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Decision Theory
What Is Decision Theory Of Management? Definition And Meaning
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What is Decision Theory?
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What is Decision Theory?
The decision theory of management holds the belief that a manager should make rational decisions. A
manager involves in the decision-making process, should make quality decisions that have a significant
impact on managerial effectiveness, organizational efficiency, and productivity which are the basis of
organizational success.
The decision theory of management is developed by Herbert Simon, in 1986 and was awarded Nobel
Prize for this outstanding work. Other contributors to this theory include Luther Gulick and Lyndall
Urwick.
According to this theory, managers‘ primary responsibility in organizations is making decisions. When
deciding on the organizational structure, establishing goals, putting plans into effect, launching new
products, choosing new hires, investing in fixed assets, and many other daily tasks, they ought to be
involved in the decision-making process.
A rational decision-making method entails choosing the best option from a set of available alternatives.
A manager needs to make logical decisions.
According to Simon, a manager should follow these steps to make rational decisions for organizational
efficiency.
Define the problem clearly
Define decision premises
Identify relevant or potential alternatives
Evaluate alternatives
Select the best one
Implement
And, evaluate and review the results.
Managers require a variety of tools and approaches to help them make decisions. To make a sound
decision, they can employ a variety of mathematical techniques, including probability, sampling, linear
programming, game theory, etc.
Theoretically, a rational decision-making process that is tested to fulfill and constrained by bounded
rationality is how ideal decisions are produced. This method of decision-making presupposes that
managers may encounter situations involving uncertainty, ambiguity, and non-programmed decisionmaking.
Beliefs, attitudes, abilities, routines, resources, and credentials may constrain a choice. The decisionmaker is satisfied with their choice up until that point, when they tend to look for the next option,
according to this theory.
Contributions of Decision Theory:
This theory provides a rational decision-making process depending on the mathematical tools.
It is helpful to make effective decisions on the basis of proven theory.
Limitations of this theory:
This theory is limited to economic rationale.
The consideration of this theory is still very limited and narrow.
It only focuses on decision-making issues.
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