrangement (through illustration, etc.).
Materials: Pen and Pencil
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Procedures:
1. Study the illustration below.
a. ICE CUBES
b. Glass of WATER
c.VAPOR from a Hot Coffee
Q1. What states of matter are shown in the illustration above?
a. ___________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________
Q2. How do you describe the shape of each sample of matter? Do the ice cubes
have a definite shape? How about the water? How about the vapor?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Q3. Suppose you inflate a balloon, do the air particles take now the shape of the
balloon? Did the air particles change in shape?
______________________________________________________________________________
Q4. Look at figure A again. What do you think makes a solid to have its shape?
Does it have something to do with its particles? How do you describe the particles
of a solid? ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Q5. Now, looking at figure B, what do you think makes a liquid to have an
indefinite shape? Does it have something to do with its particles? How do you
describe the particles of a liquid?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Q6. Lastly, look at figure C. What do you think makes a gas to have an
indefinite shape? Does it have something to do with its particles? How do you
describe the particles of a gas?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe the particles (molecules) of a solid, liquid, and gas using an
illustration. Draw your illustration on the assigned object in each state of
matter.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
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Solids are hard because they are composed of tightly packed
molecules. Solids have also definite shape and volume. The molecules
in a liquid, however, are more fluid. Liquids do not have a definite
shape because they only take the shapes of their container but they
have definite volume. Gases are composed of high-energy molecules
that are constantly moving around because they don’t have a definite
shape until they are forced to take the shape of a container. Gases will
also take the volume of their container.
Activity 3
Moving or Not Moving?
Objective: Differentiate the structure of solids, liquids, and gases based on its
movement of molecules (through role-playing, etc.).
Materials: Pen, Block, Balloon or Plastic, Cup of Water, Plastic Container
or Glass
Procedures:
Set-up 1
1. Examine a single piece of a block. Observe what happens when you roll it on a
flat surface.
Q1. Did the block change its shape? _________________________________________
Q2. Based on your observation, are the particles of solid moving? If yes, describe
how it moves? _______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Set-up 2
2. Pour a cup of water into a plastic container or a glass. Observe the flow of water.
Q3.
Did
the
water
take
the
shape
of
the
container?
______________________________________________________________________________
Q4. Do the particles of water move? If yes, describe how they move?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Set-up 3
3. Inflate a balloon or a plastic (ice bag or small plastic). Make sure that the balloon
or plastic is not overinflated.
Q5. What do you feel as you inflate the balloon or the plastic? ________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Squeeze the inflated balloon or the plastic. Observe what happens to the balloon
or the plastic after squeezing it.
Q6. Do the gas particles move? If yes, describe how it moves?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Remember
•
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It is also made up of tiny
particles called atom. These particles are moving at all times and have spaces
between them. These particles also attract each other.
•
Characteristics of Solid, Liquid, and Gas
A solid has a fixed
shape and volume. It is
also rigid which means
particles are locked into
place. It is not easily
compressible. It has a
little free space between
particles. It does not
flow easily.
A liquid assumes the
shape of its container.
Liquid particles can
move or slide past one
another. It’s not easily
compressible. There is a
little free space between
particles. It flows easily.
Gases assumes
the
shape
of
its
container. The particles
of gas can move freely.
It
is
easily
compressible. There is a
lot
of
free
space
between particles.
Figure 1: Particles of Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Check Your Understanding
A. Complete the following table to describe the three states of matter.
Mass
Shape
Volume
Molecular
Arrangement
Solid
Definite
Liquid
Gas
Indefinite shape
Fixed Volume
Closely packed
Movement of
Particles
Particles can
move/slide past
one another
B. Explain the following statements.
1. Solids have a definite shape because __________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Liquids can easily flow because _______________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
3. Gas can easily be compressed because ________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Post-test
Direction: Read the questions carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. If water is placed in a freezer it will change from one state of matter to another.
Which of the following shows the correct change of matter that the water will go
through?
a. Solid to Gas
c. Gas to Liquid
b. Liquid to Solid
d. Solid to Liquid
2. Which of the following is a property of matter?
a. Mass and Volume
c. Volume and Energy
b. Melting Point and Work
d. Force and Acceleration
3. Which statement is CORRECT about the molecules of a gas?
a. The molecules are randomly moving.
b. The molecules are closely packed.
c. The molecules are loosely packed.
d. The molecules are moving in a low speed.
4. What state of matter is shown in the illustration?
a. Gas
c. Solid
b. Plasma
d. Liquid
5. What happens to the particles of water when it is accidentally spilled on the
ground?
a. It will not flow.
c. It will evaporate.
b. It will flow easily.
d. It will turn into ice.
Reflection
Direction: Fill up the cards by answering what is being asked to you.
Write three (3) things
you learned in this
module ……
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Write two (2) things
that still confusing
to you ……
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Write one (1) thing
you enjoyed in the
lesson ……
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Answer Sheet
Name: ________________________________
Grade and Section: ___________________
LOOKING BACK
PRETEST
1._________
2._________
3._________
4._________
5._________
Total Score: ________________
1.__________________
2.___________________
3.___________________
4.___________________
5.___________________
6. __________________
7. __________________
8. __________________
9. __________________
10. _________________
ACTIVITY 1: Does it matter?
Part 1 (Procedure)
Sample
Salt Granules
Table
Softdrink
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Cellphone
Water
Soy Sauce
Air
Ice Cubes
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Part 2 (Guide Questions)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2: WHAT MATTER’S MOST!
Part 1
Q1. a. ________________ b. _______________ c. ______________
Q2.______________________________________________________________________________
Q3.______________________________________________________________________________
Q4.______________________________________________________________________________
Q5.______________________________________________________________________________
Q6. _____________________________________________________________________________
Part 2
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ACTIVITY 3: MOVING OR NOT MOVING!
Q1.
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
Q6.
Q7.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Mass
Shape
Volume
Molecular
Arrangement
Solid
Definite
Liquid
Gas
Indefinite shape
Fixed Volume
Closely packed
Movement of
Particles
Particles can
move/slide past
one another
1. Solids have definite shape because ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Liquids can easily flow because _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Gas can easily compress because _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
POST-TEST
1._______
2. _________
3. __________
4. ___________
5. __________
REFLECTION
Write three (3) things
you learned in this
module ……
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________
Write two (2) things
that still confusing
to you ……
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________
Write one (1) thing
you enjoyed in the
lesson ……
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
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